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Moments ago, a seal was resting on a piece of floating ice deep in an Antarctic channel. Then three hungry killer whales appeared. When the seal noticed them, it was already surrounded.

On this sheet of sea ice, the nearly thousand-pound sea l would be unreachable for most of his enemies in nature. But these killer whales had mastered a hunting technique called wave washing: working together to turn water into a weapon.

Having identified their target, the killer whales formed a battle line and started rushing toward the ice. Just before reaching it, they rolled to their sides in a single, synchronized(同步的)motion. The wave they created was so powerful that it flooded the ice sheet and washed the frightened seal close to the edge of the ice sheet. Slowly and methodically, they repeated the attack. At the third time, the wave sent the helpless seal flying into the sea. It struggled to climb onto a piece of ice, but then disappeared from view...

"The level of intelligence that went into making each wave was staggering. They solved the problem with very complex teamwork. They used water as a tool," said wildlife filmmaker Bertie Gregory, who had spent a decade tracking those killer whales, known as Bls. "I rarely saw failed hunts. This behavior was not what they were born with. It was learned and mastered over decades. Every time they made waves, it almost felt like more of a teaching experience than hunting. It was terrifying to watch."

But as Antarctica warms and sea ice disappears, seals are increasingly staying on land, out of killer whales' reach.

"I've found Bls are losing about 5 percent of their population every year. Whether this subgroup will go extinct or just adapt their behavior, I don't know," said Gregory. "But with fewer opportunities for the killer whales to wave wash, I'm seeing an extinction of a culture."

The University of Greenwich Tours

Take a tour of our campuses and find out from our students what it's like to live and study at the University of Greenwich (GU).

Greenwich Campus Tour

Greenwich is a world heritage (遗产) site, where our guides will take you from our brand-new Dreadnought building, through the antique Queen Anne and King William buildings. On the way, you will pass the recently redecorated Painted Hall as well as the Greenwich town center.

Avery Hill Campus Tour

Our Avery Hill Campus covers the Southwood site. This ancient Victorian site houses teaching and library facilities, student accommodation, the students' union and sports facilities. Our student guides will show you all the key characteristics of Southwood site, and also give you a tour of our Skills Labs.

Medway Campus Tour

Dating from 1903, the Medway Campus is located near Chatham Historic Dockyard in Kent. Self-guided tours include the teaching and learning facilities as well as the impressive student accommodation. The campus features a mix of social and leisure facilities, including our Students' Union Hub, a restaurant in Pembroke building.

Maritime Campus Tour

Explore the historic Maritime Campus and discover its rich maritime history. Our knowledgeable guides will show you around the campus. The tour will include a visit to the beautifully restored Old Royal Naval College, where you can learn about its fascinating history and stunning architecture.

Are you looking forward to having a tour? Click here and book one now. Welcome!

On a Friday night, a poor young artist named Anthony Perry stood at the gate of the New York railway station, playing his violin. The violinist was a student at an arts college and had planned to attend advanced studies in Vienna. He needed money to pay the tuition, so he played the violin at the railway station every day to make money. The music was so great that many people stopped to put some money into the hat of the young man.

The next day, Anthony came to the same place, and put his hat on the ground gracefully. Different from the day before, he took out a large piece of paper and laid it under his hat. Then he began to play the violin. It sounded more pleasant than ever.

Soon he was surrounded by people who were attracted by the words on that paper. It said, "Last night, a gentleman named George Sang put an important thing into my hat by mistake. Please come to get it soon."

After about half an hour, a middle-aged man rushed through the crowd to the violinist and said, "Yes, it's you. I knew that you were an honest man and would certainly come here." The young violinist asked calmly, "Are you Mr George Sang?" The man nodded. The violinist asked, "Did you lose something?" "It's a lottery ticket (彩票)," said the man. .

注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Anthony took out a lottery ticket and George Sang's name was seen on it. 

Anthony's good deed was posted on social media and went viral. 

假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Jim对中国的美食很感兴趣，他尤其喜欢中国的水饺，特地写信向你咨询如何包水饺，请你用英语给他写一封回信，内容包括：1. 详述水饺制作的过程；2. 期待回复。

注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Jim,

Yours,

Li Hua

Chinese martial arts (武术), African tribal dances, and Brazil's Samba set off waves of (applaud) from the audience in mid-October. The 8th International Festival of Intangible Cultural Heritage was held Chengdu, the capital of southwestern China's Sichuan province.

