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1、 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
What is life? Like most great questions, this one is easy to ask but difficult to answer. The reason is simple: we know of just one type of life and it's challenging to do science with a sample size of one. The field of artificial life-called ALife for short — is the systematic attempt to spell out life's fundamental principles. Many of these practitioners, so-called ALifers, think that somehow making life is the surest way to really understand what life is.
So far no one has convincingly made artificial life. This track record makes ALife a ripe target for criticism, such as declarations of the field's doubtful scientific value. Alan Smith, a complexity scientist, is tired of such complaints. Asking about "the point" of ALife might be, well, missing the point entirely, he says. "The existence of a living system is not about the use of anything." Alan says. "Some people ask me, ‘So what's the worth of artificial life?' Do you ever think, ‘What is the worth of your grandmother?'"
As much as many ALifers hate emphasizing their research's applications, the attempts to create artificial life could have practical payoffs. Artificial intelligence may be considered ALife's cousin in that researchers in both fields are enamored by a concept called open-ended evolution (演化). This is the capacity for a system to create essentially endless complexity, to be a sort of "novelty generator". The only system known to exhibit this is Earth's biosphere. If the field of ALife manages to reproduce life's endless "creativity" in some virtual model, those same principles could give rise to truly inventive machines.
Compared with the developments of Al, advances in ALife are harder to recognize. One reason is that ALife is a field in which the central concept — life itself — is undefined. The lack of agreement among ALifers doesn't help either. The result is a diverse line of projects that each advance along their unique paths. For better or worse, ALife mirrors the very subject it studies. Its muddled (混乱
) progression is a striking parallel (平行线) to the evolutionary struggles that have shaped Earth biosphere.Undefined and uncontrolled, ALife drives its followers to repurpose old ideas and generated novelty. It may be, of course, that these characteristics aren't in any way surprising or singular. They may apply universally to all acts of evolution. Ultimately ALife may be nothing special. But even this dismissal suggests something:perhaps, just like life itself throughout the universe, the rise of ALife will prove unavoidable.
(1)、Regarding Alan Smith's defence of ALife, the author is____.A、supportive B、puzzled C、unconcerned D、doubtful(2)、What does the word "enamored" underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?A、Shocked. B、Protected. C、Attracted. D、Challenged.(3)、What can we learn from this passage?A、ALife holds the key to human future. B、ALife and AI share a common feature. C、AI mirrors the developments of ALife. D、AI speeds up the process of human evolution.(4)、Which would be the best title for the passage?A、Life Is Undefined. Can AI Be a Way Out? B、Life Evolves. Can AI Help ALife Evolve, Too? C、Life Is Undefined. Can ALife Be Defined One Day? D、Life Evolves. Can Attempts to Create ALife Evolve, Too? -
2、 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Rather than indulge in smartphones and games, Zhang Yixuan prefers to spend his summer vacation walking in nature, encountering little creatures like shrimps and crabs. The 17-year-old went viral on Sina Weibo recently for his knowledge of biology, which led him to discover a new species of freshwater crabs of the genus (属) Sinolapotamon in 2022.
As his father, who was born in a rural area, loved catching fish and crabs himself at an early age, Zhang was always taken outdoors by his parents to explore as much as possible and observe little creatures quietly without any disruptions (打扰).
Now a grade 12 student at Yulin High School, Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region, Zhang has dozens of "living treasures" that he has collected from the outdoors, including insects, fish, shrimps and crabs. "This one is a species of Nanhaipotamon that I caught in a mountainous area," said Zhang, pointing to a vibrant (色彩鲜亮的) crab moving its amusing eyes around. "You can see it just shed (蜕去) its shell."
There is also a row of empty bottles and jars in Zhang's room to store his specimens (标本). "I can notice the slight differences between two shrimps, and then I take them back to my room for further observation," said Zhang.
It is the microscope his father bought him that makes the bedroom look more like a mini biology lab than anything else. It's a place where Zhang can devote himself to identifying shrimps or observing crabs day and night. With the help of his microscope, Zhang immerses himself in decoding (解码) the natural world. Sometimes he spends hours simply examining a piece of fish scale (鱼鳞), the leg of a crab or the antenna (触角) of an insect. He often works so late that his parents have to force him to go to bed.
