相关试卷

Society tells us that you can't teach an old dog new tricks. But it doesn't have to be that way. A new study published in Human Development points out that using a childlike way of learning can help people of any age take on and deal with new difficult tasks. .

Venture (冒险) outside your comfort zone. As adults, we tend to use similar skills day in and day out: We take jobs in fields we're already good at, drive on the same roads to the same places, and fall into routines we're comfortable with. Changing to something more difficult may have more cognitive benefits.

A fear of making mistakes is another reason why adults are so slow to learn new things; if we try and fail, we can face criticism, lose money, or get fired. That's why it's important to build up a support network of people — at work and at home — who allow you to make mistakes and learn from them.

Make a serious commitment and don't give up. If you can afford it, spending money on a new goal — for example, booking a trip to Rome to practice your Italian — might also make it harder to just give up.

Learn more than one thing at once. We tend to pay attention to one hobby or one skill. But dividing that time and energy into three or four areas will stretch your brain in all different directions.  For example, maybe you started learning a new language last year, and this year you add singing lessons, and next year you try something else. You can add things gradually to what you can handle.

A．Turn to your friends and family.

B．The following ways will do the trick.

C．Surround yourself with encouraging people and no fear for mistakes.

D．Telling friends about your new goal can help keep you motivated.

E．But all this similar routine limits the parts of the brain that we're using regularly.

F．That doesn't mean you should start all the new hobbies all at once, though.

G．So feeling comfortable can reduce stress and make you happier and more productive.

When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesn't sit quietly. Back in 1983,two scientists,Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reported that young maple trees (枫树) getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm. What the plants send through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds,VOCs for short. 

Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked. It's a plant's way of crying out. But is anyone listening? Obviously. Because we can watch the neighbors react. 

Some plants give out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others do double duty. They give out smells designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers. Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker who was launching now becomes lunch. 

In study after study, it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors. The damage is usually more serious on the first plant, but the neighbors, relatively speaking,stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do. 

Does this mean that plants talk-to-each-other? Scientists don't know. Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so in effect,was talking to itself. Perhaps the neighbors just happened to "overhear" the cry. So information was exchanged,but it wasn't a true, intentional back and forth.

Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago,imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate (亲密的) than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There's a whole lot going on.

Americans like to visit the national parks. In 1996, over 250,000,000 people visited areas which are managed by the National Park Service. Experts say that by 2012, 500,000,000 people per year will visit the parks. As a result, people are trying to think of ways to protect the parks from the crowds.

The crowding of the parks has caused several problems. One is that there is not enough space for all of the people who want to use the parks. To deal with this problem, you may have to book your tickets a few months ahead of time. The Park Service may also raise entrance fees (费) .

Another problem caused by increased park use is pollution. Some garbage and waste can be cleaned up, and the cleanup can be paid for by increased entrance fees. To cut down on noise pollution and air pollution, the number of cars allowed in parks may be limited. If this happens, people may use buses to travel around the parks. Officials may also limit the use of jet-skis, snow- mobiles, motor-boats, and sightseeing helicopters and planes.

The parks may also be in danger because of development that is going on around them. For example, around Yellow Stone Park, many hotels, golf courses, resorts, and other tourist attractions have been built. Some of these developments have effect on areas that are used by animals. People will have to learn to agree about ways to protect the parks. If they do not, there will soon be no reason to visit these national treasures.

Researchers say current exercise guidelines are unrealistic and argue that doctors should sometimes advise small increases in activity instead. They warn the 150-minute weekly target is beyond the reach of some people — particularly older individuals. And striving to reach these goals could mean the benefits of lighter exercise are overlooked. But public health officials say current recommendations have proven benefits in lowering the risk of heart disease.

There is increasing evidence that inactivity is linked to heart disease, Type 2 diabetes(糖尿病) and some types of cancer. UK guidelines for adults recommend at least two-and-a-half hours of moderate activity a week, in short periods of 10 minutes or more.

But in two separate articles in the BMJ, experts argue the message needs to change, with greater emphasis on making inactive people move more. Prof Philipe de Souto Barreto at the University Hospital of Toulouse, advises people who are sedentary(久坐的) to make small incremental increases in their activity levels — rather than pushing to achieve current goals. He points to previous studies which show even short periods of walking or just 20 minutes of vigorous activity a few times a month can reduce the risk of death, compared to people who do no exercise.

In the second article, Prof Phillip Sparking of the Georgia Institute of Technology, says doctors should tailor their advice — particularly for older patients. He suggests using GP visits for people over 60 to discuss "realistic options" to increase activity — such as getting people to stand up and move during TV commercial breaks.

Prof Kevin Fenton at Public Health England, says: "Everyone needs to be active every day — short periods of 10 or more minutes of physical activity have proven health benefits, but getting 150 minutes or more of moderate activity every week is the amount we need to positively impact on a wide range of health conditions. "This includes reducing the risk of heart disease and type 2 diabetes."

注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 题目已为你写好。

My Experience in Joining a School Club

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(⋀),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用(1)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Last summer, I went on the study tour in Mount Tai with a group of students. During one of our hikes, I found myself felt weak and struggling to keep up with the others. As I stop to catch my breath, I started to feel discouraging with myself. But soon I realized that not everyone had their own pace and that it was okay for me to take breaks when I needed it. With this new perspective, I continued the hike with amore positive attitude but was able to appreciate those unique qualities that makes me who I am. I realized what it was important to admit my strengths and weaknesses and accept myself who I am.

