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For just as long, astronomers have been warning that the bright satellite could mess up their view of the universe by leaving streams (条痕) on telescope images as they fly past. Even the Hubble Space Telescope, which orbits more than 500 kilometers above the Earth's surface, is vulnerable to these satellite streams, as well as those from other satellite groups. From 2002 to 2021, the percentage of Hubble images affected by light from low-orbit satellite increased by about 50 percent.

Actually, the number of images partly blocked by satellite is small, nearly 4 percent of images taken between 2018 and 2021 for one of Hubble's cameras. However, the number of satellite and space debris will only increase in the future. By the 2030 s, the probability of a satellite crossing Hubble's field of view any time it takes an image will be between 20 percent and 50 percent.

The sudden jump in Starlink satellite also pose a problem for space traffic. Star link satellite all orbit at a similar distance from the Earth, just above 500 kilometers. And it's a popular orbital altitude — Hubble is there, and so is the International Space Station and the China's space station. If there is some kind of collision between Starlinks, some kind of disaster, it could immediately affect human lives.

By the 2030's, there could be 100,000 satellite crowding low Earth orbit. So far, there are no international regulations to limit the number of satellite a private company can send or to limit which orbits they can take up. The speed of commercial development is much faster than the speed of regulation change. There needs to be the reformation of space traffic management and space regulation generally to deal with these massive commercial projects.

The method, described on October 13 in the Journal of Applied Ecology, captures DNAfloating around the koala' s natural environment using filters (过滤器) made of cheesecloth, a thin fabric commonly found in kitchens. Secured between two stainless steel plates, the cheesecloth filters were tested at 26 sites in four nature reserves across Queensland,Australia. Each site received two filters — one placed about 1.5 meters above the ground with a fan that mechanically drew in air, and another placed closer to the ground to trap any debris (碎片). After a few days, researchers retook the filters and analyzed the genetic material trapped within. To their delight, the scientists identified koalas' DNA as well as DNA from eleven other species that are known to inhabit the area.

Populations of koalas have sharply decreased in recent years due to bushfires and diseases. In 2022, the Australian government declared that koalas are endangered in some parts of the country. Conservation efforts have relied on advanced instruments including thermal imaging drones and acoustic recorders to detect koalas. "The new DNA sampler is less expensive and requires fewer technical skills to operate," the researchers say.

"It is very simple," says evolutionary biologist Celine Frere of The University ofQueensland in Brisbane, Australia. "The idea is to get citizen scientists, private property owners and school students to go out and use the filters."

The work adds yet another tool that scientists can use to detect environmental DNA(eDNA). Other researchers have sought for eDNA in the air in zoos and forests, on vegetation and even on the filters of air pollution monitoring stations.

"Some of the work in this particular study is really an important first step," says ecologist Matthew Barnes of Texas Tech University in Lubbock. The experiment occurred in an uncontrolled environment, where there' re a lot of uncertainties and a risk that strong wind or rain could affect the results.

The Mobile School program started in 2018 and has since grown to include several buses,each equipped with books, computers, and other learning materials. The buses visit different neighborhoods on a rotating schedule, ensuring that the program can benefit as many children as possible. Teachers and volunteers conduct classes in basic literacy, mathematics, and science, as well as offering lessons in art and music.

One of the key features of the Mobile School is its flexibility. The program is designed to meet the children where they are, in terms of both their physical well-being and educational needs. This approach has proven to be highly effective, as many street children are unable to attend regular schools due to their transient (暂住的) lifestyles or the need to work to support their families.

The initiative has received widespread praise from both local communities and international organizations. Parents of the children who attend the Mobile School have expressed their gratitude, noting that the program provides their children with opportunities they never thought possible. The success of the Mobile School has also inspired similar programs in other cities across India.

