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It's important to remember that the insights from case studies cannot be used to determine cause-and-effect relationships between variables. However, case studies may be used to develop theories that can then be addressed in experimental research.

There have been a number of notable case studies in the history of psychology. Much of Freud's work and theories were developed through individual case studies. Here is one great example of case studies in psychology.

Anna O was a patient of a physician named Josef Breuer. While she was never a patient of Freud's, Freud and Breuer discussed her case extensively. The woman was experiencing symptoms of a condition that was then known as hysteria, a state of uncontrolled excitement, fear or panic, and found that talking about her problems helped relieve her symptoms. Her case played an important part in the development of talk therapy (疗法) as an approach to mental health treatment.

As demonstrated in the case of Anna O, case studies offer valuable insights into understanding human behavior and developing treatment methods. When you are writing a case study, you should include a section where you discuss the case study itself, including the advantages and limitations of the study. You should note how the findings of your case study might support previous research. You should also describe some of the implications of your case study. What ideas or findings might require further exploration? How might researchers go about exploring some of these questions in additional studies?

Case studies clarify rare phenomena, inform practical involvement, and bridge clinical observation with experimental research to advance psychological understanding.

Turtle eggs have long been stolen as a food source by coastal communities, but more recently it is human activity of another kind that has proved a greater threat. As the city has expanded, restaurants and other tourist facilities have mushroomed along most parts of the country's western coast, bringing in more people, noisy music, and much plastic and chemical waste, all of which harms turtle nesting during the reproducing season.

Aware that life for the turtles was becoming more difficult, Muditha Katuwawala, one of the volunteers, expanded the activities of the Pearl Protectors to include regular patrols. Working with the coastguard, the volunteers help to find eggs laid in hazardous areas and remove them to a safe nesting place on the beach until they hatch.

Nevertheless, a significant threat to the turtles comes from the illegal hunters because once they find a nest, all the eggs are usually taken. "Certain restaurants and hotels sell these eggs to the foreigners as a novel food, at a good price," Katuwawala says. "So turtle eggs now have commercial demand." He says patrolling alone will not create a lasting impact on turtle conservation and it needs to be combined with educating coastal communities.

Another volunteer, Lara Wijesuriya, agrees. "It makes a difference to the community in how they perceive the problem and the solution," she says. "And it makes a difference to the volunteers in how they approach the problem. It bridges the gap."

In the southern part of the island, the Turtle Conservation Project has gone a step further by employing hunters to protect nests, providing an alternative income.

"When you finally see the baby turtles going into the ocean, it's really nice to know that you helped a life to live," Fernando, another volunteer, says.

Ne Zha 2

For now, Ne Zha 2 is only available to watch in a movie theater. It opened in theaters wide across the U. S. last week, on February 14, and has already earned over $8 million at the U. S. box office alone. You can find a showing at a movie theater near you via Fandango. Ne Zha 2 is not yet available to watch online or on streaming.

Ne Zha (2019)

If you want to watch the first Ne Zha movie online, you can stream it free of charge, with ads, on The Roku Channel. You can also buy or rent Ne Zha on digital platforms like Amazon Prime, Fandango At Home, Apple TV and more.

Below is a price comparison table (USD) for renting and buying the film. Prices may vary slightly by platform. Happy watching!

3 these difficulties, he has shown an exceptional talent for noticing details that4 others. Morgan has found clarity and focus in nature, particularly in the vivid colors and shapes of plants, leading him to5 the art of nature photography.

Not6 with merely capturing pictures, Morgan has even established his own photography business, becoming one of the top sellers in a local shop.7 , he donates ten percent of his8 to support autistic artists through the Blue Ribbon Arts Initiative.

However, his motivation for photography9 financial gain, as he simply wants to share the beauty he10 with others. His work has gained11 , with one of his photos picked by National geographic for12 in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

His parents teared up as they told what his photography means. Morgan's photography has become his having grace (体面) because it gets people to look13 his issues. "He's going to make his14 ," his mother said.

Morgan advises all of us to try new things and explore our15 and what we want to do. In other words, don't be afraid to see things differently.

1. Apricots

PORTION SIZE 5 apricots CALORIES 95

These orange orbs supply vitamin E, which helps to protect cells against the kind of damage that can trigger cancer and other chronic diseases. You also get 3 grams of fiber and 10 percent of the Daily Value.

