相关试卷

1.具体劳动过程；

2.你的劳动感悟。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Labor Shapes Us

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Electric vehicles are quieter, easier to repair and maintain, and far better for the environment than traditional cars. Still, numbers of EVs on the road are trailing behind the cars they're supposed to replace, in part due to charging times. While fueling a gas car takes minutes, charging an EV can take much longer. The fastest public chargers (Level 3) can charge a battery to 80% in about 20 minutes, but slower and more common Level 2 chargers take hours, and Level 1 chargers at home can take days.

Scientists believe faster charging is possible by advancing battery science and charging technology. The goal is to approach refueling speed without compromising on safety or the long-term life of the battery.

The core challenge is electrochemistry. EV batteries have two electrodes (anode and cathode). During charging, lithium ions must move back to the anode. If they move too quickly, they can get "stuck", reducing efficiency and potentially causing a short circuit or fire. Venkat Srinivasan of Argonne National Laboratory compares this to "getting 100 people into a narrow room" — all trying to pass through one small door. Researchers are exploring new battery chemistries to create multiple microscopic pathways for ions, easing congestion.

Another approach involves smarter charging software. Current charging uses a steady flow of electricity, which slows as the battery fills. By adjusting the current based on the battery's condition — for example, increasing it when the battery is around 30% charged and resistance is low — researchers at Idaho National Laboratory believe charging can be made both faster and safer.

While research aims to replicate the gas-station experience, experts note that ultra-fast charging will mainly serve long trips or emergencies. For daily use, slower charging at home or work will remain the norm. "We drive to get from A to B," says Idaho National Laboratory's Tim Pennington, "not because we like going to the gas station. We don't need a ten-minute charge every day."

A visit became a turning point. Stuck in his village, Zhang noticed something new. The roads were paved, internet signals were strong, and the local government was offering support to those willing to start businesses. The beautiful mountains and fresh air, once taken for granted, now seemed full of potential. An idea began to form: what if he could build a future here, not just make a living there?

Using his savings and a small government grant, Zhang took a daring step. He transformed his family's old, empty house into a modern café, a place where city visitors could enjoy coffee while viewing the terraced fields. At first, neighbors were puzzled. "Who will come to the mountains for coffee?" they asked. Zhang persisted, learning about coffee beans and design online.

Today, "Mountain Cloud Café" is more than a coffee shop. It's a window for his village. Tourists come on weekends, and through his café, they discover and buy local specialties like mountain tea and dried fruits. Zhang has hired two local women, providing them with stable income. More importantly, his success has sparked a conversation. A few other young people, who once thought leaving was the only option, are now asking, "Could I come back too?"

"My dream isn't huge," Zhang says, looking at the lively scene outside. "I just want our home to thrive, so that our children might have a choice to stay." His journey from construction site to café owner paints a picture of modern rural China — one where returning wings bring new life.

I'm a dedicated 4th-grade English teacher, always on the lookout for my students' well-being both inside and outside the classroom. Among my students, Maria stood out, but not in a positive way at first.

Unlike other lively kids in the class, she was always quiet and easily distracted. I noticed she often pressed her hand gently on her stomach, and now and then I could hear a faint gurgling (咕咕的) sound. Occasionally, she would stare blankly at her desk, not responding when I called her name. Sometimes, she'd even doze off (打瞌睡) in the middle of an activity. At first, I assumed it was just typical behavioral issues or a lack of attention span. I tried different teaching strategies, moving her to the front of the class, giving her more individual tasks, but nothing seemed to work.

One day, during a routine check-in with our school counselor (辅导员), Ms Rivera, who assisted students with their psychological and social development, I mentioned Maria's strange behavior. Ms Rivera listened carefully and nodded thoughtfully. "Sometimes when a student acts like that," she said, "there might be something going on at home. How about reaching out to her parents to see if everything's okay?" Her words struck me. I realized I had been so focused on fixing Maria's behavior in the classroom that I hadn't stopped to consider what might be happening outside of it. After our conversation, I set out to look into it further.

It turned out that Maria's family was going through a severe financial crisis. Her parents had both lost their jobs recently, and the family was struggling to make ends meet. Maria wasn't eating breakfast at home because there wasn't enough food, and she was too embarrassed to ask for the free lunch program at school. She was, in fact, starving all day sometimes, which explained her constant distraction and tiredness.