Acupuncture(针灸),ancient Chinese medical practice,has been the treatment for (count)patients for thousands of years. Before modern medicine came to life, ancient Chinese used stone tools(relieve)pain. As time went by,this practice developed a comprehensive medical system and shaped the root of acupuncture. 

Acupuncture is a treatment that aims to promote the body's self-regulating functions. Its principles are in linethe philosophical concepts of traditional Chinese medicine,emphasizes integrated treatment,and balance of bodily functions. 

Practices can vary in forms. Needle insertion(插入),the most common method, (carry) out by inserting hair-thin needles into specific points on the body that channel vital energy(the qi). Practitioners lift and spin needles to unblock the flow of energy;restore yin and yang balance;and stimulate the body's inborn potential to heal(it). 

Looking beyond China,acupuncture has become a global treatment. Over the years, acupuncture(see)many advancements in scientific research and modern medicine. It is now a mainstream alternative and treatment for(variety)of diseases. According to a 2019 WHO report,acupuncture is used in 113 of its 120 member countries,(illustrate) its widespread recognition and application. 

Our son,Tobey,has always had a generous spirit,as well as a very independent nature. Like many small boys,he liked to show his1 for someone by doing a kind or helpful thing. 

"I'm going to make Vanessa's birthday cake",he announced2 at age nine. I knew that he loves his sister and he was eager to do something very grown-up to honor Vanessa's special day but I was a little3 about how he would accomplish this4 task. Fortunately,the cake his sister most5 was available and the instructions certainly didn't sound too 6 .

On the eve of Vanessa's birthday,he7 his homework and carried out the list of 8  care-fully. He broke eggs into a bowl for the first time and measured out the other ingredients as though he were9 priceless objects. Encouraged by his10 ,I went to answer a phone call and was11 to see him working his hands in the bowl. I wanted to shout but thankfully,the astonishment kept these words stuck in my12 . When he saw my expression, he immediately13 me that he'd washed his hands14 in the washbasin in front of the cupboard. After finishing all the15 ,he put the cake into the baking pan carefully. Soon the smell of baking cake filled the house. Finally,the cake16 beautifully. Vanessa was 17  by Tobey's loving gesture and she gave him a big hug. 

Now Tobey has become an accomplished cook who still likes to show the love by 18  others good food. People who are19 in helping others may have much more 20  to develop powerful skills and get happiness more easily. 

Do you have bad habits?If so,you're not alone.. So,if you are trying to get out of things that make you ashamed,the following may be of help to you. 

Both good habits and bad habits are similar because you can end up doing them without thinking about it. Stepping back and seeing a bad habit's pattern in your life can help you break free of it. For instance,if you smoke a cigarette after dinner every evening,you can break the pattern and instead take a walk every evening after dinner. This breaks your bad habit pattern,and you can establish a new habit pattern that will still give you a sense of a reward like feeling healthier—without harm. 

Establish new targets

It's easy to get stuck in bad habit patterns. If you smoke after dinner and want to stop that,you begin to walk,which helps break the habit. But once you've broken the pattern,you can take it to the next level.. Walking two blocks instead of one or run around the block can be your choice. Suddenly,you not only broke the habit pattern,but you've also established new goals to motivate you. 

Keep a diary

Writing down your daily struggles with a bad habit can help you break the habit. Keep track of what triggers the bad habit or when you're tempted to do the bad habit. This will help you understand yourself better and give you the ability to stop the bad habit.. Write down your temptations,and your feelings as you did to resist the habit. 

Get help from friends or family

A good supportive community is essential for overcoming bad habits. Having people around you who understand you and know how to help you will give you hope. Gather a close set of friends or family around you. They may be able to stand with you,support you,and challenge you.·

A. Set goals to do more

B. Break the habit pattern

C. Think about similar habits

D. Take your notebook with you

E. Most of us are guilty of something we dislike

F. So be kind and considerate to your family or friends

G. When you fall,these people can encourage you to try again

If you've seen the film Finding Nemo,you might remember the character Dory and her attempts to speak"whale". Now a team of scientists say they could be one step closer to doing that. They used computer technology to analyze whale sounds and think they have translated their first whale word.

Sperm whales don't speak a"language"in the same way as humans do,but they communicate by using a series of clicks. Scientists from Project CETI,an organization dedicated to translating sperm whale language,have spent years listening to the creatures. They have placed microphones on whales and planted underwater microphones off the coast of the Caribbean island of Dominica to overhear the animals' conversations.

Now the team is using artificial intelligence(AI,computer technology that allows a machine to imitate human intelligence by learning as it goes along)to find patterns in the whales' sounds. The scientists have been trying to match the sound patterns with the whales' behavior to see if certain"words"match certain actions. This could reveal the meaning of each individual sound or set of sounds.

So far,the scientists think they understand the signal for"dive". They have also mapped out a kind of sperm whale phonetic alphabet(phonetic means turning sounds into symbols). However,like Dory,they have a long way to go before they can truly speak"whale". Unlocking the language of sperm whales could help to protect them. Whales are an important part of marine(海洋)ecosystems all over the world. Their bodies also store large amounts of carbon, which helps to reduce pollution in the atmosphere. If humans spoke"whale",it could be possible to warn them away from dangerous objects and areas,such as fishing nets they can become tangled in or shallow shorelines where they can get stranded.