"I'm often amazed by what I see while placing these tiny and fragile (脆弱的) things under the microscope. No matter how humble an insect is, each life is so delicately and uniquely structured," said Zhang.
(1)、What made Zhang popular on Sina Weibo?A、His rich knowledge of biology. B、His videos of outdoor adventures. C、His collection of "living treasures". D、His discovery of a new type of crab.(2)、What inspired Zhang's interest in exploring nature?A、His father's job. B、A crab he once caught. C、His school's field trips. D、His childhood experiences.(3)、Where does Zhang put the microscope bought by his father?A、In Zhang's lab at school. B、In Zhang's bedroom. C、In Zhang's study. D、In Zhang's classroom.(4)、Which of the following best describes Zhang?A、Ambitious and energetic. B、Curious and dedicated. C、Outgoing and adventurous. D、Knowledgeable and modest. -
3、 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The great philosopher Voltaire once said "Reading makes people see and think clearly." If you want to be a better self, try the following books.
Pride and Prejudice
Pride and Prejudice is kind of a literary Rosetta Stone, the inspiration, basis, and model for so many modern novels. For a book written in the early 19th century, its modernity is surprising only until you realize that this is the novel that in many ways defined what a modern novel is.
A Wild Child's Guide to Endangered Animals
From New York Times bestselling author Millie Marotta comes this gorgeous celebration of the animal kingdom. Highlighting the difficulty of 43 endangered species from around the world, the book takes readers on a trip through fresh water, oceans, forests, mountains, deserts, grasslands and wetlands while learning about rare and well-known animals and their habitats.
Patriarchy and Capitalism
Chizuko Ueno, a leading Japanese sociologist, feminist (女权主义) critic and public intellectual, has been a pioneer in women's studies and the author of many books, including Patriarchy and Capitalism, which discusses the status of Japanese women.
Know My Name
Chanel Miller's breathtaking memoir is praised to be the Best Book of the Year in People magazine. In this book, she recalls all her whole life. It's a story of trauma (创伤) and transcendence (超越), shining with the courage required to move through suffering and live a full and beautiful life.
(1)、What is special about Pride and Prejudice?A、It has a long history. B、It encourages readers. C、It defines modern novels. D、It includes surprising plots.(2)、Which should you choose if you want to know about nature?A、Know My Name. B、Pride and Prejudice. C、Patriarchy and Capitalism. D、A Wild Child's Guide to Endangered Animals.(3)、What kind of book is Know My Name?A、A record about endangered animals. B、A folk tale. C、A novel discussing female status. D、An autobiography. -
4、 第二节 书面表达
假如你是李华,将在给你的英国笔友Tom的信中讲述一件生活中让你感动的小事。要点如下:
1. 感动的事情;2. 你的感悟。
注意:1. 词数100字左右;2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3. 开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
Lately, I have been thinking a lot about the beauty of my life because I experienced something touching. Now, I want to share it with you.
All the best!
Yours,
Li Hua
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5、 第一节 短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处,每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词。2. 只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Chinese translator Zhang Jing has earned a plenty of fans on Chinese social media for her perfect works. She smoothly translated several speeches that was more than 10 minutes long fluently and accurately English last Friday, which earned her applause and respect from netizens. Comparing with the US translator, she performed far better. This was not surprising that she was regarded as the goddess of translation.
Influenced by her parents, she read wide and traveled a lot during her early life. Her teachers mention that Zhang could have entered top Chinese universities like Peking University. Therefore, she chose to go to China Foreign Affairs University to serve her country. Her experience inspired many students whose major in translation.
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6、 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
What comes to mind when you think of kung fu? your mind is filled with images of Shaolin monks or Bruce Lee, you wouldn't be wrong. But for Laurence J. Brahm, an American documentary filmmaker, the first thing that springs to mind (be) the concept of non-violence.
"Wushu, the official Chinese name for kung fu, (translate) into ‘martial arts' in English for a long time. Martial means military," Brahm told a roomful of people (attend) the premiere (首映式) of his latest work, Searching for Kung Fu.
As Brahm explained, if you break down the character "wu", it consists of two (character): one is "ge", meaning dagger-axe; the other is "zhi", meaning to stop. So, the meaning of martial arts in Chinese is not the "art of fighting", a concept that many people take for granted.the contrary, he said, kung fu is the art of stopping fighting, the art of non-violence.