注意：

（1）续写词数应为150个左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

I decided to have a talk with Maria and help her ask for free lunch.

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Within just two weeks, the change in Maria was remarkable.

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（1）你的选择；

（2）说明理由。

注意：

（1）写作词数应为80个左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Peter,

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Yours,

Li Hua

Cultural heritage protection is entering a new era. As digitalization (increasing) integrates with economic and social development, new technologies are reshaping traditional ways of life, (open) fresh pathways for cultural heritage protection and transmission.

At the 2025 Beijing Culture Forum held last year, experts and practitioners from China and abroad (highlight) how artificial intelligence (AI), big data immersive digital tools were breathing new life into cultural heritage.

AI has been used to decode fragmentary (不完整的) relics unearthed at the Sanxingdui Ruins and piece them together into complete artifacts. Deep learning systems are helping scholars match oracle bone (甲骨) fragments from the Yin Ruins, allowing the inscriptions (刻写的字) (speak) again. This trend is speeding up in China, in museums are embracing digitization and smart technologies to enhance (preserve) of cultural heritage.

The deputy director of the Palace Museum in Beijing said the museum houses more than 1.95 million cultural relics, counted by item or set. "Based previous collection work, we plan to spend 10 to 20 years completing data collection of the remaining artifacts. After collection, we will share this information with the public," he revealed.

Today, the Palace Museum's growing digital database (power) by AI-driven knowledge graphs and other technologies, enabling (intelligence) searches. Visitors can now explore the museum's treasures and scenery across seasons, weather and time of day via just a screen.

More than a week after1 a heart attack behind the wheel, Nimmo was reunited with Dr Idowu, the2 who helped save his life after his vehicle crashed on a busy roadway in Roswell, Georgia. By chance, Dr Idowu was nearby and3 the crash.

As Nimmo waited to meet the man who helped save him, he said the4 had been on his mind ever since the accident. "I5 the days," Nimmo shared. "I couldn't wait to meet him." When the two finally6, the scene was deeply moving. Dr Idowu said he7 did what he felt was8 — immediately performing CPR on Nimmo while waiting for the first9 to arrive. Once Nimmo had recovered enough, Idowu even took a moment to listen to his10 himself — a small but powerful reminder of how close the situation had been.

For Nimmo, the experience has11 changed how he views life and the holidays ahead. "This Thanksgiving feels like a12," he said, adding that every holiday from now on feels especially meaningful. "Every Thanksgiving, every Christmas — they'll all be because of you." Despite the13, Dr Idowu was quick to14 that many people played a role that day. He15 everyone involved — from bystanders and police officers to hospital staff. "All of it came together in his favor," Idowu said.

I began to notice small things. Why did I prefer studying in the library corner near the window? What made group study sometimes effective and sometimes noisy? After thinking carefully, I settled on a simple question: Does background music help or hold back homework efficiency? This was my first lesson: Choose a question I truly want to answer.

Next, I needed a plan. I felt overwhelmed until I broke it down. I decided to experiment on myself for two weeks: one week with soft instrumental music, and one week in complete silence. I also designed a short survey for my classmates. Making a clear, simple plan turns anxiety into action.

The real challenge came during the execution (执行). My self-observation was easy, but analyzing the results was confusing. After analysis, I found that the survey responses were mixed, and the results weren't what I had expected. Then, I remembered that research is about understanding, not just proving a point. So, I looked for patterns instead of a single answer. I prepared to learn from unexpected data, not just to confirm my guess.

I made two simple graphs about my focus and classmates' music preferences. I saw music helped me with repetitive tasks but not with reading, and that preferences varied widely — showing no universal answer, only personal patterns. Presenting these findings taught me research is less about definitive truths and more about methodical exploration. It improved my ability to observe, plan, adapt, and communicate. Ultimately, the process itself is the real lesson. You can start your own research today by picking a small, curious question from daily life and following it step by step.

A. Finally, I turned to Mr Lee.

B. I almost thought my project was a failure.

C. My personal interest is the best motivation.

D. I tracked my focus time and task completion.

E. Later, Mr Lee suggested I picture my confusing data.

F. I had to give up the project I was doing at that moment.

G. The word "research" itself sounded too serious and distant.

The study exposed 49 bats to a series of ringtones that attracted their attention, and trained them to associate flying toward just one of the tones with a reward: a baitfish (饵鱼) snack.

