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When hurricanes left a path of destruction in Puerto Rico, Pennsylvania College of Technology student Natascha G. Santaella felt a variety of painful emotions.

"I spent around six days stressing and having a very hard time with me having all the luxuries I currently do and my family not having any," the Guaynabo, Puerto Rico, resident said. Santaella said that her hometown is without power and water, and people there are scared of what is to come.

To reduce her stress, Santaella, who is studying for an associate degree in baking and pastry arts, immersed(沉浸) herself in what she knows best: baking. "It started out as just baking bread and shipping it to the island to then be dispersed to the people, but I found that was very expensive for me to do alone, so I spoke with Chef Charles Niedermyer, our instructor of baking and pastry arts about a sale of baked goods in the college's Bush Campus Center."

"Natascha is a bright energetic young lady with a big heart,"Niedermyer said. "I was not surprised to find her in my office, looking for ways to help the people of Puerto Rico."

To prepare, Santaella had multiple meetings with Niedermyer, spent hours finalizing recipes, designed signage(标志) and decorations, and got friends to staff the sale table with her. And then there was the baking: Santaella and two friends in the baking and pastry arts major spent six hours baking 90loaves of bread,24 dozen dinner rolls and 30 cheesecakes in a variety of flavors.

During the six-hour sale, Santaella and her friends raised more than $1,000 for United for PuertoRico, an initiative designed to provide aid and support to those affected in Puerto Rico by the passage of Hurricane Irma and Hurricane Maria.

"I hope to mainly increase awareness of what has happened, and to show people that there are Puerto Rican students at this school," Santaella said. "I hope that others had the great experience I had with all my teachers and how understanding they were with me."

There are so many fun events happening in the City Beautiful. Enjoy the sunshine at a market, try an art class or explore the foodie scene. You'll find an ongoing events section for even more ideas.

Harbor Nights Primavera

Time: Friday, April 7   6:30 pm—9:30 pm

Price: $69—$99

Place: Loews Portofino Bay Hotel at Universal Orlando

A lively event on the Harbor Piazza featuring wines, chef-inspired food stations and a live band. It's a truly authentic Italian evening set beside a picturesque harbor that's perfect for a date night or a fun night out with friends.

2023 DIS CON

Time: Saturday, April 15—Sunday, April 16

Price: $55 and up

Place: Disney's Coronado Springs Resort

A one-of-a-kind expo celebrating Disney, Marvel, Pixar, theme parks, and music. On April 17, join a private after-hours party at EPCOT. All proceeds（收入）benefit Give Kids The World Village.

Open House: OneBeat

Time: Friday, April 28   7:30 pm

Price: Tickets starting at $5 donations

Place: Timucua Arts Foundation Orlando

OneBeat brings musicians（ages 19—35）from around the world to a region of the USA for one month each spring and fall to jointly write, produce, and perform original music, and develop strategies for arts-based social engagement. Feel free to bring a bottle of wine.

Annual Charity Cornhole Tournament

Time: Sunday, May 14   11:00 am

Place: Ace Cafe Orlando

Single elimination bracket（淘汰等级）style cornhole tournament at Ace Café in Orlando, FL featuring a $200 cash prize for the first place team and a prize to be determined for the second place. All proceeds will be used exclusively（专门地）to support families in need. The entry fee is a minimum donation of $50 per team.

注意：1. 写作词数应为100左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Smile

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

When it come to the ocean, its pollution is becoming more and more serious. World Ocean Day, fall on June 8th, is aimed at raising aware of preserving the ocean.

The ocean plays a key role in our world. Not only does ocean offered us sufficient food, and it maintains the balance of nature. Thus, it is crucial for us preserve the ocean. First of all, place importance in our daily actions. For example, garbage can't be thrown into the ocean.

What's the more, we can also hand out booklets to call on more people to preserve the ocean. The more people are involved, the good the ocean environment is.

All in all, it is high time that we devoted ourselves to preserving the ocean. To preserve the ocean is to protect ourself.

Bilibili, a (lead) video platform popular among China's younger generation, (announce) on Thursday the phrase of the year on its site to be "You Ya", or "elegant/elegance" when (translate) literally.

Elegant/elegance is often used to praise someone who is stronghearted or resilient, or good at (stay) calm. No matter what the situation is, he or she can maintain a calm and steady mentality.

 (traditional), elegance is often associated with middle — and high-class groups or those with high academic backgrounds. But now, elegance emphasizes the ability controlling and balancing life for ordinary people. Elegance is no longer priority.

Bullet comments, that is, real-time (comment) from viewers fly across the screen like bullets while a video is playing.

