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1、阅读理解
Obese people experience discrimination (歧视) in many parts of their lives, and the workplace is no exception. Studies have long shown that obese workers, defined as those with a body-mass index (BMI) of 30 or more, earn significantly less than their slimmer co-workers.
Yet the costs of weight discrimination may be even greater than previously thought. "The overwhelming evidence," wrote the Institute for employment Studies, "is that it is only women living with obesity who experience the obesity wage penalty (薪资损失)." They were expressing a view that is widely aired in academic papers. To test it, The Economist has analyzed data concerning 23,000 workers from the American Time Use Survey, conducted by the Bureau of Labour Statistics. Our number-processing suggests that, in fact, being obese hurts the earnings of both women and men.
The data we analyzed cover men and women aged between 25 and 54 and in full-time employment. At a general level, it is true that men's BMIs are unrelated to their wages. But that changes for men with university degrees. For them, obesity is associated with a wage penalty of nearly 8%, even after accounting for the separate effects of age, race, graduate education and marital status.
The conclusion — that well-educated workers in particular are penalized for their weight — holds for both sexes. Moreover, the higher your level of education, the greater the penalty. We found that obese men with a Bachelor's degree (学士学位) earn 5% less than their thinner colleagues, while those with a Master's degree earn 14% less. Obese women, it is true, still have it worse: for them, the equivalent figures are 12% and 19%, respectively (分别地).
Your line of work makes a difference, too. When we dealt with the numbers for individual occupations and industries, we found the greatest differences in high-skilled jobs. Obese workers in health care, for example, make 11% less than their slimmer colleagues; those in management roles make roughly 9% less, on average. In sectors such as construction and agriculture, meanwhile, obesity is actually associated with higher wages.
These results suggest that the total costs of wage discrimination borne by overweight workers in America are greater than expected. Now, it's time for our governments to take it seriously.
(1)、What does the underlined word "it" refer to in paragraph 2?A、Obese men earn less salary. B、Only obese women earn less salary. C、Both obese men and women earn less salary. D、Weight discrimination may be greater than previously thought.(2)、Who may experience more discrimination compared to their colleagues according to the data?A、A fat woman office director. B、An obese construction worker. C、An obese man with a bachelor's degree. D、A heavier female doctor with a Doctor's degree.(3)、What is the writer's attitude of overweight discrimination?A、Supportive B、Objective C、Subjective D、indifferent(4)、What might the author continue talking about?A、Overweight discrimination in other countries. B、The reason of discriminating obese people in their lives. C、American people's attitude towards overweight discrimination. D、Actions taken against overweight discrimination in workplaces. -
2、阅读理解
More than one-third of the world's food is wasted or thrown away, most of which ends up in landfills, producing very large amounts of planet-warming greenhouse gases. Now, many studies show that it is becoming harder to grow enough food to feed an increasing population due to climate change and soil degradation.
But one of the most promising and simplest solutions lies in the problem itself: this wasted food — if composted (堆肥) — could slow climate change and improve soil quality. Higher-quality soil also continues to absorb more carbon from the atmosphere, helping to improve plants and contributing further to fighting climate change. Returning one ton of organic matter to each hectare of soil would increase the production of cereal crops each year in Africa, Asia and South America by millions of tons.
While it is true that people can compost in their yards, community gardens, or even on their kitchen counters, larger-scale efforts, including infrastructure (基础设施) and incentives (激励) for consumers, would take it to the next level. Imagine if consumers could just leave unwanted food in a roadside bin for pickup, or drop it off at a local store, earning a few cents a bucket, just like what has been offered for recycling bottles or newspapers.
Moreover, in the case of composting, the payment incentive system would be sustainable because the end-product of compost can be sold to farmers, making it an economically workable model, something that is often lacking in recycling, especially for certain materials, like many types of plastics.
Eventually, more widespread composting of food would pave the way for solutions to additional waste challenges, such as the disposal of packaging and clothing. This will have other positive effects as well; if more consumers compost, companies will be more inspired to make and use compostable packaging, clothing, and other products. While more compostable items are starting to emerge today, additional composting will further drive demand and innovation, and offer a game-changing solution for the planet.
