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1、 阅读短文,回答问题
The prodigious ability of our species to rapidly assimilate vocabulary, expanding from a mere 300 lexemes by the tender age of two to an impressive repertoire exceeding 1, 000 by the age of four, remains a subject of profound enigma. Certain scholars in the realms of cognitive science and linguistics have posited that the human mind enters the world equipped with innate cognitive predispositions and logical parameters that facilitate this linguistic feat. However, recent advancements in the sphere of machine learning have unveiled the potential for swift acquisition of semantic understanding from sparse data, eschewing the need for preconceived, hardwired assumptions.
An ensemble of researchers has triumphantly honed a rudimentary artificial intelligence construct to correlate visual representations with their corresponding lexical entities, utilizing a mere 61 hours of ambient visual recordings and auditory data — previously amassed from an individual known as Sam during the years 2013 and 2014. Though this represents but a minuscule fraction of a child's developmental chronicle, it transpires that this was sufficiently informative to prompt the AI in discerning the significance of select vocables.
These revelations intimate that the process of linguistic acquisition may be more straightforward than hitherto presumed. It is conceivable that the juvenile mind does not necessitate a tailor-made, sophisticated linguistic apparatus to adeptly apprehend the essence of words, posits Jessica Sullivan, an adjunct professor of psychology at Skidmore College. "This is an exceptionally elegant inquiry, " she articulates, as it presents corroborative evidence that rudimentary data extracted from a child's perspective is sufficiently abundant to initiate the processes of pattern recognition and lexical assimilation.
The recent scholarly endeavor also illustrates the plausibility of machines emulating the learning modalities inherent to human cognition. Vast linguistic models are typically nurtured on colossal datasets encompassing billions, if not trillions, of lexical permutations. In stark contrast, human beings manage with a significantly reduced informational intake, as articulated by the principal scribe of the study, Wai Keen Vong. With the appropriate genre of data, the chasm separating machine and human learning could be substantially bridged.
Nevertheless, further investigation is warranted in select dimensions of this pioneering research. The savants concede that their findings do not conclusively elucidate the mechanisms by which children amass vocabulary. Additionally, the study's purview was confined to the identification of nouns pertaining to tangible entities.
Despite these limitations, this represents a stride toward a more profound comprehension of our own cognitive faculties, which may ultimately contribute to the enhancement of human pedagogical practices, according to Eva Portelance, a scholar in computational linguistics. She remarks that AI research has the potential to shed light on enigmatic queries about our essence that have persisted over time. "We can harness these paradigms in a salutary manner, to the advantage of scientific discovery and societal progress, " Portelance further elaborates.
(1)、What is a significant finding of machine-learning research?A、Vocabulary increases gradually with age. B、Vocabulary can be acquired from minimal data. C、Language acquisition is tied to built-in expectations. D、Language acquisition is as complex as formerly assumed.(2)、What does the underlined word "prompt" in paragraph 2 mean?A、Facilitate. B、Persuade. C、Advise. D、Expect.(3)、What is discussed about the new research in paragraph 5?A、Its limitations. B、Its strengths. C、Its uniqueness. D、Its process.(4)、What is Eva Portelance's attitude to the AI research?A、Doubtful. B、Cautious. C、Dismissive. D、Positive. -
2、 阅读短文,回答问题
It was in a brightly-lit room in Mexico City, Mexico, that on June 18, 2014 it was announced that India-born Dr Sanjaya Rajaram had been named the winner of the World Food Prize.
Dr Rajaram won this award for successfully crossbreeding (杂交) the winter and spring wheat (小麦) varieties, which have been two distinct and isolated gene pools (分离的基因库) since the beginning of farming. And because of this breakthrough, the scientist has been able to breed over 480 wheat varieties.
Born in Varanasi in 1943, Dr Rajaram lived with his family off a plot of land growing wheat, rice and maize. "After my education here in India, I went off to Australia for my PhD and soon I joined CIMMYT (the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre) in Mexico, where my career as a plant breeder started, " said Dr Rajaram.
"Every country is unique — there are climate systems, culture, the financial situation and each of the nations I visited needed a different set of solutions, " said Dr Rajaram. His solutions became part of what is widely described as the world's first "wheat network", a global exchange of "genetic information and innovations among researchers". His varieties of wheat were strong in nutrition, delayed (延迟) the attack of some plant diseases and were able to survive the severest of conditions.