Bullet chat (be) a commentary system unique to the Bilibili ecosystem, viewers leave comments that scroll across on-screen content.

The human memory is phenomenally strong. It also has a habit of getting things badly wrong. According to Jonathan Hancock, our memory expert, faulty 1  can be extremely revealing (揭露真相的).

Just last week, for example, my wife and I were 2 how we'd chosen our youngest son's name. I had a 3 memory of us writing out a list of possible names, but stopping after just a few because we'd 4 one we both loved.

My wife disagreed. In her memory, we'd had a much 5 list, and gone back and chosen one from the middle of the 6 . But we found that we'd actually done something completely different to 7 Nate's name.

Memory mistakes happen on a larger scale, too. The "Mandela Effect" is when lots of people have confident recollections (回忆) that turn out to be 8 . It was named by researchers who were discussing their strong memories of Nelson Mandela's death in prison — when he actually lived for 23 years after his 9 .

There are plenty of other 10 of this phenomenon. If you're sure that you remember seeing the Monopoly Man wearing a spyglass, for instance, or hearing a wicked queen say "Mirror, mirror on the wall," you've 11 it yourself, but her real meaning "Magic mirror on the wall".

So what's 12 on? Well, for starters, memory often works by association and similar 13 can overlap (部分重叠) in our brains. We're also good at "filling in the blanks" with details that are 14 but untrue. What's more, whenever we run through a memory, we make it stronger, 15 any bits that were wrong.

But there's plenty of good news here, too.

Everyone misremembers. We shouldn't be too hard on ourselves when we 16 mistakes. The mental associations that sometimes lead to errors can also 17 us to find information which is difficult to locate. If you're 18 with someone's name, please try thinking of things you associate with them.

Discussing your memories is great mental exercise. It 19  strengths and weaknesses, and lets you learn tips from others. Besides, remembering is a creative 20 , during which we are also likely to make mistakes. It was certainly true for my wife and me.

Strategies to Overcome Social Phobia (社交恐惧)

Social phobia is an anxiety disorder characterized by intense fear in social situations. People with social phobia feel paralyzing fear when other people are around, as well as nervousness, anguish, or shyness. As we can see, social phobia is very uncomfortable and limiting for the person who suffers from it, so we must differentiate it from shyness.  

Learn to relax. People with social phobia often have what is known as anticipatory anxiety.  For this we have to learn to relax instead of anticipating the fear of the future situation.

Look for social situations.  If we try to relate outside of our usual circle or look for small situations that require a small interaction, we will see how little by little we will feel more comfortable in them. In this way, when a social event arrives that we want to attend or participate in, we will be better able to be comfortable in it.

Make sure your imagination does not betray you. In the vast majority of cases you are afraid of things that have not happened or are not happening. We have to be especially careful what we think others may be thinking of us.

Be yourself. Social phobia is due, in part, to the conviction that we have to be what is expected of us, in giving a perfect image.  So we do not have to focus so much on what others may think of us, but on feeling comfortable with ourselves without having to be perfect.

A. That is, they worry about the situation before it occurs.

B. Imagination can play tricks on us in social situations.

C. We have to learn to accept ourselves and trust ourselves.

D. Be aware of avoiding any situation without overcoming.

E. Next, we are going to see a series of tips to overcome social phobia.

F. If we constantly avoid social situations out of fear, it is very difficult for us to be able to overcome them.

G. If we are able to ask open questions that require more than one "yes" or "no" for an answer and we focus on the answers.

Beautiful coral reefs (珊瑚礁) in Thai seas have been gradually worsening due to global warming that causes coral bleaching, in addition to certain human activities without proper control and environmental consciousness. Recently, researchers from Thai university Chulalongkom have created 3D-printed coral reefs modeled on the nature of real corals called Innovareef to accelerate the recovery of the coral reef ecosystem. 

Innovareef corals are coated with calcium and phosphate nutrients (钙磷营养物) that corals need to thrive and consist of flat surfaces. The reefs' holes serve as habitats and hiding places for many sea animals. Artificial reefs also make use of hydrodynamics technology to enhance their resistance to tidal forces and ensure that they stay in place. Finally, the PH (level of acidity) of the selected type of cement used for the reefs is close to that of seawater, and the design concept is that of Lego, easily assembled (组装) and disassembled blocks that are easy to transport and fix.

"The Innovareef is not too large. It's light-weighted and can be carried by anyone thus saving transportation costs. You can simply put it at any desired location in the sea and then dive down to put all the units together to complete the Innovareef. Not even five minutes afterward, fish and several ocean creatures start to come in to survey and make it their new habitat, leading to biodiversity around the Innovareef. More importantly, the research data indicates that the settlement and growth rates of planula on the Innovareef are better than those on other artificial reefs,"said Associate Professor Dr. Nantarika Chansue at Chulalongkorn University.

