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When Mrs. Russell finished one of her lessons, she was out of breath. A sudden burning stomachache started but she hoped her students wouldn't notice.

"You look pale, Mrs. Russell, are you alright?" a kid, Tony, asked. Mrs. Russell tried to explain everything was alright, but the words just wouldn't come out. She became unconscious and fell down in front of her class, and there were red and blue lights, many adults, and the sounds of children crying. An oxygen mask was then put on her.

"We'll see what we can do for Mrs. Russell. Now all of you have to go back to class and listen to whatever Ms. Hanson tells you, " Mr. Roberts, the headmaster, tried to ask Mrs. Russell' students to leave the office, but they wouldn't move. Tony and Hannah were at the front of the pack. They were told Mrs. Russell needed surgery, and hospitals cost money.

"We want to have Mrs. Russell come back! She's the best teacher ever. Please help us, Ms. Hanson, " Hannah said, and all the kids nodded. "Kids, let's go back to the classroom and brainstorm together about helping Mrs. Russell, " Ms. Hanson guided them back to the classroom and she instructed them to write a greeting card to Mrs. Russell.

"A card is not enough to save Mrs. Russell. She needs money to afford the surgery. We need a grown-up to help. "Tony told his classmates at break. All the kids were thinking hard, and suddenly, Asher spoke up. "My big sister is a senior in high school. Well, I think she can make a link on a website or something. Then we can raise the money needed and help Mrs Russell!"

All the classmates agreed and went home to tell their elder brothers or sisters about this idea. Asher's big sister, Dianne, started an online group, and she made an internet link immediately with her parents' approval.

注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。

The link and the group were shared throughout the community quickly. 

Mrs. Russell was back at school two months later. 

注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Hans, 

I am Li Hua, a student from class 5. 

Yours, 

Li Hua

Xuan paper is known as the "Paper of Ages" for its many unique qualities. The term Xuan paper first appeared in a book written by Tang Dynasty scholar Zhang Yanyuan, in he described Xuan paper as ideal carrier for calligraphy and painting.

The traditional craft of making Xuan paper is (extreme) demanding. Sandalwood bark(檀香树皮), a plant native to southern China, goes through 108 procedures together with rice straw over the course of three years  it can transform into a batch of fine Xuan paper. The entire procedure is so complex that even the most skilled craftsman can only master (limit) steps. 

The flow of ink, both guided and resisted by water, (determine) the output of Chinese art, and Xuan paper outshines others with (it) excellent ability to give full play to ink. Different rates of bark to straw during the paper-making process can create different paper best suited  artistic expression in freehand ink paintings or calligraphy. 

Xuan paper (accompany) the passionate brushstrokes of the Chinese artists for thousands of years. Unlike other forms of paper, it is very resistant to damage brought by time, which has made it possible (preserve) many valuable works from ancient China. 

Paper-making is a wisdom of the ancient Chinese, and Xuan paper is the peak of paper-making. 

Everyone could use a little sunshine in their life right now, so a Wisconsin farmer 1 to plant more than two million sunflowers in his fields. Scott Thompson's family has been 2 in Kenosha County for more than 70 years, and this is the first year that 3 have decorated the landscape. Usually, the pick-your-own farm 4 strawberries in summer and pumpkins in the fall.

Located just 10 miles from Kenosha, Wisconsin, Thompson Strawberry Farm is 5  people to a simpler family outing where they can picnic and take home a dozen sunflowers. Thompson and his wife thought it would be 6  to spread a little happiness to their 7 . 

Thompson 8 more than 22 acres of flowers. The flowers are planted in more than 15 fields to provide 9 for social distance and spread out. Word of the sunshine oasis (绿洲) has spread 10 through word of mouth as people come to enjoy a small 11 from reality. "Everyone is so 12 " Thompson said. "We've got all these 13 on the NET. If I'm out in the field, everybody is like ‘Thanks for doing this, ' (and) ‘This is what I need. ' "

In addition to sunflowers, Thompson also planted a field of wildflowers, and Mexican sunflowers that are known for 14  butterflies. Thompson said the sunflowers will be a 15  thing at the farm, even without a pandemic. 