After nearly half a century in the field, Dr Rajaram said his work was still not finished. "In science, you never stop learning. I have been doing this all my life and I've never really had time for anything else. As far as hobbies go, well, there's a bit of music I like to listen to and that's pretty much it. I have been on a long journey of pushing the boundaries (边界) of what's possible and today, there's still work left. Learning must never stop and the world must not go hungry. "
(1)、Why was Dr Rajaram awarded the World Food Prize?A、He improved several wheat varieties genetically. B、He crossbred the winter and spring wheat varieties. C、He successfully bred two wheat varieties. D、He found the difference between the winter and spring wheat varieties.(2)、When did Dr Rajaram start to work on plant breeding?A、During his college years in India. B、While doing his PhD in Australia. C、After becoming a member of CIMMYT in Mexico. D、While living with his family near wheat-growing land.(3)、What is one advantage of the wheat varieties developed by Dr Rajaram?A、They can be planted in any season. B、They are free from the attack of some pant diseases. C、They can grow well in terrible environments. D、They can grow taller than traditional ones.(4)、What can we learn about Dr Rajaram from the last paragraph?A、He was too busy with work to develop any hobby. B、He wasn't satisfied with the results of his research. C、He planned to do research in a new field of science. D、He made his mind to work on world food problems. -
3、 阅读短文,回答问题
Books that Changed My Life
Frank Cottrell-Boyce is a multi-award-winning author and screenwriter who won the CILIP Carnegie Medal for his debut children's book, Millions. His new book The Wonder Brothers, a fun mystery-adventure about the biggest vanishing trick of all time, is out now.
HERE Is Real Magic, Nate Staniforth
I could talk about this book forever! It's a memoir by a brilliant magician, Nate Staniforth, who has a belief in being able to do magic out of ordinary things. He has become a little jaded and disillusioned, so he takes himself to India to renew himself by taking his magic on the road. I'm very privileged to have been a writer all my life, but it's very difficult to stop it just being a job. You can lose touch with the joy of it. This book is about rediscovering the joy in your own talents and finding magic in the ordinary.
One Thousand and One Nights
I won a copy of this book in a competition at school. It's kind of the opposite of finding the magic in the ordinary—it's about extravagance and amazing ness, bragging and lying. But I love it! It's really about how storytelling can save your life. The narrator is a woman facing a death sentence who is tell ng stories with these cli hangers (悬念) so she won't be killed. It's a book of wonders about how you can enchant (使入迷) someone with a story. As children's writer, you spend a lot of time in schools, telling stories to children who don't necessarily want to be there, gathering them up in a moment of laughter, excitement or nervousness. One Thousand and One Nights celebrates that you can confront someone who wants to kill you and, because of a cliffhanger they go, "I'll kill you tomorrow instead". It's the greatest celebration of the power of storytelling I can think of.
Three Men in a Boat, Jerome K Jerome
This is just the funniest book. And it's kind of about nothing. It's just three blokes in a boat going down the Thames and not being very good at it. That's all. It's just paying attention to the lovely details of ordinary life. It's so kind, so tender, and it's funnier than anything else. There are pages and pages of failing to get through a lock gate or getting lost in amaze. You don't need all these big twists and dramatic events to be funny, you can just be really overconfident that you can find your way out of amaze!
(1)、Which book is won by its owner as a prize for a competition?A、Millions B、Three Men in a Boat C、One Thousand and One Nights D、Here Is Real Magic(2)、If you want to find magic in the ordinary, who should you read?A、Nate Staniforth B、Frank Cottrell-Boyce C、Jerome K Jerome D、Dale Carnegie(3)、What is the article intended to do?A、To compare different books. B、To recommend books. C、To comment on books. D、To list best-sellers. -
4、 听录音,回答问题。(1)、What did Harry Nuriev do in 2019?A、He displayed a special sofa. B、He designed a sofa using bags. C、He searched a fair for old items.(2)、What does Katie Treggiden think furniture companies should do?A、Improve product quality. B、Use sustainable material. C、Lengthen furniture's life.(3)、What is the main focus of the speaker?A、A designer's green sofa. B、Problems in the furniture industry. C、The change in the fashion industry.