Innovareef is the hope for the effective recovery of natural coral reefs. Now the team is focused on adding more details so that the new structures look more like natural reefs. For the future generations of Innovareef, the team will develop a more specific design for each sea species in the area.

On September 26, 2022, NASA successfully completed its Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission by intentionally crashing an unmanned spacecraft into the asteroid(小行星) Dimorphos. The goal was not to destroy the asteroid but to change its orbit. With the successful mission, NASA proved the concept that this technique could keep a potentially dangerous asteroid from crashing into Earth in the future.

Dimorphos is a small asteroid orbiting the larger asteroid Didymos. NASA noted that Dimorphos is not a threat to Earth, but because it passes relatively close to Earth, it was chosen as the target for the test mission. 

Although the intended crash should change the asteroid's position slightly, it will add to a major shift over time. "If you were going to do this for planetary defense, you would do it 5, 10, 15, or 20 years in advance for this technique to work," said NASA program executive Andrea Riley. "This is why we test. We want to do it now rather than when there's an actual need."

Asteroids can pose a significant threat to planet Earth. For example, around 66 million years ago, an asteroid around 6 to 9 miles across struck the Earth in what is now the Yucatan Peninsula. The resulting impact was so catastrophic(灾难性的) that it caused one of the largest extinction events in Earth's history. Therefore, DART's success is an important step forward in protecting the planet from potential damage from an asteroid. This shows humans are no longer powerless to prevent this type of natural disaster.

The DART spacecraft was launched by NASA on November 24, 2021. It was accompanied by another craft called LICIACube, supplied by the Italian Space Agency, and separated from DART just 15 days before the crash. LICIACube remained in orbit around the asteroid and took photographs of the crash and material ejected(弹出) from the asteroid's surface.

The FIFA World Cup Trophy (奖杯) is arguably one of the most iconic prizes in the sporting world. So far, two different trophies have been used in the history of the FIFA World Cups.

The Jules Rimet Trophy was the first trophy awarded to the winners of the FIFA World Cups. Initially, the old trophy was originally named "Victory". However, this trophy was renamed "the Jules Rimet Trophy" in 1946. This change was made to honor former FIFA president Jules Rimet, who voted to organize the first FIFA World Cup in 1930. French sculptor Abel Lafleur designed the trophy in 1930. The trophy was 14 inches in height and weighed 8.4 pounds. It was comprised of a winged representation of Nike, the Greek Goddess of Victory and was inspired by the Nike of Samothrace statue.

Uruguay became the first champion and kept the trophy in 1930. The trophy was eventually retired when Brazil won the World Cup final for the third time in 1970. Following their success in Mexico, Brazil was allowed to keep the trophy permanently. However, the original trophy was stolen for a second time in 1983. It was never recovered, and it was claimed that it had been melted down into gold bars. Following the retirement of the Jules Rimet Trophy, FIFA needed a new cup. Eventually, Italian artist Silvio Gazzaniga's design was selected as the new World Cup trophy.

The modern FIFA World Cup trophy describes two human figures holding the earth on top of their heads. The base of the trophy has "FIFA World Cup" engraved (刻). Furthermore, following every World Cup, the name of the winning team and the winning year is also engraved at the base. The trophy weighs 13.61 pounds. Unlike the Jules Rimet Trophy, the winning nations and future winners don't get to hold the original trophy anymore. The new regulations state that it remains in FIFA's possession. Instead, winners are given a gold-plated bronze replica (青铜复制品) provided by FIFA.West Germany was the first nation to lift the modern World Cup trophy in 1974.

The new trophy can hold up to seventeen names and years and is likely to be retired following the 2038 World Cup.

China's Cargo Spacecraft Sets New World Record

The Tianzhou 5 cargo spacecraft launched on November 12th docked with the Tiangong space station around noon, setting a world record for the fastest rendezvous and docking operations between the two spacecraft, according to the China Manned Space Agency.

The Tianzhou 5 was placed into a low-Earth orbit by a Long March 7 rocket that blasted off at 10:03 a.m. at the Wenchang Space Launch Center in Hainan Province.

After cargo craft entered the orbit, it traveled two hours and seven minutes to rendezvous (交会对接) with the Tiangong space station and then docked with the massive station at 12:10 p.m., the agency said in a news release.