In the movie, Brahm takes the audience on a kind of pilgrimage (朝圣), inviting them (accompany) him as he travels to a host of (historical) important locations in search of origins of kung fu.
Beyond that, Brahm studies the principles and values in this Chinese cultural legacy (遗产), dates back thousands of years but keeps its enormous influence and attraction to this day.
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7、 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Recep Mirzan from Turkey and a white swan are as close as a family. They haven't been1 for nearly four decades. The story of their amazing2 has melted the hearts of millions.
Mirzan was in a car when he spotted a3 swan in an empty field in 1984. He had no idea that he was about to4 his best friend. Mirzan5 realized that leaving the bird there meant its6 , as predators would have most likely eaten it, so he stopped the7 , took it home and started nursing it back to health.
After the female swan8 ,it didn't try to fly away.9 ,it befriended the other animals on Mirzan's farm in the Karaagac region, and decided to10 Mirzan named her Garip. Here, she has11 the changes of Mirzan's farm for the last 37 years!
"She seems to12 me completely. She comes when I call her. Since 1984,she has never left me,13 during the river floods," Mirzan said. "She used to be14 ,but she has grown old now, which makes me think she should be15 more carefully from now on. Science has 16 swans can generally live for 20-25 years, but to my17 , Garip has lived much longer than the average lifespan."
To take more18 care of the swan, he moved Garip's coop from the19 to his yard. During the day, she is busy20 her human friend around, either during his daily chores, or on his evening walks. Mirzan regards Garip as his child.
(1)A 、 different B 、 controllable C 、 separate D 、 unfortunate(2)A 、 honesty B 、 friendship C 、 struggle D 、 success(3)A 、 caged B 、 hidden C 、 deserted D 、 wounded(4)A 、 beat B 、 meet C 、 challenge D 、 interview(5)A 、 quickly B 、 occasionally C 、 frequently D 、 rarely(6)A 、 choice B 、 profit C 、 death D 、 failure(7)A 、 bird B 、 plan C 、 pedestrian D 、 car(8)A 、 changed B 、 recovered C 、 appeared D 、 traveled(9)A 、 Instead B 、 Also C 、 Otherwise D 、 Therefore(10)A 、 stick around B 、 move on C 、 hang out D 、 hold up(11)A 、 witnessed B 、 made C 、 demanded D 、 accepted(12)A 、 encourage B 、 understand C 、 remember D 、 approve(13)A 、 then B 、 just C 、 even D 、 yet(14)A 、 sensitive B 、 intelligent C 、 strong D 、 considerate(15)A 、 supported B 、 motivated C 、 examined D 、 attended(16)A 、 expected B 、 suspected C 、 meant D 、 proved(17)A 、 interest B 、 relief C 、 puzzle D 、 regret(18)A 、 normal B 、 similar C 、 convenient D 、 flexible(19)A 、 farm B 、 tree C 、 river D 、 garden(20)A 、 guiding B 、 helping C 、 comforting D 、 following -
8、 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sending children outside to play during the winter is one of the best things you can do for them. It also gives parents a brief relief from the chaos.
Children between 12 months and 6 years of age should spend 60 and 90 minutes outdoors each day, children older than that should get an hour too, and babies should be taken out several times a day and exposed to the fresh outdoor air.
Successful winter play is closely tied to the way children are dressed. Unless outfitted properly, they will have a miserable time and ask to come back in within minutes of heading out.
Staying dry is crucial, so even if it's not that cold out, put rain pants on a child to keep their legs dry and break the wind. Use boots that are high and waterproof. Choose heavy socks and a hat that are made of wool, as these take moisture away from a warm active body most effectively. Mittens(连指手套) are much warmer than gloves, and having a scarf or neck warmer makes a difference, too. Make sure they have a good range of movement that allows them to play and keep active outside.
If you think it's a lot of work getting them ready to go out, just wait till they come back in. Everything has to be dry before the next outing. So don't skip this step or you'll have angry, cold children in a few hours' time and a whole lot of regret on your part.