2. Figs

PORTION SIZE 5 figs CALORIES 105

Figs have more fiber than many other dried fruits, and they supply a decent amount of calcium. They may sometimes look like they' re sprinkled with sugar, but they' re not. The natural fruit sugar in the figs can crystallize and leave a white coating.

3. Prunes

PORTION SIZE 4 prunes CALORIES 92

Research suggests the mix of antioxidants and other nutrients in prunes may help build up bones, helping to prevent osteoporosis. One serving of prunes has about 20 percent of the Daily Value for vitamin

K. The low intakes have been linked to painful blood vessel (血管) problems.

Dressed in traditional hanfu, Wang Zijun, manager of a coffee shop, elegantly serves steaming coffee and snacks customers.

The coffee shop lies in the Huizhou ancient town, a popular tourist destination in Shexian County, east China's Anhui Province. It's decorated with (tradition) calligraphy and colorful fish-shaped lanterns.

"The leisurely pace in the Chinese-style coffee shops matches well with the (attract) of the old street," said Wang. The town also introduces visitors to cultural products, martial arts performances and local snacks. Here, a show, based on local history and old tales, attracts the audience because it makes people feel like they're (real) in it. According to Jiang Guangyu, the performance director, a single show attracts audience of over 1,800 during the peak season.

"Our stories are inspired by local old tales, combining entertainment with cultural preservation," said Jiang.

In Yihuawan Cultural Tourism Town, (locate) in Anhui's Susong County, visitors can hike through jungle-filled valleys, pick fresh fruit and vegetables, and admire seas of flowers are in full blossom throughout the year. Since 2023, the town (sell) over 1 million flower seedlings. It's also created more than 400 local jobs, (boost) the average annual household income by 6,000 yuan.

In the (one) three quarters of 2024, rural tourism across China received about 2.25 billion visits, a year-on-year increase of 15.5 percent, with the total income reaching about 183.7 billion US dollars.

Mary was the art teacher for primary school students. On this particular day, she was guiding them through the process of drawing a scenic landscape. Akila yawned(打哈欠), clearly disinterested - drawing wasn't her thing. A small group of students gathered around Tina, laughing at her unusual drawing: a sun sporting sunglasses and trees topped with ice cream cones.

Mary instructed Tina firmly but with unease, "Draw it the way I showed you." As the lesson continued, doubt crept into Mary's mind. Had the joy of creativity been overshadowed by the pressure to fit in? She scanned the room, observing her students' faces – some concentrated, others uncertain. Akila's disinterest was clear and Tina's imaginative drawing had been met with ridicule instead of praise.

After class, Mary sat down with Tina, her tone softening, "Why did you draw the sun with sunglasses and the trees with ice creams?" she asked gently.

Tina's eyes sparkled with a touch of rebellion (叛逆)-"I love ice cream, and I thought the sun would look cool with sunglasses. Why do we always have to draw like everyone else?"

Mary paused, her thoughts racing. Tina's drawings weren't just curious —they were a window into a world where imagination ruled, where rales could be bent into delightful chaos. Was she, by enforcing a rigid style, killing that very creativity?

The next morning, Mary walked into the classroom with a renewed sense of purpose. She placed a large sheet of paper in front of the class and announced a new project: they would create a collective(集体的)artwork titled "Our Dream World" with no rules. They were free to use colors, shapes, and patterns however they wished.

At first, the students hesitated, unsure of this newfound freedom. Akila leaned back, skeptical of what seemed like another pointless exercise. But Tina, her creativity no longer restricted, eagerly grabbed her crayons and began to draw with abandon. Then, Maya joined in. And then Michael...

注意：

1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右;

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

As the students worked, Mary observed them with curiosity.

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Mary stood back and surveyed the creation.

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1. 移动支付的优缺点；

2. 你的看法。

参考词汇：微信 WeChat；支付宝 Alipay；二维码 QR code

注意：

1. 写作词数应为80左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

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Have you ever sunk a spoon and a pair of chopsticks into a deep bowl of hot pot? If so, then you know that this widely-appreciated dish can be (absolute) delicious and fun to eat. Typically (associated) with Chinese food, hot pot is commonly seasoned with all kinds of traditional Chinese ingredients, ranging from raw shellfish sliced mushrooms. Today hot pot is enjoyed all across Asia, which begs the question: Where, exactly, did hot pot originate?