The maneuvers have become the fastest rendezvous and docking processes for spacecraft, replacing the old record set by the Russian spacecraft Soyuz MS-17 on October 14th, 2020, when it used three hours and three minutes since its liftoff to rendezvous and connect with the International Space Station.

The manned space agency said the fast rendezvous and docking are key to establishing the capability to transport supplies to the space station in an emergency.

The cargo ship is carrying about 5.3 metric tons of materials, including living and mission necessities, scientific equipment as well as a mini experimental satellite. The craft also carries nearly 1.4 tons of propellants for the Tiangong station, the designers said.

My family went on our annual (每年的) summer vacation in a small house on a lake. Every day we kids are busy swimming, fishing and building sand castle on the beach. By the third day of our vacation, however, something caught my attention. I noticed my 10-year-old sister, Kate, always watching videos and looking through online shops indoors. She was so addicted to her cell phone! Over dinner, I asked Kate whether she would like to go hike to the top of the mountain across the lake the following morning, "Maybe you need put your phone away and enjoy the wonderful scenery. It's really amazing. "

"Well," Kate replied unwillingly, "there are some bargains (减价品) tomorrow in several online shops, so I'll not be available tomorrow. "

"You can't miss the fresh air and beautiful views here. Hiking is really fun!"

"I cannot walk so far", she didn't look up from her soup and mumbled (嘟囔), "and it sounds more like punishment than a vacation. "

When I said it only took us half an hour of steady walk to climb to the top, though reluctant, she nodded, "Fine, I'll go. "

The weather was fine as usual with clear skies and gentle winds. After packing, I found Kate walking slowly downstairs and in a very unenthusiastic (不热情的) voice, "Ok, I'm ready to go. Tom"

Anyway, when we stepped out of our house, quite a different view unfolded before our eyes. Sunlight brightened on the glassy surface of the lake. Not far away, a rough path wound to the top of the mountain across the lake with flowers and grass on both sides. We began from the path. 

"Tom, I'm still wondering if it is a good idea to go hiking. " Kate said, frowning (皱眉).

注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。

She followed me but kept some distance, thinking something else. 

……

Reaching the top, Kate widened her eyes, shouting, "How wonderful!"

注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 涵盖所有要点，可适当增加细节，使行文连贯；3. 请在答题卡相应位置作答。

可能用到的词汇：opening ceremony开幕式；Beijing Winter Olympic Village北京冬奥村；figure skating

花样滑冰；speed skating速度滑冰

Traditional Chinese painting is highly regarded all over the world for its theory, (express) and skill. It is also one of oldest continuous artistic traditions in the world. It is known in Chinese guo hua, meaning "national or native painting".

Traditional Chinese painting is done with a brush is dipped in black or coloured ink. The most popular paintings are made of paper and silk. The (finish) work can be put in albums or on walls. 

Traditional Chinese painting has its own special tools, consisting of brushes, ink, xuan paper and so on. Chinese painting can (divide) into figure paintings, landscapes and flower-and-bird paintings according to the subjects. Landscapes, mainly (describe) the natural scenery of mountains and rivers, represent a major type of traditional Chinese painting. 

In the 1980s, Chinese oil painting developed (quick). Then folk painting became popular, such as Chinese New Year pictures. It is put up on doors, room walls and windows (invite) blessings during the New Year. Woodcuts (become) increasingly various in style, theme and artistic form since the 1980s. 

When I lived in China, it was a struggle for me to learn Chinese and adapt to Chinese1 . When I first went to school, I was surprised at the class2 . There were about sixty students in our class. And the students were not so3 as those in the US where we often had open discussions. 

However, it was not a big4 for me because when I went to school, I did not5 anything that the teacher and students said. I6 sat in my seat without7 anything. After I went home, I8 and told my mom that I wanted to go back to my homeland. 

When I calmed down, I9 that I had to study Chinese very hard, but it was very difficult to learn the language. Every day at school, I tried to10 Chinese students and make friends with them. When school was over, I studied Chinese all night using elementary school books. It11 to be a good way for me to learn Chinese. 12 , I began to speak Chinese in school. Finally, I became13 during class and began to make some friends. 14 , I achieved a high grade in the exam and was also able to adapt to Chinese living. 

Now, I like to talk with Chinese friends and I like Chinese food, too. The experience of15 to learn Chinese in China was very valuable for me. I will never forget that time when I learned so much. 

Although taking good notes sounds a time-consuming task, it will benefit you to become a better student in several ways.  Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. Third, note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest. 

You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report.  Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process. 

The following methods may work best for you. 

• Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it. 

• Carefully read the text and watch for words that can show main points and supporting facts. 

• Write your notes in your own words. 