Despite the positive impact, the Mobile School program faces several challenges. Funding is a constant concern, as the program relies heavily on donations and grants (拨款) to operate. Additionally, reaching all the street children in a city as large as Mumbai is a daunting task. However, the organization behind the Mobile School remains committed to its mission and continues to seek new ways to expand and improve the program.

Hiking and Climbing

Stanage Edge is a nice place for hikers and climbers, offering over 2, 000 climbing routed that cater to a range of difficulty levels.

Natural Scenery

Known for its impressive cliffs and beautiful moor land views, visitors can enjoy the magnificent views of the Dark Peaks and the Derwent Valley.

History and Culture

Rich in history and culture, Stanage Edge was once a major thorough fare in medieval England. The Long Cause way, a medieval pack horse route, passes through this area.

Literary referenced

Stanage Edge has a place in literature, believed to be one of the inspirations for Charlotte bronze's novel Jane Eyre. It also appeared in the 2005 film adaptation of Pride and Prejudice, where Keira Knightley, playing Elizabeth Bennet, gates into the distance.

Transportation

Stanage Edge is best accessed by car. The Hollin Bank car park is the main parking area, managed by the Peak District National Park Authority.

Walking routed

There are various walking routed available, including a circular route of about 7 kilometers, which is expected to take 2-3 hours to complete.

Stanage Edge is a place suitable for a variety of outdoor activities. Whether you are a climber seeking a challenge or a hiker looking to enjoy the natural beauty, you will find something to delight yourself here.

Mary was the art teacher for primary school students. On this particular day, she was guiding them through the process of drawing a scenic landscape. Akila yawned(打哈欠), clearly disinterested - drawing wasn't her thing. A small group of students gathered around Tina, laughing at her unusual drawing: a sun sporting sunglasses and trees topped with ice cream cones.

Mary instructed Tina firmly but with unease, "Draw it the way I showed you." As the lesson continued, doubt crept into Mary's mind. Had the joy of creativity been overshadowed by the pressure to fit in? She scanned the room, observing her students' faces – some concentrated, others uncertain. Akila's disinterest was clear and Tina's imaginative drawing had been met with ridicule instead of praise.

After class, Mary sat down with Tina, her tone softening, "Why did you draw the sun with sunglasses and the trees with ice creams?" she asked gently.

Tina's eyes sparkled with a touch of rebellion (叛逆)-"I love ice cream, and I thought the sun would look cool with sunglasses. Why do we always have to draw like everyone else?"

Mary paused, her thoughts racing. Tina's drawings weren't just curious —they were a window into a world where imagination ruled, where rales could be bent into delightful chaos. Was she, by enforcing a rigid style, killing that very creativity?

The next morning, Mary walked into the classroom with a renewed sense of purpose. She placed a large sheet of paper in front of the class and announced a new project: they would create a collective(集体的)artwork titled "Our Dream World" with no rules. They were free to use colors, shapes, and patterns however they wished.

At first, the students hesitated, unsure of this newfound freedom. Akila leaned back, skeptical of what seemed like another pointless exercise. But Tina, her creativity no longer restricted, eagerly grabbed her crayons and began to draw with abandon. Then, Maya joined in. And then Michael...

注意：

1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右;

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

As the students worked, Mary observed them with curiosity.

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Mary stood back and surveyed the creation.

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1. 移动支付的优缺点；

2. 你的看法。

参考词汇：微信 WeChat；支付宝 Alipay；二维码 QR code

注意：

1. 写作词数应为80左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

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Have you ever sunk a spoon and a pair of chopsticks into a deep bowl of hot pot? If so, then you know that this widely-appreciated dish can be (absolute) delicious and fun to eat. Typically (associated) with Chinese food, hot pot is commonly seasoned with all kinds of traditional Chinese ingredients, ranging from raw shellfish sliced mushrooms. Today hot pot is enjoyed all across Asia, which begs the question: Where, exactly, did hot pot originate?