Beach is a relaxing place to catch waves, get some sun, enjoy picnic, spot wildlife and go exploring. Here are tips from experts on how to be a better beachgoer, so future generations of sea lovers can get their beach therapy(疗法) when they need it. 

Use safer sunblock

Many sunblocks advertise that they are "reef-friendly", which has no firm definitions, and their usage isn't regulated by governmental bodies. . Only purchase mineral-based sunscreens so that it won't do harm to reefs.

Get involved

 If you forget to bring one, find an abandoned bag at the beach. It may seem a little gesture, but it will help remove rubbish. By working together people can really make a difference. 

Thoughtful toys for kids

It's fun for your little ones to play with plastic toys in the sand. . They end up polluting the environment and can be accidentally eaten by animals, causing them serious harm on even killing them. Pack metal or wooden toys instead.

Read the signs

Signs at the beach aren't optional reading. They tell you where you can't go and what you can't do, so you don't mess with the local ecosystem. . They are storm barriers and home to many animals.

Destroy what you build

It doesn't matter how much time and effort your children spent building sand castles or digging tunnels: if you are on a beach marked as a sea turtle habitat, fill in the trench and knock down the structure. Sea turtles have heavy bodies and they can die if they fall into a hole and get trapped. .

A. So it's best to read the fine print carefully

B. Beach-goers are generally advised to stay off sand hills

C. Thus, try your best to be a considerate eco-friendly tourist

D. However, plastic toys break easily, leaving behind bits and pieces

E. Sand structures also can prevent them from reaching birthing areas

F. Bring a reusable bag to clean up while you're walking the shoreline

G. Have your children pick up trash with you when walking on the beach

While conducting a survey by airplane of northern Guatemala, researchers detected an ancient Maya site. "We can now see the entire landscape of the Maya region" in this section of Guatemala, said Carlos Morales-Aguilar, one of the researchers from the Department of Geography and the Environment at the University of Texas.

The findings were the result of the survey using lidar (雷达), or light detection and ranging, which has been revolutionary for studying historic sites. In lidar, lasers are sent out and the reflected light is used to create imagery of a landscape. The technology is particularly beneficial in areas with limited visibility such as the rainforest in maya site, as lasers can enter the heavy tree canopy, the thick cover formed by the leafy upper branches in a forest. 

The lidar data showed "for the first time an area that was integrated politically and economically, and never seen before in other places in the Western Hemisphere (西半球), " Carlos wrote in the study. Using data from the scans, the team identified more than 1, 000 settlements dotting the region. They were interconnected by 100 miles of causeways that the Maya likely traveled on foot. They also detected the remains of several large platforms and pyramids, along with canals and reservoirs used for water collection.

So what made this region so attractive that the Maya would want to settle there in the first place?

"For the Maya the Mirador-Calakmul Karst Basin was the ‘Goldilocks Zone', " Ross Ensley wrote, partner of Carlos, a geologist from the Institute for Geological Study of the Maya Lowlands in Houston, Texas. "The Maya settled in this region because it had the right mix of uplands for settlement and lowlands for agriculture. " Uplands lie above the level where flooding occurs. They provided a source for limestone, their primary building material, and dry land to live on. The lowlands are mostly seasonal swamps (沼泽), which provided space for wetland agriculture as well as organic-rich soil for use in terraced agriculture.

Researchers hope lidar technology will help them explore sections of Guatemala that have remained a mystery for centuries. 

It's known that reading is good for a child's vocabulary and literacy skills, teaching them math or science concepts and helping them learn history. Apart from those, reading has another benefit. Have you read a story and felt tears well up because of a character's suffering? If so, that is because you have empathy (共鸣) for the character — and empathy can be learned through various fictions. "It's a magic eye that sees into other people's hearts, " explains author Cressida Cowell.