A. That's when it gets really busy!
B. It gives them a space to consume energy.
C. Cotton does not do this and will leave feet feeling wet and cold.
D. Don't overdress a child, though, because then they will get too sweaty.
E. National guidelines recommend lengths of outdoor exercise for children.
F. Don't hesitate to cut the playtime short if your child is unhappy or cold outside.
G. It's best to ensure they're comfortable so they'll stay out for a decent length of time.
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9、 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
Over the past two weeks, I've lost my passport, barked at a neighbor and published a picture of myself wearing a kid's superhero costume. Forgetfulness, anger and poor decision-making are all signs of sleep shortage.
And I'm not alone.
"I average around six hours a night," admits Paul, who's lived in Shanghai for three years. "But how much of that is deep sleep, I don't know."
Lisa works in a hotel. "I struggle to switch off," she says, "a glass of red wine with dinner helps."
March 21 is the World Sleep Day, an annual event in celebration of slumber, or sleep. When sleep problems become a global epidemic, it's time to ask: "Am I getting enough?"
The lack of sleep throughout industrialized nations is damaging our health, wellness and safety. We're dog-tired, the impact of which is enough to keep anyone up at night.
A global experiment is performed on 1.6 billion people across 70 countries twice a year: daylight savings. When one hour of sleep is lost in spring, there's a 24 percent increase in heart attacks, and in autumn, when the hour is regained, a 21 percent reduction.
Good sleep increases concentration, attention and decision-making. Creativity goes up, and our ability to find novel solutions to complex problems is hugely improved. Sleep reduces mood swings and stress levels. We drink less alcohol and make better food choices when rested.
Take sleep seriously. It's not a luxury, but a biological necessity. It's our life-support system and let it be our superpower.
(1)、Why does the author mention his own experiences in Paragraph 1?A、To draw attention to his situation. B、To complain about lacking sleep. C、To introduce the topic of the text. D、To raise a question about deep sleep.(2)、What does the underlined phrase "switch off" in Paragraph 4 mean?A、Turn off. B、Disinterest someone. C、Stop talking. D、Fall asleep.(3)、What is the finding of the global experiment?A、The loss of sleep increases the risk of heart attacks. B、Short sleep is linked to mental health problems. C、Good sleep leads to better work performances. D、Red wine is effective in treating sleeplessness.(4)、What does the author suggest about sleep?A、Celebrating the World Sleep Day. B、Paying attention to sleep problems. C、Getting six hours' sleep every day. D、Taking sleeping pills when necessary. -
10、 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
Having worked for more than a decade in finance in the oil industry in Canada, Tori Fahey found herself wanting more from life. But it wasn't through desperation that her circumstances changed: "I didn't get fed up and storm off, nothing like that; it was curiosity about other interests and wanting to experience something new."
Fahey left her job and completed an MBA before setting up a move to New York to begin a degree. However, the opportunity of an open year between the MBA and the degree came up, and as a keen touring cyclist, Fahey realised that a much dreamed-about adventure was now becoming a possibility: "The ride in Africa had been on my fantasy list. It was a moment when I realised that I could do anything, so I should."
Fahey rode across Africa, a 7,500-mile trip that took four months. The whole experience had a life-changing impact. Fahey said: "Bicycles provide a literal freedom. You don't allow yourself to feel like that in everyday life because there are so many distractions. But when you' re out on the bike and there's nothing else, you' re really free to experience what life is."
Post-degree Fahey worked on projects with the UNDP(United Nations Development Project) in Montenegro with the aim of bringing investment to rural communities.
It was while working on these projects that the seeds were sown for the next new investment. "It was through my trip across Africa that I discovered pannier and rack systems inconvenient and I was never going to use them again." Little did she know this would lead her to start up her own company.
In 2013, Apidura was born, producing storage solutions for people looking to travel the world by bike, race across continents and carry all they need to do so. It's now a successful global brand, but Fahey remains reflective about what else the company can do for people.
(1)、Why did Fahey leave her job in Canada?A、She was bored with the job. B、She was disappointed with life. C、She wanted to add new dimensions to her life. D、She found it hard to adjust to the circumstances.(2)、Which can best describe Fahey's ride experience in Africa?A、Demanding. B、Liberating. C、Eventful. D、Dangerous.(3)、Why did Fahey launch Apidura?A、To encourage bicycle traveling. B、To make her investment profitable. C、To help cyclists carry traveling stuff. D、To increase the pleasure of riding bikes.(4)、What is the passage mainly about?A、A tough path to fame. B、An adventure across Africa. C、The benefits of green travelling. D、The story behind the birth of Apidura. -
11、 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
As a father of four, I'm concerned about how to lead my children to be good young men and women in such an unstable time. I have studied philosophy, mysticism, and religion my entire life. They provide great lessons in responsibility and growth. However, I also recognize that, at least at this point in their lives, my children are not terribly interested in such subjects. While I was reflecting on this, I was reminded of a line in a song I had heard recently. It goes, "f you had only one chance to say something, what would it be?"