(1)、What is paragraph 1 mainly about?A、The uneven distribution of food around the world. B、The burden of population growth on the planet. C、The urgency of properly dealing with wasted food. D、The great impact of climate change on food.(2)、What can be learned about the approach to composting wasted food?A、A good system is needed to carry out it effectively. B、It would take a long term to have an effect. C、It is only workable on a small scale. D、It may raise people's awareness of reducing food waste.(3)、What does the author think of the payment incentive system of composting food?A、It is highly profitable. B、It is easy to carry out. C、It is a sustainable economic cycle pattern. D、It is more effective than other recycling systems.(4)、What can be a suitable title for the text?A、How Wasted Food Could Be Reduced B、How Wasted Food Could Save the Planet C、How Wasted Food Could Impact Humans D、How Wasted Food Could Become a Business -
3、阅读理解
The two-week Harvard Pre-College Program is an intense and exciting experience of the college life. The admission committee is now looking for mature, academically motivated students who will graduate from high school and enter college in 2022.
The Course Experience
With over 30 courses to choose from, you're sure to find a topic that interests you. Although courses are non-credit and do not have letter grades, you need to attend the class in its entirety. When class is not in session, you can participate in creative and social activities. At the end of the program, you'll receive a written evaluation from your instructor, as well as a transcript (成绩单).
Time
·July 24 — August 5
How to Apply
Complete an online application and provide supplemental (补充的) materials, including:
·The $75 non-refundable application fee.
·Transcripts from 9th grade to fall 2021 grades: This can include progress reports, report cards, and educational summaries from your high school
·If English is not your native language, submit scores from the TOEFL IBT or IELTS language proficiency exam along with your application.
Cost & Aid
The total fee for a Harvard Pre-College Program 2022 session is $4,950. The program fee includes tuition, room and board, and activity costs for the full two weeks. There is also a non-refundable $75 application fee and $100 health insurance.
A limited number of scholarships are available to assist students who demonstrate financial need. Awards vary based on need, and atypical award covers part of the tuition.
How to contact us
Interested in learning more about the program? Complete our request form, and a member of cur team will contact you.
Phone:(617) 495-4023
Email: precollege@summer.harvard.cn
(1)、Which is a requirement for students attending the course?A、Completing 30 courses. B、Getting required credits. C、Having a full attendance. D、Prioritizing social activities.(2)、What should be included in supplemental materials?A、Health certificate. B、Academic conditions. C、Financial declaration. D、Personal integrity.(3)、What's the full payment for an admitted student on the program?A、$75. B、$100. C、$4,950. D、$5,125. -
4、 听材料,回答问题。(1)、Who use camels in their sports?A、Americans. B、The Arabs. C、Chinese people.(2)、 Which sport listed below has the longest history?A、Baseball. B、Basketball. C、Running.(3)、How old is volleyball sport?A、Below 200 years. B、About 300 years. C、Over 1, 000 years.(4)、What often comes out of a game in the speaker's opinion?A、War. B、Pride. C、Friendship.
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5、 听材料,回答问题。(1)、In which place did Lisa find the wallet?A、A park. B、A parking lot. C、A shopping mall.(2)、What is inside the wallet?A、A photo of a person. B、Some paper and an ID card. C、Some money and business cards.(3)、Who does the wallet probably belong to?A、A businessman. B、An old lady. C、A school boy.(4)、 How will Lisa get in touch with the wallet's owner?A、By making a telephone call. B、By asking the police for help. C、By waiting where she found the wallet.
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6、 听材料,回答问题。(1)、Whose house is the girl going to on Sunday?A、Susie's. B、Mary's. C、Jenny's.(2)、 What will the girl probably do on Friday?A、See a movie. B、Go shopping. C、Watch a basketball game.(3)、 Why does the girl want her father to buy a new backpack for her?A、Her backpack is lost. B、Her backpack is broken. C、Her backpack is full of books.