Research shows that human brains react differently to stories and facts. "Many more areas of your brain light up when you're enjoying a story, " explains Miranda McKearney from EmpathyLab, an organization that builds empathy through reading. "Your brain thinks you are in the story… This means you experience the characters' thoughts as if they are real. "

Empathy helps you to read people's emotions and work out the best way to respond. This skill, called emotional intelligence, can make it easier to communicate and connect with people. Research has shown that building empathy can lead to greater kindness and tolerance. One study found that children who read the Harry Potter novels — which tell stories about humans fighting against the evil — were less likely to behave unfairly towards powerless groups including refugees (难民).

This theory has been put into practice by St Michael's Primary School. After reading The Boy at the Back of the Class — a story about a boy who is a refugee escaping from the war — students in that school were inspired to do a 10-mile walk for the non-profit organization Refugee Action. Their empathy also spurred them to raise £1, 000 for people who were forced to leave their homes because of war.

Reading encourages children to empathise with others, which could potentially lead to several beneficial learning outcomes, new research suggests. For society to develop, creative, communicative and empathetic individuals really matter. 

Dr. Elsa Olivetti has always been interested in how materials science can change the way we store energy. When she started her work at MIT, she was excited about discovering the secrets of sustainable battery production. 

During her research, her main focus was on a special kind of battery, called solid-state batteries, and a material named LLZO. She discovered a big challenge: finding and getting a special material called tantalum, which is not easy to find but necessary for the production of LLZO. This inspired her to look at the whole process of making batteries beyond the laboratory, from getting the materials to producing the final product. 

Dr. Olivetti and her team looked into how these materials are mined, processed, and turned into batteries. They found that if we want to use more electric cars in the future, we need to get much better at producing and delivering materials like tantalum. Then, Dr. Olivetti aims to figure out a creative solution to the challenge. She worked with industry leaders to develop sustainable mining practices and called on policy changes to support a better supply chain, which proves effective. 

Dr. Olivetti stresses that her work is not meant to replace traditional methods. Instead, it's meant to help make the battery production better by looking broadly at the things that could make energy storage efficient. Looking ahead, Dr. Olivetti remains committed to improving sustainable energy storage. She wants to make the production process less wasteful and more cost-effective, creating a future where energy storage is not only good but also kind to our planet.

Reflecting on her work, Dr. Olivetti often says that what she does is more than just science. "Each step we take towards more efficient and environmentally-friendly battery technology is a step towards a better world, " stressing the importance of curiosity and perseverance in the pursuit of scientific exploration.

The famous magazine, Runner's World, has chosen some of the best, most difficult and enjoyable UK races. 

Top of the Wolds 10K Challenge

This 10-km countryside track in Yorkshire is all fun until you take the left turn at Nunburnholme. At this point, you enter a serious uphill part, but thankfully the uphill part only lasts for around 1.5 km. You'll have about a kilometre to enjoy the views before the way takes you downhill again, and back to where you started in Warter — a cute little village.

Scurry2Bridges Run

This 161-km relay race is divided into 16 parts, so you each run 4 separate parts. Over the course of this day-long adventure, you'll each run about marathon distance while the workers will drive around for pick-ups and drop-offs at relay exchange points between the start in Dundee and the finish in Edinburgh.

Scafell Sky Race

Here's a trail run (越野跑) that is not suitable for beginners. With a total of 3, 500 m of ascent (上坡路), this is unquestionably one of the hardest events around. Good thing is that the views are beautiful, and that there's hot food and a bottle of apple juice waiting for you in the end.

Offa's Dyke 15

The traditional 15-mile distance begins at the Clock Tower in Hay-on-Wye and includes a few hard climbs before finishing in Kington. This year the hard event has added a challenging 10 km around Kington. 

It was a Saturday. Whether it was sunny or cloudy, hot or cold, I cannot remember, but I do remember it was a Saturday because the mall was full of people. 

