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Changes in the structure (结构) of the middle class were particularly influential. In the1800s and early 1900s, the middle class was made up of business owners or professionals like lawyers and doctors. Ownership of property (财产) and strong family ties had often been the keys to wealth and standing within the middle class. But after 1945, things changed in Western Europe. A new breed of managers and experts serving the needs of big organizations took the place of traditional property owners as the leaders of the middle class. At the same time, the middle class grew massively and became harder to define.

There were several reasons for these developments. The growth of industry and technology required more managers and technologists. Moreover, the old middle class lost control of family businesses, and many small businesses closed as their former owners became salaried workers. Top managers and ranking civil servants, often trained in engineering or accounting, formed a new middle class of specialists from various social backgrounds. Thus the new middle class, which was based largely on specialized skills and high levels of education, was more open, democratic, and less secure than the old middle class.

The rising standard of living and the spread of standardized consumer goods also worked to level European society, as the percent of income spent on food and drink declined substantially and people began to purchase a wider range of goods beyond just food and drinks. For example, the European car industry experienced significant growth after lagging far behind the United States since the 1920s. In 1948 there were only 5 million cars in Western Europe, but in 1965 there were 44 million. Like Americans, Europeans bought household goods like washing machines and TVs using credit, which was made easier by installment purchasing. This, along with better social security, made them more willing to take on debt.

The science about fats and cholesterol (胆固醇) is often counterintuitive (违反直觉的). Even qualified dietitians can be confused by it. Some diets that are supposed to be healthy can actually make your cholesterol go up. This can happen because not eating enough can mess with your body's hormones (激素).

Too much fat in the diet has long been known to be bad for your heart health. But, after decades of pointing fingers at all non-vegetable fats, science has now decisively changed its mind. The research starting in the 1950s, which claimed that eating fats would make your cholesterol go up and lead to heart problems, has been proved to be not always true. What has been called the ‘French paradox' by American scientists reflects the fact that in France — as in many other countries — people may have high cholesterol levels and high consumption of saturated fats (饱和脂肪) but low cases of heart disease. This is because other things, like smoking, which can also affect your heart, are often ignored. In 2014, a review of seventy - two different studies of heart disease and saturated fats, conducted by the British Heart Foundation, found that there wasn't a connection between eating fat and heart problems.

But even though the review showed no connection, government advice remains in place to limit the amount of fats eaten, especially saturated ones. The food industry sometimes helps make the advice that governments give about eating healthy. They made a picture called the ‘Eatwell Plate' to show people what to eat. But most people in the UK eat too much fat, and now it's mostly from things like vegetable oils, not from animals.

Brier was brought up in a family where the Red Cross values were very strong. Her father used to lead many philanthropic (慈善的) organizations. "It was really just my family value to be concerned about other people," she said.

Determined to do something big, she got her master's in social work and then began her long and fulfilling career in the field of mental health. "I always cared a lot about people who were going through difficult times. I really wanted to help them."

In 1991, she concluded her professional career. However, within a few months of retiring, she found herself missing social work and it was then that she joined the Red Cross. She was sent to Florida to help families hit by a big storm. There she was part of a program formed by the American Red Cross — Disaster (灾难) Mental Health. In 1995, Brier was asked by the head of Disaster Services at the Red Cross in New York to help start a similar program in the area.

As a pioneer in the field of disaster mental health, she believes that developing such a program for the Red Cross has been extremely important. "It's made a huge difference. We did a great deal of work educating people about mental health aspects and why they were important," she adds.

She knows it's important to take care of her own feelings, too. She protects her own mental health by using relaxation methods including yoga and walking and having other interests such as being a guide at the American Museum of Natural History. She knows she can also speak to Red Cross mental health volunteers.

Second Chance Toys

Founded in 2006, Second Chance Toys recycles plastic toys and donates them to community organizations that service children in need.

The organization partners with a number of drop-off locations across the U. S. You can find a location near you, register as a donor (捐赠人), sign up for a time to drop off your toys, and you're good to go!

The organization only accepts clean plastic toys with no small or missing parts.

Ronald McDonald House

The Ronald McDonald House houses thousands of children and families who experience severe medical care.

The organization does not accept used toys, but if you have any new and unopened toys, you can donate them to one of hundreds of locations across the U. S.

Stuffed Animals for Emergencies

Stuffed Animals for Emergencies (SAFE)accepts stuffed animal donations and gives them to children in need who have faced difficult times.

SAFE accepts new and used toys, no matter how old they are. The organization also accepts donations of old items like blankets, books and kids clothes.

You can find a chapter in your area and sign up to host a stuffed animal drive.

1. 活动过程（如：种苗、除草、施肥等）；

2. 活动感受。

参考词汇：seedling   n. 幼苗;   weed v.&n. 除草

注意：

1.词数120左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3. 开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。

We started our day at the local community farm. It was clear that this was not going to be a day of leisure, but a day of learning and physical labor.

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