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Months later, after a job interview at another company, I got a call From the manager. "3 , we decided to offer the job to someone else," he said. "Would you like to hear the feedback (反馈)?"

The manager went on to tell me I hadn't expressed my4 for applying for the position. The feedback was5 to hear, but he was right. As I just wanted a job in my home city, I didn't6 much whether it fit my interests. The job at the company was something I was capable of doing, but I didn't feel7 about it — and that showed in the interview.

From then on, I decided to carefully evaluate each job opening and only8 at I was interested in. In my applications, I also began9 clearly why I wanted that particular job. Soon my effort10 , as I got an offer I was truly excited about.

Years later, I found myself on the other side of the table, interviewing11 for a position in my lab. One of them got my attention. On paper, his application looked12 , but the interview went badly. He didn't seem to have done any reading13 about my research, which made me wonder14 he was truly interested in working with me.

When I called to tell him, I couldn't offer him the15 , he was disappointed. I then told him where he could16 in future interviews. As the17 went on, I got the sense that he was grateful for what I said.

Nowadays, when my own trainees apply for positions else where, I encourage them to18 feedback. It's never pleasant to19 constructive criticism, but if we are told where we are lagging (落后), we are more likely to avoid making the same20 in the future.

—Well, _________, but I can't quite think who he is.

(1)建议投稿内容；

(2)就以上建议简要说明理由。

注意：(1)词数100左右；

(2)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Jim,

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

Is there a clear advantage of one style over the other? Hedgehog thinkers tend to answer yes. And they are usually very credible in doing so. According to Jim Hart, the "hedgehog concept" is one of the factors that lead companies to greatness. They focus on one thing and do it really well. They figure out what they are good at. The hedgehog concept makes perfect sense for companies.

Philip Tate has studied the track records of those folks on the Sunday talk shows who make predictions about what will happen. He has found that hedgehogs are not only wrong more often than foxes, but that they are less likely to recognise or admit that they are wrong when events do not match their predictions.

The advantage that foxes have is that they are more likely to seek out new information from a broader range of sources, and are comfortable with uncertainty and new information. They try to include it in their viewpoint rather than to exclude it from their thinking. They also have a clearer estimation of what they know and don't know.

So, which is better? The question can be answered in a foxy hedgehog style. The choice between being a hedgehog or a fox is a false trade-off. The most effective way to go through life is to try to be that rare mixture known as foxy hedgehog.

A. In other words, there are clear advantages for each.

B. They are more likely to remember people's mistakes.

C. Hence, they have the advantage of clarity and confidence.

D. But there can be a downside to concentration on one big thing.

E. However, hedgehogs remain open to others' reactions and inputs.

F. When something is contradictory to their view, they don't treat it as exceptional.

G. They come down squarely on one side or the other and fully support their position.

The similarity of moral virtues across cultures is striking, even though the relative ranking of the virtues may vary with a social group's history and environment. Typically, cruelty and cheating are discouraged, while cooperation, humbleness and courage are praised. These universal norms far pre-date the concept of any moralising religion or written law. Instead, they are rooted in the similarity of basic human needs and our shared mechanisms for learning and problem solving. Our social instincts (本能) include the intense desire to belong. The approval of others is rewarding, while their disapproval is strongly disliked. These social emotions prepare our brains to shape our behaviour according to the norms and values of our family and our community. More generally, social instincts motivate us to learn how to behave in a socially complex world.

The mechanism involves a repurposed reward system originally used to develop habits important for self-care. Our brains use the system to acquire behavioural patterns regarding safe routes home, efficient food gathering and dangers to avoid. Good habits save time, energy and sometimes your life. Good social habits do something similar in a social context. We learn to tell the truth, even when lying is self-serving; we help a grandparent even when it is inconvenient. We acquire what we call a sense of right and wrong.

Social benefits are accompanied by social demands: we must get along, but not put up with too much. Hence self-discipline is advantageous. In humans, a greatly enlarged brain boosts self-control, just as it boosts problem-solving skills in the social as well as the physical world. These abilities are strengthened by our capacity for language, which allows social practices to develop in extremely unobvious ways.