That night, I found my two oldest kids lounging on the couch watching a TV show that featured violence, cursing and even some "adult scenes". I quietly sat on a chair next to them. I saw my boy straighten up, and my girl pretended to ignore me. I didn't make any usual comments about the pointlessness of such programs. I didn't even roll my eyes, although this took some effort. I simply asked:
Can you tell me how this will make you a better person?
Without a word, I got up and left the room. About ten minutes later, to my surprise, the children were in their rooms doing their homework and the television was silent. Remarkable.
This philosophy can change the way we live our lives. For example, whenever I feel angry and get the urge to lash out, I ask myself, "How does this acting or feeling the way I do right now make me a better person?" I began to realize that rarely did my thoughts or actions result in self-improvement. so I made conscious efforts to change my mindset and behavior.
We all want to be better fathers, mothers, sons and daughters. Better workers, better leaders, better lovers... this list goes on. Sometimes succeeding in these roles can be tough. But one question connects us with all those duties we possess to society and ourselves, "Is this making me a better person?"
Whatever I said, it worked. My daughter has begun watching nature programs instead of violent TV shows, and she decided to go to school to become a counselor. My son told me he wants to be a police officer. I've since thrown away all those parenting magazines and books I've collected over the years because I made more progress with a single question than I did with hundreds of pages of "experts" advice.
(1)、When the writer found his kids watching inappropriate TV programs that night, he appeared ____A、critical B、indifferent C、anxious D、calm(2)、How can this philosophy change the way we live our lives?A、By calming ourselves down when we are angry B、By providing us with new mindset and behavior C、By helping us realize our need for self-improvement D、By raising a question about our current action and feling(3)、Why did the writer throw away his parenting magazines and books?A、Because they didn't offer him any help. B、Because his kids had grown out of them. C、Because that single question was more useful. D、Because the expert advice was too much to follow.(4)、The writer wrote this passage to ____A、introduce a life philosophy by telling a parenting story B、convince teenagers of the downsides to watch TV C、call on other parents to trust themselves instead of experts D、inform the readers of how he helped his kids set good goals -
12、 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
Please put your donation in this envelope, seal it, and hand it to the cabin crew. Thank you!
Please provide contact details if you would like to learn more about UNICEF (or visit:www. unicef. cn) :
Name:▲
Contact email:▲
Mobile number:▲
"Change for Good" is an innovative partnership between UNICEF and the inter-national airline industry. Established in 1991, it is one of UNICEF's best-known and longest-running partnerships. This project appeals to travelers to donate onboard the aircraft, to help UNICEF to improve the lives of poor children.
Hainan Airlines is the first airline company from mainland China to support this program. Since commencing operation (开航) in 1993, HNA has vigorously promoted the principle of "do something for the society, do something for others". Hence, HNA actively bears the social responsibility, participates in social welfare and serves the society with gratitude.
We would like to call on everyone to join in this onboard fundraising to make this, world as best we can for children. We sincerely thank you for your generous support.
Change for Good*
(1)、How can you deal with your onboard donation?A、Give it to an air hostess. B、Provide your contact details. C、Mail this envelope with donation. D、Visit www. unicef. cn.(2)、Which of the following is one of UNICEF's best-known partnerships?A、The project of "change for good". B、The international airline industry. C、The staff of UNICEF. D、Hainan Airlines.(3)、According to the text, which of the following is true?A、Everyone onboard the aircraft has to join in this program. B、HNA is the only airline company to support the program. C、HNA is willing to help UNICEF to raise money. D、Hainan Airlines was established in 1991. -
13、 第二节 书面表达假定你是李华,上周日你校举办了以 "The Power of Voluntary Work" 为主题的演讲比赛。请你为校英文报写一篇报道,内容包括:1. 参加人员;2. 比赛过程;3. 活动反响。
注意:1. 写作词数应为100左右;2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
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14、 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(︿),并在下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(﹨)划掉。
修改:在错的词下面划一横线,并在该次下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
只允许修改10处错误,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
A big storm destroyed two villages in South Africa on last Friday, causing 4 death. Over 200 people became homeless as a result of the storm. A farmer said the storm began early in the morning and last one hour. He said, "I was cooking in the kitchen with my wife and children while we heard a loud noise. A few minutes late, our house fell down. I managed to climb out, but much to my shocking, one of my boys were missing. I quickly went back inside and found them safe but frightened." Soldiers came to rescue those burying under the ruins, and the government provided food, clothes, and shelters for homeless.