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5、 听录音,回答问题。(1)、What do the speakers agree on heroes?A、They are like film characters. B、They achieve great success. C、They can be common people.(2)、Why does Hank think of his grandfather as his hero?A、He is devoted to his career. B、He motivates Hank to be better. C、He tries his best to help others.(3)、How does Anna find storybooks without heroes?A、Uninteresting. B、Acceptable. C、Realistic.(4)、What does Hank mean in the end?A、It's great to read more. B、Great writers do count. C、He dislikes storybooks.
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6、 听录音,回答问题。(1)、What did Helen do recently?A、She went on business trips. B、She learned about gardening. C、She visited her relatives.(2)、Where is Gina now?A、In New York. B、In Atlanta. C、In Chicago.(3)、How long has Helen lived in Denver?A、For 2 years. B、For 4 years. C、For 10 years.(4)、What is the relationship between the speakers?A、A couple. B、Neighbors. C、Workmates.
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7、 听录音,回答问题。(1)、Why does Alice want to meet David?A、To seek for advice. B、To borrow some books. C、To invite him to a game.(2)、How does Ethan sound in the end?A、Humble. B、Proud. C、Satisfied.
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8、 听录音,回答问题。(1)、What does the woman plan to do next?A、Drive home. B、Pick Jack up. C、See her husband.(2)、What is Jack doing?A、Watching TV. B、Practicing football. C、Walking with Tim.
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9、 What happens to Sarah?A、She eats too much. B、She has a toothache. C、She needs an operation.
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10、 What is the weather like now?A、Cloudy. B、Sunny. C、Rainy.
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11、 Who is the woman probably talking to?A、Her friend. B、A travel agent. C、A hotel receptionist.
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12、 Where does the conversation probably take place?A、In an apartment. B、In a restaurant. C、In a shop.
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13、 Which film does Mary want to see?A、Ordinary Angels. B、Bob Marley: One Love. C、Kung Fu Panda
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14、阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Hearing that one neighbor had just welcomed a new litter, Allen, a9- year- old boy, rushed to see the newborn cats. However, during his visit, Allen noticed one of the cats wasn't moving due to disability on its hind(后面的)legs. So while the other little cats were exploring their surroundings, this one stayed behind.
Allen was significantly affected by the scene of this lonesome cat. He returned home and started to wonder whether he could do anything to help. When the boy told his mother about that, the mother recalled a video about pet wheelchairs.
They finally found the video on YouTube, in which an animal lover, Addy, shared a heartwarming and innovative project: building a wheelchair for a pet cat with mobility issues due to a hind- leg injury. As a caring pet owner, Addy took viewers through the DIY process of making a custom wheelchair to aid her cat's movement and improve its quality of life. She began by measuring the cat and based on the measurements, cut the plastic pipes to make a frame(支架). Then she connected the pipes and attached the wheels to the back end of the frame. Finally, she added a harness(保护带)to ensure it was fit and comfortable for the cat.
Seeing the cat in the wheelchair moving around happily with the support, Allen thought that would be the best option for the little cat.
But the wheelchair in the video seemed too big and too heavy for a newborn cat. Where could he find the suitable materials?
His mother unearthed an old bag from the cupboard, whose belt was just fine for the the harness. As for the frame, they searched the storage room in their house and found an old umbrella, whose frame provided enough thin iron bars that were durable and light. But they were difficult for him to cut off. Allen thought his father could help. However, where could they find the small wheels?【答案】
(320 words)
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右:
2.请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。
Allen suddenly spotted a familiar item in the corner of the storage room.
Together, they built a tiny wheelchair for the little cat.
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15、假定你是李华,今天的英语课前一分钟演讲,你打算倡议大家参与学校组织的各种课外活动小组,内容包括:1.活动的目的;2.活动的益处;3.号召大家积极参与。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右:
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear fellow students,
That's all, thank you!
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16、阅读下列短文,在空白处填入适当的1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As we all know, the United States is full of cars. There are still many families without cars, some families have two or more. However, cars are used for more than (pleasant). They are a necessary part of life.
Cars are also used for business. They are driven to offices and factories by workers have no other way to get to their jobs. When salesmen (send)to different parts of the city, they have to drive in order to carry their products. Farmers have to drive into the city in order to get (supply).