In the first stage, individual frog-eating bats captured for a series of recognition tests were exposed to a highly captivating sound in the lab: the call of the male túngara frog, one of the bats' preferred prey (猎物). Flying to that sound was rewarded with a piece of baitfish placed on the net above the speaker.

Over time, the sound was mixed with and gradually replaced by a ringtone, but the reward was the same. Researchers then introduced three other ringtones, none of which was connected to a food reward. Bats were trained to tell the differences and eventually no longer flew toward the unrewarded sounds. Each bat secured at least 40 snacks by flying to the trained ringtone over 11 to 27 days. All bats were microchipped and returned to the wild.

Beginning a year later and for three additional years, eight of those bats were recaptured and exposed again to the food-related ringtone. All of them flew toward the sound, and six flew all the way to the speaker and grabbed the food reward, meaning they expected to find food. Control bats without previous training on the sounds were unmoved by the exposure to the unfamiliar tones.

"I was surprised. Four years strikes me as a long time to hold on to a sound that you might never hear again. The study taught us a lot. Trying to figure out how animals use learning and memory is one way to figure out how they're going to make it in a life full of change in the modern world," said lead author May Dixon.

In the experiments, 30 volunteers used a machine that imitated (模仿) car driving, in which they were made to feel carsick while wearing an electroencephalograph (EEG) cap. This allowed researchers to "read" the volunteers' brain activity in real time, as it changed from a stable state to one of carsickness, and gradually back again. Volunteers were divided into six groups. Four groups listened to a minute of music after the sick-making drive; one group listened to no music after the drive, and instead spend one minute meditating (冥想), that is, staying calm and focusing on their breathing; and one ended the drive right before volunteers were expected to feel discomfort.

The researchers found that joyful music reduced symptoms of carsickness by 14% compared to the group that meditated. Soft music was the next best type. It reduced symptoms by 13.4% compared to the meditation controls. It's difficult to evaluate how significant these changes are, as the current experiments were grounded in a small group of people with limited statistical power. Even so, the results have found music can be powerful — changing the way we feel, for better or worse.

Previous studies have also shown that a favorite music can reduce symptoms of visually caused carsickness or "cybersickness" from virtual reality devices. But while some research suggests that sad music can improve mood and make us feel good, it's possible that in some situations, it can have the opposite effect. Sad music may worsen discomfort through emotional connection, the authors suggest. In contrast, cheerful or relaxing music may help volunteers maintain a good physical state, thus improving their comfort.

There are around 1,800 homeless people in his city and that number is rising. Zebian wants to help end homelessness, and he's also concerned about home prices in general and how they will continue to impact housing in the future. "Essentially, what I'm trying to do is bring a home to the public that could be built in one day, is affordable, and still carries some architecturally striking features," said Zebian. "We don't want to be bringing a house to Canadians that is just boxy and that not much thought was put into."

So, he went to the drawing board and designed a modular home that can reportedly be assembled in just one day. The home is made of fiberglass panels and PET foam (泡沫). He said these choices were made because they can provide solid structural support. "For our roofing system, we're actually using a PET foam core that helps keep the temperature stable inside and supports the structure and structural integrity of the roof," said Zebian.

Zebian's current prototype (模型) measures 8 feet by 5 feet by 8 feet. But his design process didn't end with a prototype. The young innovator plans to live in one of his modular homes for a full year beginning in May 2026. The goal is to work out any and all issues before actually taking the design to manufacturers. He wants to prove his invention can actually be used to help people facing homelessness.

Lily and I were huge Harry Potter fans. Since third grade, we had spent our lunch breaks pretending to fly on paper broomsticks (扫帚) and dreaming about receiving our own acceptance letters from Hogwarts. So when Lily showed me her most treasured book — a first-edition copy of Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone passed down from her aunt — my eyes widened in amazement. It wasn't just a book. It was a passport to our magical world.

After weeks of begging, she finally agreed to lend it to me. "Please be careful with it," she said as she handed it over.

I held it tightly against my chest and promised, "I'll guard it with my life!"

But that promise lasted only three hours.