Some historians trace its beginnings back to boatmen living along the Yangtze and Jialing rivers around Chongqing, China, invented an inexpensive and efficient way to eat. Others believe early hot pots (link) to Mongol soldiers. As they traveled and camped across Asia and beyond, they'd sit around the fires, (enjoy) hot soup in one of their overturned helmets (头盔).

Nowadays there are three major styles of hot pot. Sichuan hot pot (feature) strong and spicy flavors. Cantonese hot pot is a much (mild) version with less spicy seasoning. The third one is Mongolian hot pot, which is similar to the original version of hot pot. Despite the variations of this dish, makes hot pot become a favorite dish all over the world is its inclusiveness-everyone is free to add their favorite (item) right into the pot, cooking and eating as they go.

Red by Leo, we3 the destination. "Watch out for the looks rocks!" Leo4 from time to time. Finally, we got to the mountain top. I dropped my backpack to relieve the pain of my5. Looking up at the sky, Leo said, "A storm is developing. We need to6 the tents." He and Adam worked smoothly and7, while I stood around and pretended to help.8, we set up the camp before the storm struck.

Sensing that I was scared, Leo began to share with us some cookies while talking about his camping experiences. Thanks to the9 and stories, my fear of the lightning and thunders10. "The campsite might get a bit muddy, but if you can't get11, what's the fun in camping?" He said with a12.

Soon the storm was gone,13 us to exit the tent. I could see the stars for miles at the night sky. I won't14 — I was dying for a hot shower and a soft bed, but as I gazed upward at the Milky Way, I knew this was a(n)15 I would never forget.

My late grandfather was born in Bagansiapiapi, Indonesia. Growing up, I'd hear all kinds of stories about his childhood before he moved to Singapore. I was anxious to visit his birthplace but I never acted on it until the idea of cycling there came to mind. And I decided to go big — make the whole journey across the island and head to the northernmost tip of Indonesia.

I made sure I planned my first solo ride around Indonesia well. My whole trip would cover more than 1,600 km. I aimed to cycle around 100 km to 140 km a day, which would take about four to six hours. I had to leave room for flexibility. Possible bicycle breakdowns and accidents needed to be taken into account.

During the first leg of the journey, I hardly felt tired because I was so driven by my excitement. Reaching Bagansiapiapi, I immediately asked about the history relating to the large Chinese community there. I learned that a Chinese family surnamed Tan did live there for years. In the 1940s, they moved to another part of Southeast Asia. The locals couldn't remember the names so I wasn't sure whether it was my grandfather's family. All the small pieces of the history reminded me of the hard work of my forefathers to find a better life for their later generations.

Once, I got lost while cycling towards Lake Toba. Luckily, a family of three showed me the right directions. The whole journey was unforgettable. I was thankful that I could witness the land where my grandparents had ever lived and that I had completed such a challenging cycling journey myself.

A. I knew I had to make it happen.

B. At age 49, I developed a thirst for adventure.

C. My cycling journey was not without challenges.

D. Or I was just feeling extra tired on a certain day.

E. However, the possibility left me feeling excited and satisfied.

F. I took note of a few potential hostels and other accommodations.

G. I felt a little regret for not exploring more of my family's detailed history.

Understanding why we forget first requires us to tear down the myth about memory. "It is generally believed that memory is just one thing," said Susanne Jaeggi, a professor of psychology. "Indeed, there are very different components of memory, and they're also related to different cognitive (认知的) processes."

There are two different types of memory: long-term and working memory. The former is a broad category of memories that involve experience and skills stored in the brain for extended periods. On the other hand, thoughts in working memory are only present for a brief period.

"Working memory is like the sketchpad (速写本) of conscious thought," said Earl K. Miller, a professor of neuroscience at MIT. "Every piece of new information, inner dialogue and sensory input is routed through working memory and certain characteristics of working memory explain why we forget those thoughts."