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7、 听材料,回答问题。(1)、Who did Fred have a fight with last night?A、A storekeeper. B、A policeman. C、His brother.(2)、Where is Fred now?A、At home. B、In the hospital. C、In the police station.
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8、 听材料,回答问题。(1)、What does the man's friend want to drink?A、Orange juice. B、Milk with sugar. C、Coffee with milk.(2)、How much should the man pay?A、10 yuan. B、90 yuan. C、100 yuan.
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9、 When did the fire probably break out?A、At about 7. B、At about 8. C、At about 9.
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10、 Where does the conversation probably take place?A、In a bank. B、In a department store. C、In a ticket office.
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11、 What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A、Salesgirl and customer. B、Wife and husband. C、Passenger and driver.
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12、 Which program does the man like best?A、History. B、News. C、Sports.
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13、 What would the man like to order?A、Some coffee. B、Some apple juice. C、A cup of tea.
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14、 假定你是育才中学学生会主席李华 ,你校即将举行主题为"Let's go green now"的一项环保活动。请你用英语写一封倡议书,要点包括:
①倡导绿色生活的原因;
②实践途径(至少三点)。如:使用可重复利用的物品:出行方式的改变;利用可再生能源;树木的种植;节约自然资源等等;
③呼吁大家积极参加。
注意:
1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Boys and girls.
With development of society and economy, the number of private cars is increasing at a surprising speed.
The Students' Union
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15、阅读表达
Peking opera, known as China's national opera, is a combination of music, dance and art and is widely regarded as a full expression of Chinese culture. Today, this art form is facing the danger of extinction as the younger generation is mostly interested in pop culture.
A Peking opera project for primary and secondary schools was launched by China's Ministry of Education. But it has met with a cold reaction from the public. More than half of the 1, 000 respondents from ten big cities expressed doubts about the practical meaning of the project in the survey conducted by the Social Survey Institute of China.
The project plans to add 15 Peking opera pieces into music courses in 200 schools in ten provinces. The pilot programs will last from March to July next year. At present, teaching materials and video tapes are still in production, China News Service reported. The Ministry of Education hopes that the promotional course can help students better appreciate Chinese culture and cultivate a love for the mother country.
The surveyed people do recognize Peking opera as a comprehensive (综合性的) art form and a representative of the traditional culture. They also understand the purpose of the educational project. However, they wonder whether it is necessary for every student to learn to sing Peking opera, when they are already stressed from endless exams. In fact, most music teachers themselves know little about this ancient art form, and thus are not confident in arousing (激起) students' Interest in its slow pace and abstruse (深奥的) lyrics.
(1)、What's Peking opera widely regarded as? (No more than 10 words)(2)、What does the underlined word "extinction" in Paragraph I mean? (No more than 3 words)(3)、Why did China's Ministry of Education launch a Peking opera project for primary and secondary schools? (No more than 20 words)(4)、Why are most music teachers not confident in teaching Peking opera pieces? (No more than 10 words)(5)、 What do you think of the Peking opera project for schools? (No more than 20 words) -
16、阅读理解
In the Hollywood movie The Martian, actor Matt Damon plays an astronaut who grows food on Mars (火星) to survive alone on the red planet.
After seeing the movie, Washington State University physicist Michael Allen and University of Idaho food scientist Helen Joyner decided to carry out a case study helping students figure out how to farm on Mars. In the case study, students had to imagine they were mining on Mars and decide how to feed themselves there before starting on the journey. They got advice from Allen and Joyner on how to select crops and take the challenges of growing crops over long periods on Mars. Students used a scoring system to select three foods to plant on Mars.
Allen found the results impressive: among 30 students, "no two people have ever gotten the same answer", he said.
Human travelers to Mars will likely have to make use of resources on the planet rather than take everything they need with them on a spaceship. This means farming their own food on another planet, one that has a very different ecosystem (生态系统) from Earth's.
One challenge for those who would like to live on Mars is the fact that there can be no farming tools. Like real astronauts, students taking part in the study cannot take farming tools with them. As Joyner put it to his student astronauts, "You are starting with nothing." Besides, students also have to deal with a very limited choice of diet. "If you had to eat a single food for the rest of your life, could you do it?" Joyner asked.