Some historians trace its beginnings back to boatmen living along the Yangtze and Jialing rivers around Chongqing, China, invented an inexpensive and efficient way to eat. Others believe early hot pots (link) to Mongol soldiers. As they traveled and camped across Asia and beyond, they'd sit around the fires, (enjoy) hot soup in one of their overturned helmets (头盔).

Nowadays there are three major styles of hot pot. Sichuan hot pot (feature) strong and spicy flavors. Cantonese hot pot is a much (mild) version with less spicy seasoning. The third one is Mongolian hot pot, which is similar to the original version of hot pot. Despite the variations of this dish, makes hot pot become a favorite dish all over the world is its inclusiveness-everyone is free to add their favorite (item) right into the pot, cooking and eating as they go.

Red by Leo, we3 the destination. "Watch out for the looks rocks!" Leo4 from time to time. Finally, we got to the mountain top. I dropped my backpack to relieve the pain of my5. Looking up at the sky, Leo said, "A storm is developing. We need to6 the tents." He and Adam worked smoothly and7, while I stood around and pretended to help.8, we set up the camp before the storm struck.

Sensing that I was scared, Leo began to share with us some cookies while talking about his camping experiences. Thanks to the9 and stories, my fear of the lightning and thunders10. "The campsite might get a bit muddy, but if you can't get11, what's the fun in camping?" He said with a12.

Soon the storm was gone,13 us to exit the tent. I could see the stars for miles at the night sky. I won't14 — I was dying for a hot shower and a soft bed, but as I gazed upward at the Milky Way, I knew this was a(n)15 I would never forget.

My late grandfather was born in Bagansiapiapi, Indonesia. Growing up, I'd hear all kinds of stories about his childhood before he moved to Singapore. I was anxious to visit his birthplace but I never acted on it until the idea of cycling there came to mind. And I decided to go big — make the whole journey across the island and head to the northernmost tip of Indonesia.

I made sure I planned my first solo ride around Indonesia well. My whole trip would cover more than 1,600 km. I aimed to cycle around 100 km to 140 km a day, which would take about four to six hours. I had to leave room for flexibility. Possible bicycle breakdowns and accidents needed to be taken into account.

During the first leg of the journey, I hardly felt tired because I was so driven by my excitement. Reaching Bagansiapiapi, I immediately asked about the history relating to the large Chinese community there. I learned that a Chinese family surnamed Tan did live there for years. In the 1940s, they moved to another part of Southeast Asia. The locals couldn't remember the names so I wasn't sure whether it was my grandfather's family. All the small pieces of the history reminded me of the hard work of my forefathers to find a better life for their later generations.

Once, I got lost while cycling towards Lake Toba. Luckily, a family of three showed me the right directions. The whole journey was unforgettable. I was thankful that I could witness the land where my grandparents had ever lived and that I had completed such a challenging cycling journey myself.

A. I knew I had to make it happen.

B. At age 49, I developed a thirst for adventure.

C. My cycling journey was not without challenges.

D. Or I was just feeling extra tired on a certain day.

E. However, the possibility left me feeling excited and satisfied.

F. I took note of a few potential hostels and other accommodations.

G. I felt a little regret for not exploring more of my family's detailed history.

Understanding why we forget first requires us to tear down the myth about memory. "It is generally believed that memory is just one thing," said Susanne Jaeggi, a professor of psychology. "Indeed, there are very different components of memory, and they're also related to different cognitive (认知的) processes."

There are two different types of memory: long-term and working memory. The former is a broad category of memories that involve experience and skills stored in the brain for extended periods. On the other hand, thoughts in working memory are only present for a brief period.

"Working memory is like the sketchpad (速写本) of conscious thought," said Earl K. Miller, a professor of neuroscience at MIT. "Every piece of new information, inner dialogue and sensory input is routed through working memory and certain characteristics of working memory explain why we forget those thoughts."

First, psychologists estimate that people can hold only about four to seven "chunks" (块) of information — such as letters, digits, words or phrases — in their working memory at a time. Rather than being aware of all of these "chunks" all at once, the brain bounces around from one idea to another, making it more likely to forget one.

Second, the brain quickly wipes out unimportant things from working memory to make room for new information. So unless those short-term memories are transferred into long-term memories (a process called consolidation), they'll soon disappear.