On my way home, I held the book close, protecting it from the rain with my umbrella. Suddenly, a car drove through a puddle (水坑) nearby. I jumped back in surprise, and the book slipped from my hands. It fell right into the muddy water. I grabbed it immediately, my heart racing. The beautiful cover was now spotted with mud. When I opened it, my stomach dropped. There, on our favorite picture of Harry flying on his broomstick, was a tear running right through his broom.

That night, I couldn't sleep. I kept staring at the damaged page, feeling terrible. Part of me wanted to lie and blame a runaway dog. Maybe Lily would believe me. But deep down, I knew that running away from my mistake wouldn't make it disappear — not the tear in the book, and not the guilt in my heart.

So I decided to fix the book the way Lily would like: with a bit of magic. What if the tear wasn't just a tear, but a line of shining light? I pulled out my toolbox, found a gold pen, and took out some Harry Potter stickers I had been saving for years. My eyes landed on one particular sticker — a broomstick with wings. What if that broomstick had been flying beside Harry all along?

注意：

（1）续写词数应为150左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

With these ideas in mind, I opened the book to the damaged page.

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The next morning, I walked up to Lily with the book in my hands.

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（1）它的样貌；

（2）它的功能。

注意：

（1）写作词数应为80左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

My Ideal AI Learning Partner

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Located in the historic Dashilan area of Beijing's Qianmen district, the Daguanlou Cinema is one of the earliest cinemas in China and is celebrated the birthplace of Chinese film, representing the lasting legacy (遗产) of cinematic art and modern (innovate).

In 1905, Ren Qingtai, owner of Fengtai Photo Studio, invited Peking Opera master Tan Xinpei to star in an opera movie (name) Dingjun Mountain. Classic scenes like "Requesting Orders," "Swordplay," and "Battle"  (film) as silent movie parts. These were first shown at the then-called Daguanlou Theater on December 28, 1905, (mark) the beginning of Chinese cinema's journey.

Today, the Daguanlou Theater has evolved (演变) into the Daguanlou Cinema, ground floor hosts a living museum, displaying stills from Dingjun Mountain, classic posters, and historical film projectors. Walking through, visitors can (direct) experience the century-old story of Chinese cinema.

In recent years, beyond developing film-related products, it (establish) strong ties with the Dashilan area, emerging as a dynamic model for cultural tourism that attracts many domestic and overseas tourists with its  (character) mix of movie screenings, shopping, and tea appreciation.

The cinema's fusion (融合) of the old and the new offers unique experience, attracting young audiences seeking a connection with the past while enjoying modern comfort.

This moment6 me deeply. I wondered why I made my child cry just over a7. I wondered since when I had become such a serious person. Growing up with two big brothers, I learned to8 to earn my place at home from an early age. Later, in my9, I carried that fighting spirit into business deals. But at home, I was10 how to be gentle and understanding. Even in a simple game, I was treating it like a real 11. I had been so used to the work mode that I didn't realize I was bringing it into family life.

That night, I understood that I needed to12. I had been so caught up in work that I forgot to 13 when I was with my family. Life wasn't a business deal — it was about connection, warmth, and14. From then on, I promised myself to leave my work behind, be more patient, and enjoy the15 moments with my children.

First, plastic bottles are collected, sorted, and cleaned. After cleaning, they are cut, melted into liquid, and stretched into thin fibers. These fibers are then spun into yarn (纱线), which can be woven into different kinds of fabric. Finally, the fabric goes through finishing processes such as printing or coating to achieve the desired color, pattern, and performance.

Some people assume that clothing made from "waste" must be cheap or low-quality. It is true that plastic-based fabrics can be less breathable and may feel rough for people with sensitive skin. According to a Textile (纺织品) Exchange report, the use of rPET grew by 20% between 2020 and 2021, and made up about 14% of all global polyester production in 2022. This growth comes from rising awareness of both its practical advantages and its environmental value.

In terms of performance, rPET is strong, durable, and quick-drying — qualities that make it ideal for sportswear.  Beyond performance, rPET supports the environment. Producing it uses 99% less water than producing traditional polyester, an important benefit for water-stressed regions involved in textile manufacturing. It also helps reduce waste. About 25 rPET bottles can be turned into the fibers for one jacket.

rPET is not a perfect solution to plastic pollution, but it is a meaningful step toward more sustainable fashion and a cleaner planet.