The five-day event brought together around 6,000 performers  engaged in more than 900 performances of intangible cultural heritage from 47 countries and  (region).

It was co-hosted by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, the Sichuan government and the National Commission of the People's Republic of China for UNESCO, and aimed (show) China's efforts to implement the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage and promote (tradition) Chinese culture.

Five exhibitions,  (include) those featuring intangible cultural heritage in modern life, and international craftsmanship,  (stage) to expose the public to the cultural charm, and thus promote the inheritance of heritage.

"The framework of the convention (full) recognizes the significance of intangible cultural heritage in empowering and ensuring sustainable development," Shahbaz Khan, representative of UNESCO Multi-sectoral Regional Office for East Asia, said as he addressed the forum via video.

It feels like every time my mother and I start to have a conversation, it turns into a(n) 1 . We talk about something as simple as dinner plans and suddenly my mother will push the 2 into the Third World War. She'll talk about my lack of a bright future because I don't plan to be a doctor. And much to her 3 , I don't want to do any job related to science, 4 . In fact, when I said that I planned to 5 in English, she nearly had a heart attack.

"Why can't you be like my co-worker's son?" she shouts all the time. Her co-worker's son 6 a four-year scholarship and is now 7 70,000 dollars a year as an engineer. I don't know what to say except that I simply can't be like Mr. Perfect as I've called the unnamed co-worker's son. I can't be like him.

I understand why my mother is 8 about my future major. I've seen my mother 9 to raise me on her small 10 and work long hours. She leaves the house around 6:30 am and usually comes back home around 6:00 pm or even 7:00 pm. 11 as she is, she still cooks supper for me and then does other housework 12 late into the night. Additionally, she never wears fancy clothes and expensive jewelry.

I am fully 13 that what my mother has done is out of her deep love for me. However, I want her to know that by becoming a(n) 14 , it doesn't mean I'll be successful. I'd rather 15 my dreams and create my own future.

Chinese is one of the world's most widely spoken languages. As one of the six official languages used by the United Nations, Chinese now has gained itself greater status (地位) in the world. Chinese is interesting and special. Unlike most other languages, Chinese has a written form and several spoken forms.

Mandarin (普通话) is a statement in China. Mandarin is shaped and based on the Beijing dialect and other dialects spoken in the northern areas of China. Mandarin is taught in schools throughout the country. The media, officials, and the government use Mandarin as their main language. When you type in Chinese, you use a phonetic system, called pinyin, which matches the Mandarin pronunciation. Mandarin is used as a mother tongue by most people who are about one fifth of the world's population. Chinese once had a very great influence on some neighboring countries with their languages and characters, such as Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese and so on.

Nowadays, with the development of China, Chinese people not only speak Chinese, but also learn other languages, such as English.  Many Chinese people can speak basic English, especially the youth, students, and staff of service trades like hotels, restaurants, airlines, banks and post offices.  The language communication now is not a problem at all for those who wish to come to China.

Now Chinese is becoming more and more popular. As long as you know Chinese, you'll also be fine anywhere in China.

A. The official language of China is the Mandarin.

B. The more words you know, the faster this will happen.

C. It is the common language of all modern Han nationality people.

D. Pinyin is a system used for writing Mandarin Chinese using the Roman alphabet

E. English is a required course and universal education in China and has great popularity.

F. In large cities, there are more people who can communicate with foreigners in English.

G. In addition to China, Mandarin is an official language in several other countries in Asia.

New discoveries and technological breakthroughs are made every year. Yet, as the information industry moves forward, many people in society are looking back to their roots in terms of the way they eat. A "locavore" movement has emerged in the United States. The movement supports eating foods grown locally and sustainably, rather than prepackaged foods shipped from other parts of the world.

Experts hold that eating local has many merits, and is expected to become a trend featuring sustainability. Erin Barnett is the director of Local Harvest, a company that aims to help connect people to farms in their area. By eating local, she argues, people have a better and more personal understanding of the impact their food consumption has on the rest of the world. "There is a way of connecting the point, where eating locally is an act that raises our awareness of sustainable living," Barnett says.