I was with my mom. It is easy to miss her in a crowd simply because she is so ordinary. On that day we walked casually, taking quick looks at the store windows because we both knew we wouldn't be buying much, like always.

I remember I was looking up at the people passing by — at first uninterestedly, but then more carefully. Ladies wore bright and elegant clothing. They had no wrinkles (皱纹) on their faces ——wiped away with expensive creams. An uneasy feeling started to settle in my chest. I tried to push it out, but failed. It got more unbearable with every second until I could deny it no longer: I was ashamed of my mother. 

We were in a high-class neighborhood, living in a small, expensive apartment building that Mom chose to move to because she knew the schools were good. We were in a high-class neighborhood, but as I observed the passers-by and then turned my eyes on Mom, I realized for the first time that we didn't belong there. I could see the wrinkles around Mom's eyes and mouth, because she didn't use any creams. She dressed in cheap, worn-out clothes. Her eyes were tired from working long hours to make a living and her hair too grey for her age.

I looked at her, feeling ashamed. My mom is nothing extraordinary, yet at that moment she stood out because she was just so plain. Telling her to wait for me around the corner, I hurried away to the bathroom and didn't want to be seen with her. On the way to the bathroom, my eyes couldn't help falling on beautiful dresses. Each dress seemed like a work of art with delicate patterns. However, my heart sank as I knew they were far beyond my reach, further reducing my desire to return.

注意：1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

When I finally went back unwillingly, I found that Mom wasn't there.

Mom stood in a fancy store, holding a girl's dress that looked much too expensive.

注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Editor, 

I'm Li Hua, a student from Class 9.

Yours

Li Hua

It's a race against time. Generations of cultural heritage conservators at the Dunhuang Academy worked hard (preserve)the artistic charm of the Mogao Caves, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, despite erosion (侵蚀) by sand and wind.

Over the past three decades, the team members (restore) the 45, 000 square meters of murals (壁画) and more than 2, 400 painted sculptures of the 735 caves of the site, the construction of lasts for about a thousand years "Our work, repairing murals and painted sculptures, (be) to promote the great Dunhuang spirit of inclusiveness to the world and inspires modern people, " says Su Bomin, director of the Dunhuang Academy.

The restorers should respect the original work while (repair) it. When they find some parts of murals missing or fading away, they never repaint them to create "perfect" appearance in restoration "Cultural relics are (witness)of history, " explains Su "When you seek the so called perfect look artistic reasons, you will lose their key meaning. "

Cave conservation is about solving problems  (continuous) It is a long term process, over a much  (wide) time span that goes beyond our lifetimes. But at least, they can keep the current look of the murals for as long as possible. 

City walk gains popularity among young Chinese. Different from the fast-paced "special forces style" (特种部队式) tourism, city walk is 1 and not very purposeful.

To a certain extent, "special forces style" tourism is just a(n) 2 of regular travel, where young people spend 24 hours in a city with the same travel guides and check-in list. By comparison, city walk allows people to explore a city 3 without deliberately joining the 4 at popular tourist spots or waiting in 5 lines outside popular restaurants for hours. People 6 the past and present of a city as a local resident. After all, time is not 7 and the need for travel is not so pressing any more.

While "special forces style" tourists 8 fast pace and purposefulness, city walkers are completely slow and free. What really matters is 9 wandering. People expect that a trip frees themselves from high 10 and repetitive daily life. Since such words as leisure, 11 and purposelessness are associated with city walk, it seems not difficult to understand why young people are 12 about it.

When we were children in school, 45 minutes of class was worth a 10 minute 13 . As we have 14  and started working hard, we always want to 15  freedom in life during free time. City walk is a path where we can freely choose, plan, and explore. 

You know the scene: A child runs downstairs in pajamas to unwrap her holiday presents and sheds joyful tears as she hugs a new puppy rescued from a shelter. The music builds up, hearts double in size and faith in humanity is restored.  Before taking that step, there are a few things to consider. 

