相关试卷

My daughter and I were fans of Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, an educational children's television series that was created and hosted by Fred Rogers, more commonly known as Mister Rogers. 

Around my daughter's second birthday, I had a Mister Rogers-inspired idea. Why not invite one key person in my daughter's world to dinner each month? The local children's librarian could visit one evening, and perhaps the borough mayor （区长） could drop by a few weeks later. 

But I wanted to start at the top. "Let's invite Mister Rogers himself, I said to my wife. "After all, he lives just a few neighborhoods away. I bet he'd come. She looked at me as if I wanted to invite the President. "You really think Mister Rogers would come to our house for dinner? Fat chance. 

Undeterred （不气馁的）, I sent a letter to Mister Rogers that fall, telling him of my newfound delight in his show and my idea for inviting neighborhood people over to talk about their lives, and asking him and Mrs. Rogers to be our guests. 

I told my daughter about the letter. Her eyes glistened （发光）. "Mister Rogers coming? Really, Daddy?"

One month later, no reply. My daughter hadn't forgotten and periodically asked when Mister Rogers would be visiting. I always told her that he hadn't called yet and that it was a good opportunity to learn about patience. Two months later, no response. At the three-month mark, my wife simply rolled her eyes when I raised the topic. I was beginning to lose optimism. Mister Rogers had let me down. 

Sadly, Mister Rogers passed away in late February of the following year. I was unaware of his illness and now understood why our invitation had gone unanswered. Mister Rogers would not be coming to dinner after all. Yet, even after his passing, Mister Rogers gave us a far greater gift than I ever could have imagined. 

注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

A week later, I was surprised to find a letter in our mailbox from Mister Rogers.                                       

The letter is a treasured gift and his kind words touched my life and my daughter. 

 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。

Dear Peter, 

I'm Li Hua from Class 2.                                                            

Yours, 

Li Hua

2024 is "The Year of the Dragon" on the Chinese lunar calendar. But  that's the proper translation of the iconic mythical symbol of China or not has aroused （heat）debate. 

The Western concept of dragon is not consistent with  of the Chinese dragon. Influenced by Greek mythology, the dragon is often the keeper of treasure. For Europeans, dragon is usually a monster （keep） distances away from people. With four legs and two huge black wings, they can spit fire or even poison gas out of their mouth. Contrary  the evil image of European dragons, Chinese dragons symbolize （strong） and goodluck. In Chinese legends, dragons were appointed head of the four seas, rulers of weather and water. Those born in the year of the Loong are believed （be）interested in the world and willing to give a helping hand. 

The differences in perception of the mythical creatures in China and the West （root）in their different cultural values. What is important is that as we enter  new lunar year, people （global）appreciate the cultural values embodied in such Chinese symbols as Loong. 

As Gonzales was 1  to the martial arts gym where he trained, he saw what looked like a police pursuit. A（n）2  man of medium build, 3  in a black T-shirt, was running from a police officer. When Gonzales. saw the officer in need of 4  every element of the moral code installed in him through his Brazilian jiu-jitsu （巴西柔术） training told him to 5  a hand. 

Gonzales slowed down. So did the man being chased-to avoid 6  Gonzales's minivan. That 7  allowed the officer to catch up and take the suspect to the ground. However, he quickly realized that the officer did not have 8  of the situation. "The officer was straddling （跨坐） him, but the suspect was about to 9  the police officer over. Gonzales jumped out of his vehicle and 10  himself on the man's legs. 11 , his wife, Ortiz, used her phone to record the scene. Finally, the threat was over. 

But for Gonzales, the ride was just beginning. Ortiz 12  the video on Facebook, where it attracted over 56 million 13 . Among those awed by the video was Brazilian jiu-jitsu 14 , a fourth-degree black belt, who stated, "The combination of Gonzales's technique and his communication with both the officer and the suspect is 15 !"

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Friends are incredibly important people in our lives. Some are with us for decades.  Here are some tips to remember if you're processing the loss of a friend. 

Sometimes things just don't work out.

 In fact, people, on average, lose about half of their friends every seven years. One of the most common reasons those relationships end is that they just fell through the cracks. Things didn't work out. Nobody really wanted the friendship to end, but people got busy and didn't intentionally maintain the friendship. 

Make the unsaid said. 

Sometimes, in friendship, people don't make the unsaid said.  And because they're never directly addressed, people get to a point where they want to end the friendship before actually addressing the problem. Actually, if they had intervened sooner, they might have been able to save the friendship. 

It's normal to feel grief. 

When a friendship ends, there is a grieving process. Allow yourself to feel those emotions and be patient. Instead of pushing yourself to cheer up, try thinking like this, "Of course I'm upset. This is a natural part of intimacy （亲密关系） and loss. I lost someone I'm very close to.  