Sometimes small children must be driven to school. In some cities, school buses are used only children live more than a mile away from the school. If the children are too young to walk too far, their mothers take turns (drive)them to school. One mother drives on Mondays taking her own children and the neighbors' as well. Another mother drives on Tuesdays, another on Wednesday, and so . This is called forming a car pool. Men also form car pools, with three or four men taking turns driving to place where they work.
In spite of this, more car pools should be formed in order to put fewer cars on the road and use (little)gas.
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17、阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Why should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and efforts be spent exploring and 1 for something with so few apparent benefits? Why should many resources be spent on space 2 than on conditions and people on Earth?
These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked. Perhaps the best answer 3 in our genetic makeup(基因构成)as human beings. What4 our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains. and on into all 5 areas and environments? The wider the 6 spread of a species, the better its chance of 7 . Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand 8 possible.
Nearly every successful civilization has 9 , because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for. Without knowledge, we may be 10 destroyed by the danger. With knowledge, we can 11 its effects.
Exploration also allows minerals and other potential(潜在的)resources 12 . Even if we have no 13 need of them, they will perhaps be useful later. Resources may be more than physical possessions. Knowledge or techniques 14 through exploration. The techniques may have medical applications which can 15 the length or quality of our lives.
(1)A 、hunting B 、researching C 、sending D 、waiting(2)A 、rather B 、more C 、less D 、other(3)A 、goes B 、hides C 、falls D 、lies(4)A 、made B 、led C 、drove D 、showed(5)A 、possible B 、horrible C 、changeable D 、reasonable(6)A 、exchange B 、existence C 、appearance D 、spread(7)A 、removal B 、survival C 、arrival D 、refusal(8)A 、however B 、whenever C 、wherever D 、whoever(9)A 、explored B 、removed C 、changed D 、survived(10)A 、surely B 、really C 、hardly D 、completely(11)A 、deepen B 、lessen C 、lengthen D 、strengthen(12)A 、found B 、wasted C 、sent D 、used(13)A 、quick B 、full C 、much D 、immediate(14)A 、charged B 、collected C 、acquired D 、connected(15)A 、enlarge B 、improve C 、exchange D 、include -
18、阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Self- Love And Relationships
Self- love and healthy relationships cannot be separated. Self- love is the very core of any healthy relationship. Now you might wonder how my love for myself is going to make me able to have a healthy relationship. Isn't a healthy relationship all about giving? Honestly, No.
Boundaries
First and foremost, You will know where to draw boundaries because you value your own opinions. You will have a clear understanding of what you need, what are your values, and your limits.
Conflict Resolution
Self- love plays a very important role in conflict resolution in a relationship. They have more confidence and self- esteem to be able to voice their opinions.
Healthy Partner Choice
Self- love also contributes to choosing an emotionally healthy partner. You do not settle for less because you know what you deserve because you know your worth.
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You can be only emotionally available when you do not have inner conflicts. When you are constantly fighting your own feelings, it leads to confusion and disappointment, and a lack of availability emotionally for your partner.
When you have the capacity to take care of your own emotions, you become emotionally stable. This stability allows you to better empathize with and understand your partner's experiences and emotions. .
Review
So now you know that self- love and health y relationships are practically inseparable. One cannot thrive without the other because they depend on each other for fulfillment and growth. They are interconnected with your happiness because self- love will motivate you to have better boundaries, a healthier understanding of your own self, and better emotional intelligence.
A.With self- love, you can solve conflicts better.
B.Loving yourself helps you set boundaries.
C.Self- love makes you choose the right partner.
D.Without self- love, you lack emotional availability.
E.Due to this, you can offer them genuine care and support.
F.When self- loving, you understand your worth.
G.Emotional Availability
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19、阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
China successfully launched the Chang'e-6 spacecraft on Friday. A Long March-5rocket lifted it off from the Wenchang Space Launch Site in Hainan. This was a huge success and a remarkable achievement for China's space exploration program. The launch not only shows China's advanced technological abilities but also makes scientists and space lovers around the world excited.
Collecting samples from the far side of the moon is a new thing for humanity. We have very little knowledge about this mysterious side. If the Chang'e-6 mission is successful, it will give scientists important and direct facts to know more about the far side's environment, geological features, and material make- up. This will be an important step forward in our exploration of the moon and the universe as a whole.