First, psychologists estimate that people can hold only about four to seven "chunks" (块) of information — such as letters, digits, words or phrases — in their working memory at a time. Rather than being aware of all of these "chunks" all at once, the brain bounces around from one idea to another, making it more likely to forget one.

Second, the brain quickly wipes out unimportant things from working memory to make room for new information. So unless those short-term memories are transferred into long-term memories (a process called consolidation), they'll soon disappear.

But for those who regularly struggle with thoughts slipping their mind, Jaeggi and Miller have some words to say. In the first place, Miller says multitasking makes forgetting more likely. Jaeggi mentions if you walk into a room and forget why you went in there, go back into the room you were before. The context clues might give the brain the extra boost it needs to reach back a few seconds in working memory and bring back the thought that's already gone.

The prototype (原型) includes 1,200 tiny solar panels, each measuring just 5 by 1.5 millimeters. It can generate 400 milliwatts of electrical energy, enough to charge electronic devices.

"Until now very few people have considered their clothing products could be used for charging electronic devices," explains Theodore Hughes-Riley, an associate professor of Electronic Textiles. "The material which we have developed appears and behaves the same as any ordinary fabric, as it can be washed in a machine. Besides, because the tiny solar cells are comprised of silicon (硅), wearers aren't able to even notice a discrepancy between the fabric's composition and that of standard clothing."

Potential products include items like outerwear, backpacks and other carrying bags using the material, all of which could allow wearers to keep their devices charged during the day. "Electronic fabrics really have the potential to change people's relationship with technology, as this prototype shows how we could live without charging many devices on the wall," adds Theodore.

Solar power innovations are key to transforming human society from fossil fuel technologies, and are coming into a variety of fields. The European Space Agency, for example, plans to experiment with solar panel systems orbiting above Earth. Since there are no real "days" or "nights" in space, potential solar power generation could be as much as 8 or 9 times greater than what's currently achievable here on Earth's surface. As powerful as that may one day be for us, it's encouraging to know even changes like the composition of our clothing can help promote the necessary renewable energy shift for our species.

Baker, a painter, has long understood the benefits of biophilic (热爱自然的) design. Having suffered a breakdown 10 years ago, Baker found that drawing flowers was the only way to lift his spirit. It was around this time that Baker met Borowski, and joined her production company as a creative director. The pair have worked together ever since launching Graphic Rewilding in 2021.

Since then, they've decorated many buildings at locations including Earl's Court station, Lewes Castle and Westfield Shopping Centre in Shepherd's Bush—all hand drawn by Baker. "We love galleries, but we focus on public art. This way, our work is out there for everyone to enjoy," Baker says.

The pair believe that flowers have serious power, even when they're not real. "We know that spending time in nature is good for us, but studies show that even pictures of plants have a positive effect on the mind," says Baker. He discovers from the research that images of plants in hospital waiting rooms can help reduce feelings of stress inpatients.

Even so, they admit that art is no match for Mother Nature. "Some people expressed concern that our project might hurt real rewilding efforts. But both can coexist," says Borowski. "Of course, we want more green space. But we aren't gardeners. We're artists. In the absence of nature, we want to create inspiring spaces through art."

Overall, the response has been hugely positive. "The joy that these artworks bring is evident," says Borowski, highlighting an early project in Crawley, West Sussex, where they painted brick walls, billboards, benches and even bins. "There were so many smiling faces," she says. "Putting art into a place that previously felt unloved feels like developing joy where there was none."

Free your creativity as a writer, while learning the tricks of the trade. You have the freedom to write what you want, but you also need to gain the discipline of writing. There are no grades, no exams, and no wrong answers—just creative writing. Each class is taught by a teacher experienced in helping young writers discover and develop their unique voices. This course is offered as a 5-week online class (with a 3-hour session per week). It's open to students aged from 13 to 17.