The United States' agricultural output is one of the highest in the world, says Timothy Beach, a professor of geography and geoscience at the University of Texas in Austin, Texas. "There's just no other place on Earth where the amount of input is so productive," Beach says of American agriculture. "Nobody can cut off the food we need."

However, the US food system is not sustainable because of its dependency on fossil (化石) fuels, says Beach. Equipment used on "extremely productive" farms is quickly consuming Earth's natural resources, particularly oil. Additionally, the production of agricultural supplements (补充剂)，such as fertilizer, uses large amounts of energy.

The world has used close to half of the global oil supply, Beach says, and the second half will be consumed at an even faster rate because of the growing population and economic development. Although many businesses are experimenting with wind, solar, and biofuel, Beach says there's nothing that we see on the horizon that can replace it. "There is no way on Earth we are using fossil fuels sustainably. Then we have to reconsider the impact of eating local," he says.

When ancient Egyptians put pen to paper—or, more accurately, ink to papyrus (纸莎草纸) —they took steps to ensure that their words would last forever, a new study suggests. Researchers from the University of Copenhagen have found that ancient scribes (抄写员) likely added lead to their inks to help their writing dry. More than 1,000 years later, reports Cosmos Magazine, 15th-century European artists employed lead as well. According to the London National Gallery, lead-based pigments found in many Old Master paintings are "known to aid the drying of paint films."

According to a statement from the University of Copenhagen, the study's authors analyzed 12 papyrus pieces dating back to between 100 and 200 C.E., when Egypt was under Roman control. The team used X-ray microscope to determine the raw materials used in different inks, as well as the chemical structure of the dried ink attached to the ancient paper. Ancient Egyptians began writing with ink—made by burning wood or oil and mixing the resulting material with water—around 3200 B.C. Typically, scribes used black, carbon-based ink for the body of text and reserved red ink for headings and other key words in the text. Though black and red inks were most common, shades of blue, green, white and yellow also appeared in ancient texts.

The researchers write that the Egyptians created red inks with iron-based combinations—most likely natural earth pigments. The team also identified the presence of lead. They were bowled over that there was no lead white or other combinations that would typically be present in a lead-based pigment. Instead, the ancient ink's lead pigments appeared to wrap around the papyrus cell walls and iron particles (微粒). The resulting effect looked "as if the letters were outlined" in lead. This finding indicates that the ancient Egyptians invented a system of adding lead to red and black inks specifically for the purpose of sticking the words to paper.

The 12 analyzed papyrus pieces are part of the University of Copenhagen's Papyrus Carlsberg Collection. The documents originated in Tebtunis, the only large-scale institutional library known to have survived from ancient Egyptian times.

John von Neumann was the oldest of 3 children of a banker, and his speed of learning new ideas and solving problems stood out early. At 17, his father tried to persuade him not to become a mathematician because he might lead a poor life being a mathematician, so von Neumann agreed to study chemistry as well. In 1926, at 23, he received a degree in chemical engineering and a Ph.D in mathematics. From then on, mathematics provided well enough for him, and he never had to turn to chemistry.

In 1930, von Neumann visited Princeton University for a year and then became a professor there. His first book was published in 1932. In 1933, the Institute for Advanced Study was formed, and he became one of the 6 full-time people in the School of Mathematics (Einstein was one of the others).

World War Ⅱ hugely changed von Neumann's areas of interest. Until 1940 he had been a great pure mathematician. During and after the war, he became one of the best mathematicians who put mathematical theories into practice. During the last part of the war he became interested in computing machines and made several fundamental contributions. After the war, von Neumann continued his work with computers, and was generally very active in government service. He received many awards, was president of the American Mathematical Society and was a member of the Atomic Energy Commission. He died of cancer in 1957.

Von Neumann made several great contributions and any one of them would have been enough to earn him a firm place in history. He will be remembered as one of the greatest minds of the 20th century.

Von Neumann really was a legend in his own time, and there are a number of stories about him. His driving ability is a part of his legend. He reported one accident this way: "I was driving down the road. The trees on the right were passing me in an orderly fashion at 60 miles per hour. Suddenly one of them stepped in my path."