But for those who regularly struggle with thoughts slipping their mind, Jaeggi and Miller have some words to say. In the first place, Miller says multitasking makes forgetting more likely. Jaeggi mentions if you walk into a room and forget why you went in there, go back into the room you were before. The context clues might give the brain the extra boost it needs to reach back a few seconds in working memory and bring back the thought that's already gone.

The prototype (原型) includes 1,200 tiny solar panels, each measuring just 5 by 1.5 millimeters. It can generate 400 milliwatts of electrical energy, enough to charge electronic devices.

"Until now very few people have considered their clothing products could be used for charging electronic devices," explains Theodore Hughes-Riley, an associate professor of Electronic Textiles. "The material which we have developed appears and behaves the same as any ordinary fabric, as it can be washed in a machine. Besides, because the tiny solar cells are comprised of silicon (硅), wearers aren't able to even notice a discrepancy between the fabric's composition and that of standard clothing."

Potential products include items like outerwear, backpacks and other carrying bags using the material, all of which could allow wearers to keep their devices charged during the day. "Electronic fabrics really have the potential to change people's relationship with technology, as this prototype shows how we could live without charging many devices on the wall," adds Theodore.

Solar power innovations are key to transforming human society from fossil fuel technologies, and are coming into a variety of fields. The European Space Agency, for example, plans to experiment with solar panel systems orbiting above Earth. Since there are no real "days" or "nights" in space, potential solar power generation could be as much as 8 or 9 times greater than what's currently achievable here on Earth's surface. As powerful as that may one day be for us, it's encouraging to know even changes like the composition of our clothing can help promote the necessary renewable energy shift for our species.

Baker, a painter, has long understood the benefits of biophilic (热爱自然的) design. Having suffered a breakdown 10 years ago, Baker found that drawing flowers was the only way to lift his spirit. It was around this time that Baker met Borowski, and joined her production company as a creative director. The pair have worked together ever since launching Graphic Rewilding in 2021.

Since then, they've decorated many buildings at locations including Earl's Court station, Lewes Castle and Westfield Shopping Centre in Shepherd's Bush—all hand drawn by Baker. "We love galleries, but we focus on public art. This way, our work is out there for everyone to enjoy," Baker says.

The pair believe that flowers have serious power, even when they're not real. "We know that spending time in nature is good for us, but studies show that even pictures of plants have a positive effect on the mind," says Baker. He discovers from the research that images of plants in hospital waiting rooms can help reduce feelings of stress inpatients.

Even so, they admit that art is no match for Mother Nature. "Some people expressed concern that our project might hurt real rewilding efforts. But both can coexist," says Borowski. "Of course, we want more green space. But we aren't gardeners. We're artists. In the absence of nature, we want to create inspiring spaces through art."

Overall, the response has been hugely positive. "The joy that these artworks bring is evident," says Borowski, highlighting an early project in Crawley, West Sussex, where they painted brick walls, billboards, benches and even bins. "There were so many smiling faces," she says. "Putting art into a place that previously felt unloved feels like developing joy where there was none."

Free your creativity as a writer, while learning the tricks of the trade. You have the freedom to write what you want, but you also need to gain the discipline of writing. There are no grades, no exams, and no wrong answers—just creative writing. Each class is taught by a teacher experienced in helping young writers discover and develop their unique voices. This course is offered as a 5-week online class (with a 3-hour session per week). It's open to students aged from 13 to 17.

Upcoming Classes

Start on Tuesday, October 1st

Online, anytime

Price: Registration fee $25, paid once per term

The Syllabus (教学大纲)

The syllabus varies from teacher to teacher, term to term. Many topics will be similar to those covered in the online classes.

Course Components

Note: Content may vary among individual classes.

Squeaky wasn't expected to do much around the house, but she was responsible for looking after her sister Louise, who was intellectually disabled. People in their Harlem neighborhood often made fun of Louise, but Squeaky didn't hesitate to stand up for her. As Squeaky was an incredibly fast runner, she could just run away if things got too heated. In fact, Squeak y won many races she competed in, sometimes losing to her classmate and friend, Gretchen. These days, Squeaky and Gretchen were talking about who of them would win in the coming May Day race.

Squeaky often ran around the neighborhood, training for races and performing breathing exercises, and Louise usually went together. Louise often caused trouble in public, drawing the anger of neighbors to whom Squeaky must apologize. But Squeaky didn't mind as long as Louise didn't interfere (干扰) with her training.

