相关试卷
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1、阅读理解
Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common "m" and "a" to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others? A groundbreaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages.
More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as "f" and "v", were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.
They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned(对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure(结构), making it easier to produce such sounds.
The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn't have to do as much work and so didn't grow to be so large.
Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of "f" and "v" increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.
This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago. "The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution," said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.
(1)、Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi's research focus on?A、Its variety. B、Its distribution. C、Its quantity. D、Its development.(2)、Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals?A、They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth. B、They could not open and close their lips easily. C、Their jaws were not conveniently structured. D、Their lower front teeth were not large enough.(3)、What is paragraph 5 mainly about?A、Supporting evidence for the research results. B、Potential application of the research findings. C、A further explanation of the research methods. D、A reasonable doubt about the research process.(4)、What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds?A、It is key to effective communication. B、It contributes much to cultural diversity. C、It is a complex and dynamic system. D、It drives the evolution of human beings. -
2、阅读理解
In 1991, Terry Gelber rented a stage at the Castillo Cultural Centre to perform his poetry. When asked by the booking agent what kind of poetry he wrote, his response was "Taxi Poetry".
While driving his taxi and reciting poetry, he noticed his taxi driver's licenses are also called "hack licenses". Then he thought for a moment and said, "Hack Poetry!" Thus "Hack Poetry" was born.
At the first reading of Hack Poetry, a fellow taxi driver and poet Tom Ostrowski joined Terry. The two cabbie poets read to an audience of six people plus one reporter from New York Magazine. Asked by Charles W. Bell of the New York Daily News what he called the growing group of taxi poets that appeared at readings, Gelber replied, "Did you see the movie Dead Poets Society?"
In 1992, a poetry contest was added and a television game show was produced for Manhattan TV. In the following years, Terry appeared as the Hack Poet at lots of events reading his Hack Poetry and writing poems for special days such as when an old taxi was put in the Museum of New York. After a successful business in 1999, the Hack Poet bought an old farm in the Catskill Mountains where he has been able to be close to nature and animals. Poets will be invited to share the loneliness of the hills in a place that thankfully has not quite moved into the 21st century.
(1)、What is Hack Group according to the text?A、Another name for famous poets. B、People who like to hear others read poems. C、A group of people who like reading poems in taxis. D、A group of taxi drivers who read and write poems.(2)、What is a suitable title for the text?A、Poets for Special Occasions B、The History of the Hack Poetry C、Drivers and Poets D、Taxi Drivers Like Poems(3)、Who do the underlined words "the Hack Poet" in the last paragraph refer to?A、Terry Gelber. B、Tom Ostrowski. C、CharlesW. Bell. D、Someone unknown.(4)、Why was the old farm in the Catskill Mountains chosen?A、It is large in area. B、It is a good place to go hunting. C、It is a primitive place seldom disturbed. D、It is a nice place for commerce and trade. -
3、 Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.
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4、 After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, turned out to be a wise decision.
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5、 I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.
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6、 I'd like to study law at university my cousin prefers geography.
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7、 What is the deadline the speech contest?
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8、 Children will lose their (innocent) as they grow older.
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9、 I've gone through all the (shelf), but couldn't find the book you want.
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10、 She is (mood) and bad-tempered, making her have few friends.
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11、 They finished first and second (respective).
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12、 Every time I think of her, I get depressed and (sorrow).
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13、 用方框中所给短语的正确形式填空
in sorrow, nursery rhyme, at dawn, be made up of, in the mood for, show sympathy for, a string of, keep up, come across, cherry blossom
(1)、Oceania Australia and New Zealand and so on.(2)、I was so hungry all the time that I couldn't my weight-loss programme.(3)、have been the literature works that children contact earliest.(4)、I have a lot of work to do today, so I am not the concert tonight.(5)、April is my favourite month when the comes out.(6)、She likes to wear pearls around her neck.(7)、I think she did it more than in anger.(8)、While cleaning the room yesterday, I an old photo of my mother.(9)、We should the victims of the flood and give them as much help as possible.(10)、I woke up , only to find the people were already out in the fields. -
14、 The (截止日期) for applications is 30 April.
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15、 Tom (通信) with his pen friend John regularly.
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16、 I used to be an (业余的) astronomer and watched the stars through my telescope.
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17、 The boat rocked up and down in (节奏) with the sea.
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18、 Classic Greek (戏剧) was written in verse, usually in a formal style.
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19、 Women sometimes face p in the workplace.
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20、 I advise you to p your article once more before you send it to the editor.