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15、 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
World Ocean Day is an international day that takes place annually on 8 June. It is observed as a (remind) every year of the destruction (cause) by human activities like garbage and waste water treatment and oil leaks. This year the main purpose of the Day is to inform a (wide) public of the impact of human actions the ocean, expecting more people (care) about the worsening situation.
The Day is now celebrated in over 100 countries with hundreds of special events broadcast across the globe. It (mark) in a variety of ways, including launching new campaigns and holding special events, to advance ocean conservation and education.
Young people are an important part. The Day provides them with a platform they can express their concerns and share their ideas. Each year, the Day has a theme for the campaigns and events. For example, in 2016 and 2017 the themes were "Healthy oceans, healthy planet" and "Our oceans, our future", (respective). "Collective Action for the Ocean" is the theme in 2022, (throw) light on the communities, ideas, and solutions that are working together to protect recover the ocean.
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16、 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Have you ever found yourself in a situation where something you enjoy on a daily basis is suddenly not available to you? For several weeks I volunteered on a1 on the big island of Hawaii. My2 in doing so: to learn how to grow my own food in an e-friendly way, along with experiencing a simpler3 .
Being an average twenty-something citizen of the4 world, I spend a lot of free time using mobile devices. Before coming to Hawaii, I'd never made an effort to5 that. When I arrived at the farm and discovered that the WiFi,6 mainly by solar panels(板) on the roof of my small room, wasn't working normally, I knew a7 to learn about myself had come knocking.
Over the first couple days, I frequently thought about8 my social media before realizing that I couldn't. I9 this source of entertainment and felt10 from the world. I was11 that someone would message me and think I was12 them. After it fully sank in that I couldn't connect to my social networks, I felt more13 in my immediate environment. My attention was less14 while working on tasks. Though I still periodically felt15 , my anxiety faded and suddenly, I realized how much more time I had for the things that gave me a deeper, more real sense of achievement and16 : for me, this included yoga and mindful movement, reading, and being out in17 .
My digital detox(脱瘾) was not something I chose to do18 , but I'm thankful that it happened this way.19 I value my devices just as much as I did before the digital detox, I realize that being20 about how I use them is key to keeping my phone a positive addition to my life.
(1)A 、 farm B 、 beach C 、 playground D 、 river(2)A 、 method B 、 purpose C 、 advantage D 、 suggestion(3)A 、 solution B 、 custom C 、 principle D 、 lifestyle(4)A 、 unique B 、 modern C 、 perfect D 、 complex(5)A 、 change B 、 blame C 、 explore D 、 destroy(6)A 、 challenged B 、 repaired C 、 powered D 、 closed(7)A 、 vacation B 、 difficulty C 、 routine D 、 chance(8)A 、 checking B 、 inventing C 、 building D 、 quitting(9)A 、 respected B 、 missed C 、 praised D 、 accepted(10)A 、 broken up B 、 fed up C 、 cut off D 、 paid off(11)A 、 anxious B 、 surprised C 、 embarrassed D 、 cautious(12)A 、 repeating B 、 answering C 、 ignoring D 、 criticizing(13)A 、 experienced B 、 absorbed C 、 concerned D 、 disappointed(14)A 、 received B 、 escaped C 、 caught D 、 distracted(15)A 、 delighted B 、 greedy C 、 lonely D 、 convinced(16)A 、 peace B 、 urgency C 、 ambition D 、 loss(17)A 、 return B 、 place C 、 danger D 、 nature(18)A 、 nervously B 、 reasonably C 、 carelessly D 、 willingly(19)A 、 If B 、 After C 、 While D 、 Because(20)A 、 bored B 、 selective C 、 familiar D 、 patient -
17、 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
Science fiction television has done a lot to shape how we view the meals of the future, from an evening dinner in pill form to machines giving us any meal we desire, on demand. However, while these ideas for food creation are more than fifty years old, the way we produce and consume food has not changed very much. Even though there is enough food available today to feed the world, more than 870 million people do not have enough to eat.