•

• Note any questions or ideas you may have about what was said or written. 

As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand (速记). When you do, be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time. 

A. There are three practical note-taking methods. 

B. You must write your notes on separate paper. 

C. Use some key words, not complete sentences. 

D. Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later. 

E. You will also want to develop your own method for taking notes. 

F. First, the simple act of writing something down helps you understand and remember it better. 

G. That means you have to first decide what is important enough to include in your notes. 

For humans, adapting to (适应) climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help reduce the effects of a warmer world. However, animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour. 

In a study done by Trends in Ecology & Evolution, a team led by Sara Ryding, a PhD at Deakin University, in Australia, shows that is already happening. And climate change is already changing the bodies of many animal species, giving them bigger beaks (鸟喙), limbs and ears. 

In some species of Australian parrot, for example, beak size has increased by between 4% and 10% since 1871. All that is nicely in line with evolutionary theory (进化论). "Allen's rule", named for Joel Asaph Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages (附肢) than those in mild regions.

Such increase in an animal's surface area helps it release (释放) extra heat. For example, being richly gifted with blood vessels, and not covered by feathers, beaks make an ideal place for birds to release heat.

It seems clear that the world of the future is not just going to be hotter than humans are used to. These animals living in it will look different, too. Studying a larger range of animals will help figure out what is exactly happening. Much of Ms Ryding's data is about birds, however, with less information available for other animals.

When most people picture bobsled from the Winter Olympics or from the film "Cool Runnings", they usually see four people, or at least two, energetically pushing a sled and then leaping in before racing down an icy course.

But differently, in monobob, an event making its first Olympic show at the 2022 Beijing Winter Games, one sledder does it all: push, leap and drive, and at this year's Games, every one of the competitors will be a woman.

The event is one of seven additions to the Olympics program for 2022 and the only one of the groups that will be competed only by women. Also being added are freestyle skiing big air jumping events for men and women and a handful of mixed-gender events. 

Monobob, however, may get the most attention. The event was attracting the International Olympic Committee in many ways, but particularly because of its competitive advantages. The cost of entry for the smaller sleds—a monobob might cost about $15,000, while a two-person is about $70,000—and the need for only a single sledder has fair results: Brazil and Jamaica won medals at last season's World Cup and a Cambodian recorded in the top ten.

In addition, all monobob sleds will come from the same producer, which partly weakens the technological advantages that wealthy nations have long enjoyed. In all the years of bobsled at the Games, only Germany, Switzerland, the United States, Canada and Italy have won more than one gold medal. 

English is the most widely spoken language in the world. And of the roughly 1. 5 billion speakers globally, the vast majority speak it as a second language. So where are the world's best non-native English speakers? According to a new report by EF Education First, an international education company, Northern Europeans are the most fluent. Middle Easterners are the least proficient (精通的).

The index (指数) is based on the results of a free online test taken by 2. 3 million volunteers in 100 countries. Nearly six in ten of this year's test-takers were female. Women have always performed better than men, but this year men closed the gap somewhat.

In Europe, the powerhouse economies perform surprisingly badly: only Germany makes the top place of "very high proficiency" countries. France is next, while Spain and Italy are continuously falling behind. A study by a Spanish research institute reported the bad news: 60% of adults say they speak no English at all. The fact that Spanish is a global language in its own right (the language declares 400 million native speakers) is probably the cause. If you speak Danish, you need another language to take part in global culture; speaking French or Spanish (or Arabic) means hundreds of millions of people to talk to without English.

Asia is the region of greatest diversity (多样性). Only Singapore makes the top level, but the Philippines, Malaysia, and India are not far behind. China is further back but still in the second level, a few places ahead of Japan. Struggling in the bottom places are a group of South-East and Central Asian countries like Cambodia and Kyrgyzstan. This relates with another factor: the company repeatedly finds that English skills are highly related with connections and openness to the rest of the world. 

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TOURS IN 2022

Slant of Light: Dutch and Flemish Old Masters in the Netherlands and Belgium, September 2022

Shifting Boundaries: Literature of Morocco, October 2022

Celebrating Life, Death and Rebirth in Mexico, October 2022

TOURS IN 2023

Friend of All That Lives: Ganges River Cruise, January 2023

Renaissance Venice, March 2023

Thinking Space, Drinking Space: Paris Café Culture, May 2023

Tracing Homer's Footsteps in Greece, May 2023

Into the Wild: Gros Morne, Newfoundland, June 2023

Quiet Revolutions: Literature of Quebec, September 2023

Literary Iceland: From Ancient Epic to Modern Novel, September 2023

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