Upcoming Classes

Start on Tuesday, October 1st

Online, anytime

Price: Registration fee $25, paid once per term

The Syllabus (教学大纲)

The syllabus varies from teacher to teacher, term to term. Many topics will be similar to those covered in the online classes.

Course Components

Note: Content may vary among individual classes.

Squeaky wasn't expected to do much around the house, but she was responsible for looking after her sister Louise, who was intellectually disabled. People in their Harlem neighborhood often made fun of Louise, but Squeaky didn't hesitate to stand up for her. As Squeaky was an incredibly fast runner, she could just run away if things got too heated. In fact, Squeak y won many races she competed in, sometimes losing to her classmate and friend, Gretchen. These days, Squeaky and Gretchen were talking about who of them would win in the coming May Day race.

Squeaky often ran around the neighborhood, training for races and performing breathing exercises, and Louise usually went together. Louise often caused trouble in public, drawing the anger of neighbors to whom Squeaky must apologize. But Squeaky didn't mind as long as Louise didn't interfere (干扰) with her training.

Presently, Squeaky was practicing running in the neighborhood with Louise when she spotted Gretchen running towards them. When they came close, they all stopped. Gretchen looked at Louise in curiosity, which was taken as a provocation by Squeaky, who stepped forward in defense. Gretchen stepped back and smiled kindly.Relieved, Squeaky introduced Louise to Gretchen and explained why she was defensive.

Gretchen laughed, saying she was curious because she was surprised that Louise should be able to run as fast as Squeaky. "Is she also training for the May Day race?" Gretchen asked.

Squeaky's eyes lit up. "Why haven't I ever thought of this?" she thought. Gretchen's words reminded her of an idea she had never thought of. "I decide to quit running and coach Louise instead. I have many awards, but Louise has nothing," she told Gretchen. Gretchen was almost touched to tears by Squeaky's consideration for her sister. "Can I work together with you?" Gretchen asked with enthusiasm. The two friends looked at each other in agreement.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150个左右;

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

The coaching was no easy job.

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May Day finally arrived.

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注意：

1.写作词数应为80个左右;

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Alex,

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Yours,

Li Hua

Beijing will speed up work to protect and make use of cultural relics in its core functional areas. The city aims to promote public access more heritage (遗产) sites along the Beijing Central Axis (轴), was recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2024.

According to the site's office for cultural heritage (apply) and protection, Beijing will take advantage of its unique world heritage resources (enhance) its role as an international exchange center, developing the Central Axis into a space for international events.

Authorities plan to intensify efforts to preserve and display history and culture of the Beijing Central Axis. They intend to promote relevant literary and artistic creation, launch more tailored tourist (route), and enhance urban renewal projects in surrounding areas.

Stretching 7.8 kilometers from Yongding Gate in the south to the Drum and Bell Towers in the north, the Beijing Central Axis was constructed (base) on ancient architectural philosophies to create an ideal layout for a capital city. The Central Axis (date) back to the Yuan Dynasty, while its (long) was extended in the Ming and Qing dynasties.

Following its inclusion on the world heritage list, visits to scenic areas along the Central Axis have increased (significant). Cultural and historical sites remain the cornerstone of Beijing's cultural tourism consumption, with the Beijing Central Axis emerging as a must-visit destination for both domestic and international tourists.

Wicker's love for nature led him to5 the idea of adding cicadas to his diet. He was motivated by the global6 of eating cicadas. He7 on social media to find interested diners, and the response was so8 that he had to stop9 attendees due to the great interest.

For dinner, Wicker10 a menu filled with insect delicacies, presented as hors d'oeuvres (开胃菜). The menu included innovative dishes such as pigs in a blanket with cicada heads and bacon-wrapped cicadas.

The11 from his friends were a mix of curiosity and fear. While some were eager to try the12 dishes, others were more13. Wicker's experiment not only provided a unique dining experience but also offered a new view on the14 between humans and the natural world. It encourages people to15 their comfort zones of food and consider insects as a sustainable and nutritious food source.