But Allen believes the case study is about more than farming and eating on the Red Planet. "I'm not teaching about growing food on Mars," Allen said, "I'm teaching about living with choices. I'm teaching about problem solving."
(1)、What made Michael Allen and Helen Joyner carry out the case study?A、A trip. B、A book. C、A movie. D、A lecture.(2)、 In the case study, students have to ____.A、start with everything B、try different tools C、watch the movie D、select three foods(3)、What might be the challenge for people living on Mars?A、They have a limited choice of diet. B、They have a lot of farming tools. C、They have to take part in the study. D、They have to select crops on Mars.(4)、 Michael Allen thinks that the case study teaches the students ____.A、how to look for foods on Mars B、to know more about Earth C、how to solve problems D、to learn about gardening(5)、The passage is mainly about ____.A、a research on how to farm on Mars B、a Hollywood movie The Martian C、how to survive alone on Earth D、how to design a scoring system -
17、阅读理解
Spring lifts our spirits. It's a time for Nature to bring us back to life after a cold season. I live not far from the Kairaku Park, which is one of the largest gardens in Japan, and famous for its near 10,000 plum trees. I am fortunate to have them all outside my backyard, and take advantage of the walking paths daily.
I see the same trees and swans every day, but that day was different. At the edge of the small lake, I saw some new-born black swans. They were pretty and cute. They stayed with their mom. While taking a few photos of the sunset, I was interrupted by a high sound going on for some time. So I turned around and saw one little swan was stuck by two stones. Its mother was trying to make it out but failed. I tried to get near but the mother was ever so angry! She wouldn't allow me to get close, so I turned to an old man sitting on the bench and said, "Excuse me, the swan baby can't move and I want to help it, but the mother is extremely angry! Could you please do me a favor?"
After hearing my words, the man smiled at me first and then agreed to help me. He drove the mother away with great efforts, and for several times, he was almost hurt by the mother. Thanks to him, I was able to get there and push the little swan out of the gap finally. Oh, I really hoped it wasn't injured, but at least it was alive and swimming!
In spring, I become more physically active. Things around don't make us, but Nature does, and it keeps us going. I am positive that all of us have a little piece of nature in our own neighborhoods. Somewhere we will be reminded why natural life is so important because we grow with it! Personally, I am happy that baby birds can put a smile on my face! I struggle for having a small number of "things" in life, and being filled with simple reality — at one with Nature.
(1)、What can we know about the author from Paragraph 1?A、Her favorite season is spring. B、She enjoys doing outdoor sports. C、Her backyard is filled with plum trees. D、She is satisfied with her living environment.(2)、 Why was that day special for the author?A、She took a few photos of the sunset. B、She made a little swan's mother angry. C、She met some swans and helped one of them. D、She met an old man and made friends with him.(3)、What kind of person is probably the old man?A、Patient. B、Warm-hearted. C、Selfish. D、Outgoing.(4)、What makes us more physically active according to the author?A、Nature. B、The neighborhood. C、The garden. D、The things around.(5)、It can be inferred from the passage that the author ____.A、is really a nature lover B、is short of some life skills C、calls on people to help the weakD transforms her plan into reality
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18、阅读理解
The 2024 Peace Poetry Awards
The awards contest is to encourage people to explore peace and the human spirit. There are three age categories: Adult (19 & over), Youth (13-18), and Youth (12 & under). The yearly contest is open to people worldwide. Your poems must be unpublished, and in English.
Deadline
All entries must be submitted by July 1st. 2024.
Entry Fee
Adult (19 & over) — $15
Youth (13 - 18) — $5
Youth (12 & under) — no fee
Notes
1). You may submit up to three unpublished poems. At most 30 lines per poem.
2). Include name, address, email, telephone number, and age in the upper right-hand corner of each poem. For the Youth (12 & under) category, please also include your school's name and your teacher's name.
3). Title each poem.
4). Please keep copies of all entries as we will be unable to return them.