Presently, Squeaky was practicing running in the neighborhood with Louise when she spotted Gretchen running towards them. When they came close, they all stopped. Gretchen looked at Louise in curiosity, which was taken as a provocation by Squeaky, who stepped forward in defense. Gretchen stepped back and smiled kindly.Relieved, Squeaky introduced Louise to Gretchen and explained why she was defensive.

Gretchen laughed, saying she was curious because she was surprised that Louise should be able to run as fast as Squeaky. "Is she also training for the May Day race?" Gretchen asked.

Squeaky's eyes lit up. "Why haven't I ever thought of this?" she thought. Gretchen's words reminded her of an idea she had never thought of. "I decide to quit running and coach Louise instead. I have many awards, but Louise has nothing," she told Gretchen. Gretchen was almost touched to tears by Squeaky's consideration for her sister. "Can I work together with you?" Gretchen asked with enthusiasm. The two friends looked at each other in agreement.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150个左右;

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

The coaching was no easy job.

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May Day finally arrived.

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注意：

1.写作词数应为80个左右;

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Alex,

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Yours,

Li Hua

Beijing will speed up work to protect and make use of cultural relics in its core functional areas. The city aims to promote public access more heritage (遗产) sites along the Beijing Central Axis (轴), was recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2024.

According to the site's office for cultural heritage (apply) and protection, Beijing will take advantage of its unique world heritage resources (enhance) its role as an international exchange center, developing the Central Axis into a space for international events.

Authorities plan to intensify efforts to preserve and display history and culture of the Beijing Central Axis. They intend to promote relevant literary and artistic creation, launch more tailored tourist (route), and enhance urban renewal projects in surrounding areas.

Stretching 7.8 kilometers from Yongding Gate in the south to the Drum and Bell Towers in the north, the Beijing Central Axis was constructed (base) on ancient architectural philosophies to create an ideal layout for a capital city. The Central Axis (date) back to the Yuan Dynasty, while its (long) was extended in the Ming and Qing dynasties.

Following its inclusion on the world heritage list, visits to scenic areas along the Central Axis have increased (significant). Cultural and historical sites remain the cornerstone of Beijing's cultural tourism consumption, with the Beijing Central Axis emerging as a must-visit destination for both domestic and international tourists.

Wicker's love for nature led him to5 the idea of adding cicadas to his diet. He was motivated by the global6 of eating cicadas. He7 on social media to find interested diners, and the response was so8 that he had to stop9 attendees due to the great interest.

For dinner, Wicker10 a menu filled with insect delicacies, presented as hors d'oeuvres (开胃菜). The menu included innovative dishes such as pigs in a blanket with cicada heads and bacon-wrapped cicadas.

The11 from his friends were a mix of curiosity and fear. While some were eager to try the12 dishes, others were more13. Wicker's experiment not only provided a unique dining experience but also offered a new view on the14 between humans and the natural world. It encourages people to15 their comfort zones of food and consider insects as a sustainable and nutritious food source.

A student's working memory processes visual and verbal (口头的) information. Too many posters, regulations, or information sources can overload a student's working memory, making it difficult to focus and process information.

The average preschool is overloaded with labels, lists, and rules, which can decrease children's ability to focus and learn. Decorations are sometimes mistaken for quality. Experts point out that reading and writing performances are particularly affected by levels of stimulation, while math benefits from student-centered and personalized classroom designs. Involving students in designing their learning space can give them a sense of ownership and pride.

The color of the classroom is another critical factor. Red and orange can make students feel nervous, while blue and green are calming. Younger children may respond well to bright colors like yellow, but older students benefit from light shades of blue and green. The International Association of Color Consultants North America emphasizes the importance of appropriate color design for creating conducive (有利的) learning environments and promoting health. Such settings are likely to cause students to become uninterested in learning.

Therefore, teachers should be mindful of the impacts of visual stimuli on their students and work to minimize distractions for better academic performance.

A. It distracts students and negatively impacts their academic performance.

B. Classrooms often become text and picture-rich from early education levels.

C. Teachers should consider featuring student works to promote student worth.

D. Alternatively, colorless and poorly lit classrooms are often considered boring.

E. Classroom environments are intended to stimulate enthusiasm and participation.

F. Overstimulation in the environment increases competition for a student's attention.

G. A combination of bright and light colors benefits academic performance and health.