With the global population expected to grow to more than nine billion by 2050, demand for food will only increase. No pills or machines have solved our food problems yet.
However, agricultural science has been responsible for saving huge numbers of lives. Science and technology helped us out of starvation during the 1960s and 70s when the world's population exploded. The result of this panic was the "green revolution", which saw the introduction to farming of high production grains, improved irrigation systems and hybrid(杂交) seeds, saving over one billion people from starvation.
Having enough food is only the first step. There are complications with natural disasters, conflict, poverty and environmental problems. All these can mean that the food supply is put at risk. Many people are concerned about "playing around with nature", adjusting how food looks and tastes and smells, and other human interferences(干预), all of which are widespread.
Anyhow, the world has not been completely saved from starvation, but we are on the way to get there.
A. Agricultural science was quite a success.
B. There are many complexities when dealing with food.
C. Modern science and technology of food contributes a lot.
D. Nobody would ever starve if food were this easy to obtain.
E. And it is unbelievable that hunger kills more people than disease does.
F. Then there are the issues we face when it comes to food experimentation.
G. At that time scientists were worried that we would run out of food.
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18、 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中,选出最佳选项。
Since the 1950s, some 9.2 billion tonnes of plastic have been produced globally, of which only 10% has ever been recycled. Yet environmentally conscious companies and consumers continue to look to recycling as a way to ease the plastic problem. Manufacturing(制造业) giants claim to be committed to making more of their products and packaging from recycled materials. However, this confidence masks a complex web of issues around plastic recycling. Recycling rates remain extremely low and critics argue that we should look at alternative ways to tackle plastic pollution.
While many plastics have the potential to be recycled, most are not because the process is costly, complicated and the resulting product of a lower quality than the original. Despite rising demand for recycled plastic, few waste companies turn a profit. Part of this is because virgin plastic- linked to oil prices一is often cheaper than recycled plastic, meaning there is little economic incentive to use it. Worse yet, much of our plastic waste is difficult to recycle. Lightweight food packaging, like a mozzarella packet, contains different plastics, dyes(染料) and toxic additives. This dirty mix means plastic recycled through mechanical methods — the most common form — can only be melted down and moulded again a couple of times before it becomes too fragile to be reused. And the nature of the process means plastic recycling has a carbon footprint of its own.
Given all of these difficulties, environmental critics say recycling is not the solution-and argue that creating more products from recycled material to attract environmental consciousness merely worsens the problem. "The solution is to use less plastic and to stop misleading the public about the recyclability," says Enck, president of Beyond Plastics, a US campaign group with a mission to end single-use plastic. "They should stop making false claims about the recyclability of plastics since they know most will either be littered or; burned or landfilled (填埋). Using less plastics means shifting to reusable products and relying more on paper, cardboard, glass and metal — all of which should be made from recycled content."
(1)、What is an environmentally conscious customer's attitude towards recycling plastics?A、Suspicious. B、Favorable. C、Indifferent. D、Disapproving.(2)、What does the underlined word "incentive" in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A、Motive. B、Issue. C、Crisis. D、Policy.(3)、What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A、The recycling process of plastics. B、Pollutants contained in recycled plastics. C、Reasons why users dislike recycled plastics. D、Contributing factors to low plastic recycling rates.(4)、What will the environmental critics be happy to see according to the text?A、Using metal or glass food containers. B、Littering recycled plastics in a landfill. C、Processing plastics in a mechanical way. D、Launching campaigns to promote recyclability. -
19、 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中,选出最佳选项。
Carl Wieman, a Nobel Prize-winning physicist at Stanford University, excelled in the lab, where he created the Bose-Einstein condensate(玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚态). However, his mastery in the lab did not extend to the classroom. For years, he wrestled with what seemed to be a straightforward task: making undergraduates comprehend physics as he did. Laying it out for them — explaining, even demonstrating the core concepts of the discipline — was not working. Despite his clear explanations, his students' capacity to solve the problems he posed to them remained inadequate.