A. It is also lightweight and wrinkle-resistant.

B. However, market trends tell a different story.

C. The transformation happens through several steps.

D. This keeps millions of plastic bottles out of landfills each year.

E. Recycling rPET fabric back into new fabric can be challenging.

F. While it is safe to wear, it releases microplastics when it is washed.

G. Unlike traditional polyester made from petrol, rPET uses existing plastic.

This advancement responds directly to the persistent problems associated with traditional farming. Decades of heavy reliance on chemical herbicides (除草剂) have caused significant environmental harm, including soil degradation and water pollution. For China, a nation with vast agricultural lands, finding a sustainable solution is a matter of particular urgency.

So, how does this "robot farmer" work? At its core, it combines artificial intelligence with advanced light technology. Its AI-powered visual system, trained on a vast database of plant images, acts as a smart "eye" that can distinguish weeds from crops in milliseconds. Once a weed is spotted, the robot delivers a precise laser beam (激光束) to each weed's growth center, destroying key cells and causing the plant to die naturally, all without harming the surrounding crops or the soil.

The advantages of this approach are substantial. In terms of efficiency, an advanced model equipped with 32 laser heads can destroy up to 320,000 weeds per hour, which is four to eight times more efficient than traditional methods. Through continuous operation, it achieves a weed control rate of over 95%, far outperforming hand weeding and obviating the need for this back-breaking task. Ecologically, it significantly reduces the use of chemicals, thereby cutting off a primary source of agricultural pollution.

The introduction of this technology is part of a broader shift toward automated and sustainable agriculture in China and abroad. As farms worldwide seek to enhance efficiency while minimizing environmental impact, robotic solutions like the Hg LaserWeeder are likely to become increasingly common. This technology signals a move toward precision agriculture, where data-driven tools enable farmers to manage their crops with greater accuracy and less dependence on chemicals, pointing the way for a cleaner, more efficient future for farming.

People with this cognitive (认知的) bias tend to believe they are far more capable than they really are. Because they know little about a subject, they often mistake their limited understanding for real competence and remain unaware of how much they do not know.

This idea was first examined by psychologists David Dunning and Justin Kruger. In a series of experiments, participants were asked to complete tests involving grammar, logical reasoning, and humor. After finishing the tasks, they were asked to estimate how well they had performed. To the researchers' surprise, participants who scored in the lowest group consistently rated their performance much higher than it actually was. For example, those in the bottom 12% often believed they had performed above average. In contrast, participants who achieved high scores tended to underestimate their performance.

According to researchers, this pattern can be explained by a "dual burden." The skills needed to perform a task well are also required to judge one's own performance. When people lack these skills, they not only make more mistakes but also fail to assess their performance accurately.

The Dunning-Kruger effect has important real-world consequences, as it discourages individuals from seeking feedback or further study. To overcome this, one must understand that true confidence is built on accurate self-awareness. It is developed through continuous learning, actively seeking constructive criticism, and, most crucially, by grounding self-assessment in measurable standards, such as test scores, recorded progress, or expert feedback, rather than merely relying on subjective feelings. This practice not only clarifies what one knows but also sharpens one's ability to judge that knowledge.

To that end, Gibson uses his training in therapeutic horticulture (疗愈园艺) to serve communities. He is known for his distinctive style, based on what he calls the "Gibson method," which has five elements: storytelling; geometry for balance and harmony; a special tree-trimming technique that shapes trees; visual effects for striking appearances; and directional trimming, which smooths the surface like brushing hair.

Depending on the plant variety and location, a single tree can take 5 to 10 hours to complete, while larger projects may take 20 to 30 hours and need to be maintained two or three times a year. At home in South Carolina, he retrims his topiaries every six to eight weeks, and a design can take years to fully develop.

Gibson started developing his signature method early in life. His mother, a beautician, taught him to cut hair, and his artist father introduced him to the fundamentals of art —   geometric shapes, proportional faces, and 3D images. After years of practice in the yard, he turned topiary into a side job while doing other work. Gradually, clients and neighbors noticed his vision, and by 2021 he transformed it into a full-time career, focusing on and continuing to refine his topiary art.

Gibson is now creating a therapeutic sensory garden. He hopes it will be a place both children and adults keep returning to, while teaching them lessons in horticulture they can apply in everyday life. "When we're throwing away dead wood and branches we don't need anymore, think of those as bad habits," he said. "You need to cut off the bad habits so they don't affect your design later. That's a life lesson."