First is the element of surprise. The timing could be a surprise, but the animal should absolutely not be a surprise. The decision should be based on many conversations. Everyone involved should understand the long term consequences, children included. 

Next, you'll choose whether to adopt from a shelter or rescue. The y are across the country flooded with lovable animals. They also offer physical locations where you can meet a lot of animals at once. On the other hand, rescues are smaller and funded by donations. They often rely on fosters to house animals.

Applications and their processing times vary and can include tasks like proving that your landlord allows pets. Check to see if applying online is possible. If you're applying in person, make sure you know what to bring.

If you're worried about the huge responsibility of choosing the pet for your child, you can wrap a leash (牵引绳)or a pet bag as the gift, and then take the future pet owner to the shelter. This step will be more meaningful and memorable than just having an animal show up at your door.

A. Now, you can welcome the lovely one with open arms. 

B. Nothing is more beautiful than seeing your child smile. 

C. Shelters tend to be larger and quicker to process applications. 

D. Whichever you choose, apply and become approved as an adopter first. 

E. While it is sweet, giving a living creature as a gift isn't a light decision.

F. Involving your child in the selection process adds to the whole experience. 

G. Responsibilities can be assigned to them even before their new pet arrives. 

When you eagerly dig into a long-awaited dinner, it's traditionally believed that signals from your stomach to your brain stop you eating so much. However, a research team recently discovered that it's our sense of taste that immediately pulls us back from eating food overly on a hungry day. Stimulated by the perception of flavor, a set of brain cells become active to quickly curtail food intake.

Previous studies have suggested that the food taste may control how fast we eat, but it's been impossible to study relevant brain activities during eating because brain cells that control this process are located deep in our brains, making them hard to access or record in an awake animal. New techniques developed by the team allowed for the first-ever imaging and recording of a brainstem structure critical for feeling full, called NTS, in an active mouse.

The new study found that when researchers put food directly into the mouse's stomach, brain cells called PRLH were activated by signals from the gut (消化道), in line with traditional thinking. However, when they allowed the mice to eat the food as they normally would, those signals from the gut didn't show up. Instead, the PRLH brain cells switched to a new activity pattern that was entirely controlled by signals from the mouth. "It's astonishing that these cells were activated by the perception of taste, " said researchers. "It shows that there are other components of the appetite-control system that deserves our attention. "

The PRLH-activated slowdown also makes sense in terms of timing. The taste of food allows PRLH to switch their activity in seconds. In contrast, another group of brain cells, called CGC, takes several minutes to respond to signals from the gut. The good thing is that CGC can hold back hunger for a much longer time. These two sets of brain cells interact to work together: one uses taste to slow down eating, while the other signals that you are full. 

Understanding how body signals regulate appetite could improve weight-loss programs for the overweight by making use of interactions between signals from different brain cell sets. 

Imagine that you've just finished taking a multiple-choice test, and you start to second-guess one of your answers. You have some extra time — should you stick to your first instinct (直觉) or change it? About three quarters of students are convinced that changing their answers will hurt their scores. Experience indicates that many who change answers change to the wrong answer.

Despite the lessons of experience, what does evidence say? In a review of thirty-three studies, three psychologists found that the majority of answer changes were from wrong to right. Teachers have also found that students' final exams have few eraser marks, but those who do rethink their first answers rather than sticking to them end up improving their scores. This phenomenon is known as the first instinct fallacy (谬误).

We don't just hesitate to rethink our answers. We hesitate at the very idea of rethinking. Take an experiment where hundreds of college students learned about the first instinct fallacy for example. Researchers taught them about the value of changing their minds and gave them advice on when it makes sense to do so. In their next two tests, they were still unlikely to change their answers.

Part of the problem is cognitive (认知的) laziness. Psychologists point out that we favor the comfort of firmly-held beliefs over the discomfort of doubt. Questioning ourselves makes the world more unpredictable. It requires us to admit that the facts may have changed, and that what was once right may now be wrong. 

We've all heard about the popular story where a frog would immediately escape if dropped into boiling hot water, but it would stay if the water was gradually heated. However, it isn't true.