A student's working memory processes visual and verbal (口头的) information. Too many posters, regulations, or information sources can overload a student's working memory, making it difficult to focus and process information.

The average preschool is overloaded with labels, lists, and rules, which can decrease children's ability to focus and learn. Decorations are sometimes mistaken for quality. Experts point out that reading and writing performances are particularly affected by levels of stimulation, while math benefits from student-centered and personalized classroom designs. Involving students in designing their learning space can give them a sense of ownership and pride.

The color of the classroom is another critical factor. Red and orange can make students feel nervous, while blue and green are calming. Younger children may respond well to bright colors like yellow, but older students benefit from light shades of blue and green. The International Association of Color Consultants North America emphasizes the importance of appropriate color design for creating conducive (有利的) learning environments and promoting health. Such settings are likely to cause students to become uninterested in learning.

Therefore, teachers should be mindful of the impacts of visual stimuli on their students and work to minimize distractions for better academic performance.

A. It distracts students and negatively impacts their academic performance.

B. Classrooms often become text and picture-rich from early education levels.

C. Teachers should consider featuring student works to promote student worth.

D. Alternatively, colorless and poorly lit classrooms are often considered boring.

E. Classroom environments are intended to stimulate enthusiasm and participation.

F. Overstimulation in the environment increases competition for a student's attention.

G. A combination of bright and light colors benefits academic performance and health.

A study led by Federico Rosson of the University of California includes orangutans, chimpanzees, bonobos, and gorillas in zoos. They carried out a video-based study and identified social interactions that contain a mix of playful and annoying elements. They focused on characteristics such as one-sided provocation (挑衅), surprise, looking at the target's face, and repetition of the behavior.

Despite living in different social structures and environments, all four species of great apes tease one another in similar ways. A teaser might grab another's hand or foot to stop their activity. Sometimes apes hid under objects when teasing, reaching out a hand suddenly to pull someone's hair. Targets tended to ignore teasers or try to gently get them away. Sometimes they responded positively with play, or teasing of their own. Other times they just got up and left.

While doing playful teasing, the teaser has to predict the target's response and adjust their behavior based on how the target is likely to respond. Learning to predict how others will respond is a critical skill for highly social animals.

The study of playful teasing may not be limited to apes. "We suspect that other highly social animals such as parrots, dolphins, elephants, whales, and dogs, may also engage in this behavior," said co-researcher, Isabelle Laumer. To gather more data, researchers have surveyed zookeepers and are collecting stories of animal teasing from around the world.

Scientists from Brigham Young University analyzed 148 studies involving over 300,000 participants and found that satisfying social lives are as beneficial for longevity(长寿)as quitting smoking and may even be more crucial than exercise or losing weight. Social connections can influence health through buffering, where support from others helps us adapt emotionally to challenges, reducing stress-caused hormones that weaken the immune(有免疫力)system.

Rebeca, a professor at Harvard University, adds something to this understanding by pointing out the impact of our beliefs about aging on healthy longevity. Her studies show that old people with positive views of aging are much better able to run daily routines. They're more likely to recover from a disabling injury. Her research also suggests that positive attitudes towards aging offer protection against cognitive(认知的)decline.

Rebeca finds people with a positive view of aging lived an average of 8 years longer than those with a negative one. She explains that beliefs are powerful because people with a positive mindset about aging tend to have a good diet and active lifestyle. They also have lower levels of stress hormones. Rebeca emphasizes that age beliefs can be shifted. In one study, adults who wrote about a healthy older person's life once a week for four weeks showed a significant decline in negative perceptions of aging.

Despite the growing elderly population, negative views about aging have worsened, as is shown by Rebeca's analysis of a 200-year database of over 400 million words. The language used around aging has become more negative and dismissive since the late 1800s.Rebeca argues that labeling aging as a disease ignores the strengths and growth potential in later life.