It was in an unexpected place that he found the key to the problem: not in his classrooms but among the graduate students who came to work in his lab. When his PH. D. candidates entered the lab, Wieman noticed, their habits of thought were no less narrow and rigid than the undergraduates. Within a year or two, however, these same graduate students transformed into the flexible thinkers he was trying so earnestly, and unsuccessfully, to cultivate. "Some kind of intellectual process must have been missing from the traditional education," Wieman recounts.
A major factor in the graduate students' transformation, Wieman concluded, was their experience of intense social engagement around a body of knowledge — the hours they spent advising, debating with, and recounting anecdotes to one another. In 2019, a study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences backed this idea. Tracking the intellectual advancement of several hundred graduate students in the sciences over the course of four years, its authors found that the development of crucial skills such as generating hypotheses(假设), designing experiments, and analyzing data was closely related to the students' engagement with their peers in the lab, rather than the guidance they received from their faculty mentors(导师).
Wieman is one of a growing number of Stanford professors who are bringing this "active learning" approach to their courses. His ambition is to move science education away from the lecture format, toward a model that is more active and more engaged.
(1)、What problem did Carl Wieman have with his undergraduates?A、Making them excel in the lab. B、Demonstrating lab experiments. C、Facilitating their all-round development. D、Enhancing their physics problem-solving.(2)、Which of the following best describes the graduate students who first joined Wieman's lab?A、Limited in thinking. B、Resistant to new ideas. C、Flexible and earnest. D、Experienced and cooperative.(3)、What is crucial for developing students' intelligent thought according to the 2019 study?A、Intense lab work. B、Peer pressure and evaluation. C、Academic interaction with fellows. D、Engagement with external society.(4)、Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?A、Transforming Graduates' Habits B、Carl Wieman's Nobel Prize Journey C、The Nobel-Prize Winner's Struggles D、Carl Wieman's Education Innovation -
20、 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中,选出最佳选项。
Jeremiah Thoronka was born in the fighting of the Sierra Leone civil war and grew up in the gutter(贫民窟) of the capital Freetown, having to burn wood for lighting and heating. Jeremiah saw with his own eyes how, in addition to the smog making breathing problems common, his young contemporaries fell behind in their schoolwork because of a lack of proper lighting.
Energy poverty is a major issue in Sierra Leone — with just 26% of the population having access to electricity. In rural parts of the country, only 6% of people have electricity access, most of whom turn to solar lanterns and dry-cell batteries. As a result, it's led to the destruction of forests as people cut down trees for firewood, which leaves Sierra Leone highly sensitive to extreme events like flooding and landslides. Families' reliance on firewood also leads to frequent house fires.
These life-threatening disadvantages and hardships fueled Jeremiah's enthusiasm for renewable energy and climate change advocacy. At 17 when studying at the African Leadership University in Rwanda, he created a start-up called Optim Energy that transforms vibrations(震动) from vehicles and footfall on roads into an electric current. It is different from existing renewable energy sources including wind or solar because it generates power without relying on changeable weather.
Optim Energy ran a successful pilot program in Jeremiah's neighbourhoods, Makawo in the northern part of Sierra Leone and Kuntoluh east of Freetown. With just two devices, the startup provided free electricity to 150 households benefiting around 500 citizens as well as 15 schools where more than 9,000 students attend.
Jeremiah is currently developing plans to expand into the healthcare field which needs power to cool medicines and create enough light for treating patients after dark.
(1)、What affected the young fellows academic performance?A、The war. B、The smog. C、The poor lighting. D、The breathing problem.(2)、What can we learn about "energy poverty"from paragraph 2?A、It is caused by solar lanterns and dry-cell batteries. B、It has a worse impact on the city area. C、It brings about the destruction of forests. D、It increases the risk of forest fires.(3)、What is special about Optim Energy?A、It draws on vibrations to make electricity. B、It upgrades the use of solar energy. C、It runs a pilot program throughout the city. D、It helps 9,000 students return to school.(4)、What message does the text want to convey?A、Electricity is the lifeblood of the city. B、Whoever is happy will make others happy too. C、Life is either a daring adventure or nothing at all. D、We are all in the gutter, but some are making it better.