The frog will escape as soon as the water gets uncomfortably warm. It is just once we hear the story and accept it as true, we rarely bother to question it. So, it's not so much changing your answer that improves your score as considering whether you should change it.

After the death of her nature-loving mother, Margaret Renkl tenderly placed in an antique jar the "soft white hair" left behind in her mother's hairbrush. Years passed. When it no longer carried the scent (气味) she treasured, Renkl laid the hair across a tree branch in her yard. This act was meant as a direct invitation to the birds in her yard, and it was accepted: A bird used the hair for the nest it was building.

Renkl devotes only a half-page to this story, but it conveys the beautiful interaction of human and other animal lives at the heart of The Comfort of Crows. Starting in winter and continuing through the seasonal round, Renkl brings alive in 52 chapters her love for the animals and plants in her half-acre (半英亩) yard in Tennessee and in nearby parks. Equally moving, she admits her desperation at the human-caused crisis the natural world faces, and her determination not to back off. 

Her determination is more than lip service. She cures a neighborhood fox against a skin disease, with the help of a trap, a bit of bacon, and advice from an animal doctor; ensures that leaves from the trees in her yard are not gathered so that insects overwinter and hungry birds can dine there; fills a garden with milkweed in support of monarch butterflies. 

With these steps, Renkl refuses to give up in the face of human-caused global warming that is changing our environment and harming other species. In these days of climate crisis, the phenomenon of ecological anxiety is real. In order to seize opportunities to help, many of us do require fuel to restore our spirits. Find that fuel in Renkl's chapters of The Comfort of Crows. The animals and plants so cherished by Renkl need us now more than ever.

Calling All Science Lovers

PacSci is always seeking exceptionally talented people who believe deeply in our mission and reflect our diverse community. PacSci offers a variety of job opportunities, from entry-level positions to management roles, all with opportunities to learn, and grow. 

Is this you?

·Intensely curious and motivated

·Passion for science and science education

·Team player

·Service-oriented

You might find yourself

·Interpreting exhibits

·Running planetarium(天文馆)shows

·Rowing down River Mercer Slough with summer campers

·Tending to the tropical tree leaves in our Butterfly House

·Managing details for private event sales

·Making things run smoothly behind the scenes

Benefits and bonus

·Exciting location in Seattle Center

·Easy access to public transportation(take the Monorail to work!)

·100% employer paid medical, dental, and vision benefit options

·Approximately 4 weeks of paid vacation plus 12 paid holidays annually

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Juju was the star dancer at school. She had a smile that would light up the room and movements as if she was creating the music. But when she was away from her high school dance class, she was more quiet, a little bit cautious — something the group of girls in her class noticed. 

In fact, Juju's real name is Julie. Raised up as an orphan (孤儿), she experienced a lack of familial support, which contributed to her sense of loneliness. More often than not, she hid behind the nickname, creating a bright character that covered up the pain she was experiencing. Julie kept schoolmates at a distance but let Juju out when the music was on. Though as an excellent dancer, her biggest regret was that none of her family ever came to watch her performances. She would watch sadly as other students were greeted with flowers and hugs from parents after the performances.

Observing Julie's closed nature outside of the dance room, Corrina, one of the other dance students, sensed her need for companionship. When she found her at lunchtime sitting alone, Corrina would invite Julie to join her table with other dance kids, including her as a member of their extended "family" . At first, they talked about dance and music. As the conversation turned to family, Juju would quickly shift the subject back to dance.

Despite this initial hesitance, trust between the girls gradually developed, and then a sister-like bond. They started spending more time together, not just in dance-related activities but also in their personal lives. 

As their high school years ended, the closing night performance for graduation was around the corner. While everyone was filled with excitement, Corrina sensed Julie's anxiety as curtain time approached. She knew Julie feared the post-show loneliness of having no family to celebrate with. So she took it upon herself to ensure that

Julie didn't feel alone on this important night.

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