5). Email your entries to: cwarner@napf.org and Click here to pay your entry fee online; or send your entries and entry fee to Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, 1622 Anacapa Street, Santa Barbara, CA 93101.
Awards
Adult Winner — $1,000
Youth (13-18) Winner — $200
Youth (12 & under) Winner — $200
Winners will be announced by October 1st, 2024 on our website. Winners will be notified by email. Past years winning poems can be found here.
(1)、What does the contest encourage people to explore?A、Development and challenge. B、Cooperation and competition. C、Peace and human spirit. D、Disease and health.(2)、What can we learn about the contest?A、It includes two categories. B、It is held every three years. C、It only accepts poems in English. D、It is only open to people aged 12 and over.(3)、 You should write the following in the upper right-hand corner of each poem EXCEPT ____.A、name B、email C、age D、fax(4)、To enter the contest, a 12-year-old boy must ____.A、pay an entry fee of $5 B、write a poem of at least 30 lines C、submit his entry by October 1st, 2024 D、include his teacher's name in his entry(5)、What will an adult winner get?A、$200 in prize money. B、$1,000 in prize money. C、A collection of this year's winning poems. D、A collection of past years winning poems. -
19、完形填空
Life will be peaceful if you always do kind things. I teach my daughters to develop a habit of 1 others. The little acts of 2 give you chances to provide service for others. They can make you feel how 3 it is to be kind and helpful.
We 4 in a rural (乡村的) area. Most of what we 5 is beautiful nature. One of the exceptions to the 6 is the rubbish that some people throw out of their car windows as they drive along the rural roads. One of the few 7 of living here is short of 8 public services, such as rubbish collection, which is common in the 9 .
A helping behavior that I practice regularly with my daughters is driving around to pick up rubbish in our neighborhood. My daughters often have a 10 to see who can collect the most rubbish. They will often say to me in a(n) 11 voice, "There's some rubbish, Daddy- 12 the car!" And if we have time, we will often get out of our car and pick it up. 13 it may seem strange, we do it. In fact, we 14 it. We pick up rubbish in parks, on sidewalks, almost anywhere. One day, seeing a stranger picking up rubbish or the road, I stopped. He 15 his head and smiled, "I saw you doing this with your family. It's a good 16 to protect our environment."
There are many other ways to 17 kindness for others. You may share a dinner with a beggar, visit 18 old people in the nursing home, or help the blind 19 the street. You can think of something that can be finished 20 but helpful. It is fun, self-satisfying, and what's more, it can set a good example. Helping others is helping yourself.
(1)A 、 watching B 、 helping C 、 welcoming D 、 teaching(2)A 、 carefulness B 、 peace C 、 kindness D 、 interest(3)A 、 great B 、 unusual C 、 easy D 、 sad(4)A 、 work B 、 travel C 、 live D 、 stay(5)A 、 dream B 、 see C 、 need D 、 develop(6)A 、 environment B 、 weather C 、 stair D 、 beauty(7)A 、 disadvantages B 、 favorites C 、 wishes D 、 answers(8)A 、 sensitive B 、 necessary C 、 energetic D 、 accurate(9)A 、 sky B 、 village C 、 city D 、 street(10)A 、 match B 、 chance C 、 meeting D 、 lesson(11)A 、 surprised B 、 tired C 、 excited D 、 frightened(12)A 、 speed B 、 start C 、 move D 、 stop(13)A 、 Although B 、 But C 、 And D 、 Since(14)A 、 understand B 、 experience C 、 forget D 、 enjoy(15)A 、 covered B 、 lowered C 、 shook D 、 raised(16)A 、 sport B 、 idea C 、 result D 、 question(17)A 、 describe B 、 buy C 、 provide D 、 make(18)A 、 puzzled B 、 successful C 、 healthy D 、 lonely(19)A 、 clean B 、 cross C 、 repair D 、 draw(20)A 、 suddenly B 、 impossibly C 、 easily D 、 gradually -
20、 —I have been working hard at my English in the past two months, but I think I make little progress in it.
____ , Emma! Your English will soon be perfect.
A、I can't help it B、Make it C、Hang in there D、You really have me there