The Chang'e-6 spacecraft has an orbiter, a lander, an ascender(上升器), and a returner. When it reaches the moon, it will land carefully on the far side. Within 48 hours after landing, a robot arm will carefully collect rocks and soil from the lunar surface. Also, a drill will go into the ground to take samples from deeper layers. At the same time, a series of complex scientific tests and analyses will be done to get valuable data.
The far side of the moon is very different from the side we can see. The Apollo basin in the South PoleAitken Basin is chosen as the landing and sampling place for the Chang'e-6 mission. This area is thought to have precious clues about the moon's formation and development, giving possible ideas about the early history of our celestial(天体)neighbor.
This mission has many technical difficulties and needs the latest technologies. It also gets help from international cooperation, showing the spirit of working together in the global search for space exploration. The exploration of the far side of the moon may provide valuable scientific data and open up new possibilities for future space activities, such as setting up long- term lunar bases and using lunar resources.
The success of the Chang'e-6 mission has the possibility to make more international cooperation in space exploration. It shows China's strong wish to add to the growth of global knowledge about the universe and encourages other countries to work together to find out the secrets of the universe.
(1)、What is the main purpose of the Chang'e-6 mission?A、To build a base on the far side of the moon. B、To study how the moon moves around. C、To collect and bring back samples from the far side of the moon. D、To look for water on the moon.(2)、Which of the following is true about the far side of the moon?A、It's different from the side we can see. B、It's the same as the side we can see. C、We know a lot about it. D、It has no rocks or soil.(3)、What might the exploration of the far side of the moon lead to?A、No change in the future. B、New chances for space activities. C、Fewer friends for China in space. D、No new technologies.(4)、What could be a suitable title for this passage?A、"The Mystery of the Moon" B、"The Far Side of the Moon: Unknown Territory" C、"Space Exploration and Challenges" D、"China's Chang'e-6 Mission: Unveiling the Secrets of the Moon's Far Side" -
20、阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
China's tea culture is an ancient and profound(意义深远的)cultural heritage that has been passed down and developed for thousands of years. It weaves an complicated and fascinating pattern within Chinese society.
Tea growing in China is an art form in itself. The tea- growing areas, with their special climates and lands, produce teas of exceptional quality. From the misty mountain s of Fujian to the green landscapes of Yunnan, different areas offer a rich variety of tea types.
The process of making tea is careful and detailed. It involves exact measurements of water temperature, the right amount of tea leaves, and a certain steeping time to get the fullest flavor and smell. This care for details shows the Chinese people's search for excellence in all parts of life.
Tea is not merely a beverage; it is a thing that helps social relations. It brings people together, whether in family get- togethers, friendly meetings, or business talks. The act of sharing a cup of tea is a sign of kindness and connection. And the many tea- houses all over the country offer places for people to relax, talk, and enjoy the peace that tea gives. Moreover, tea ceremonies are an important part of Chinese culture. These ceremonies are complex and formal, showing the grace and elegance of Chinese traditions. They involve exact movements and a deep respect for the tea and the process.
In addition to its social and cultural importance, tea in China is also known for its possible health benefits. It is thought to have anti- oxidant(抗氧化的)features and is linked to various good effects on physical health.
As China keeps moving forward and modernizing, its tea culture is still strongly fixed, a proof of its historical and cultural importance. It keeps attracting both the Chinese people and those from around the world, inviting them to explore and enjoy the beauty and depth of this great cultural phenomenon.
(1)、What is the main reason for the rich variety of tea types in China?A、Different processing methods. B、Different people's preferences. C、Different regions' climates and lands. D、Different times of harvest.(2)、What does the word "beverages" mean in the passage?A、A type of food that is sweet and usually served as dessert. B、A tool or equipment used for cooking. C、A kind of medicine that helps to cure diseases. D、Something that people drink, such as water, juice, or coffee.(3)、What is the main feature of tea ceremonies in China?A、Simple and casual. B、Complicated and formal. C、Fast- paced and efficient. D、Loud and lively.(4)、Why is tea culture still firmly rooted in China?A、Because of its long history. B、Because it is profitable. C、Because it is easy to maintain. D、Because the government promotes it.