It's important not to blame yourself and be mean to yourself for not getting over the loss of a friendship. Just because this happened like this doesn't mean more friendships will happen like this. Allow yourself to have a fresh perspective when you enter new friendships. You don't want to go into a new connection fearfully. 

A. That means I love them deeply. 

B. Be kind to yourself along the way. 

C. Find ways to enter a new friendship. 

D. Small things can kind of accumulate. 

E. Losing friends is a regular part of life. 

F. But not all of them can stand the test of time. 

G. When a close friendship ends, the reasons are complicated. 

A fallacy is an error in reasoning based on opinion, misunderstanding, or intentional misdirection that makes an argument invalid. Common causation（因果关系）fallacies include those of oversimplification and exaggeration, which occur when actual 'causes of an event are reduced to the point where connections between causes and effects are blurred or buried. 

Oversimplification is common, which means reducing multiple causes to just one or a few. Well-intentioned writers and speakers can fall into the trap of oversimplification if not careful. 

One motivation for simplification is the basic advice given to writers: Don't get stuck in details. In the process, however, a writer can leave out too many details, even critical information. Another contributing factor to oversimplification is the overuse of an important tool in critical thinking called Oceam's Razor, a principle that states that the simplest explanation that fits the data is the preferable one. The problem is that the simplest explanation might not always be the right-one. 

A writer creating an argument can assume that based on Occam's Razor, the simplest explanation is likely true, but they must not assume that is always the case. They must look at all angles and complexities of an issue before settling on the simplest explanation. 

Here is an example of oversimplification:

School violence has gone up and academic performance has gone down since video games featuring violence were introduced. Therefore, video games with violence should be banned, resulting in school improvement. 

This argument exhibits oversimplification because it assumes problems in schools （increasing violence, decreasing academic performance can be attributed to a single cause: the time young people spend playing video games that feature violence. Various other factors, including social and economic conditions that may contribute to a child's mental health, are ignored. 

Related to the fallacy of oversimplification is the fallacy of exaggeration-multiplying a couple of causes into many. 

The taste of champagne as we know it could change beyond recognition in the coming years. As global temperatures continue to rise, the climate crisis poses a threat to the production of wine. 

The supply of Chardonnay, Pinot Noir and Pinot Meunier, among other popular wine-making grapes, are at risk. By 2050, about 85% of the lands that we grow good wine grapes on will no longer produce suitable wine grapes. 

Grapes are susceptible to even the most subtle changes in weather. "Wine is kind of the canary （金丝雀） in the coal mine for climate change impacts on agriculture because so much of the character of wine is tied to the local climate. said Benjamin Cook, a climate scientist. He published a paper in 2020 examining the effects of climate change on agriculture and how the diversity of grapes can increase their resilience to such changes. 

He adds that scientists are "seeing pretty much all plants, including wine grapevines, start their lifecycle in the growing season earlier, and often finish up earlier. You basically ripen your fruit earlier and typically you harvest earlier. In the Champagne region of France, these changes can alter the distinctive personalities of grapes grown there. "If it matures too quickly, the ratio of acidity and sugar might be different. "Cook said. 

A grape's qualities are dependent on its environment. With a warming planet, it's harder to produce grapes that make champagne taste sweeter and boozier （酒精浓度高的）. "For instance, in a chardonnay grape, what you're looking for in a cooler climate is generally an apple taste, whereas in a warmer climate the warmth can change the grapes qualities to be more like a tropical fruit, or even banana-like. "said Spiess. 

One of the many ways farmers and winemakers are trying to alleviate the effects of climate change on grape production is site selection. "Places like Belgium and the Netherlands and Sweden, they're experiencing positive effects of climate change as the planet is warming. Spiess said. As different regions in the world experience the effects of climate change differently, they may start to have more ideal climate conditions for wine making. 

The downside for those Swedish winemakers? If those champagne grapes aren't grown in the Champagne region of France, you can't call it champagne, which is a protected designation of origin. 

So how do you say "bubbly" in Swedish? 

Despite an ever-higher bar to grab the attention of students in large lecture hall, Tatiana Erukhimova, who teaches physics at Texas A&M University, has managed to get her students, as well as future generations, excited about the science, 

Known as "Dr. Tatiana". the professor performs physics tricks with boundless energy and enthusiasm in her videos. A range of everyday objects are used in her experiments, from pingpong balls and toilet paper to marshmallows. bicycle wheels and hair dryers. Videos of her dramatic demonstrations have received hundreds of millions of views across social media platforms. 

However, things aren't always easy. When she first started teaching college freshman classes two decades ago, she also struggled to grab the attention of her students. "I did not grab their attention on the first day-that was my mistake. "she says. "I missed this opportunity to bond with them from the very beginning, and then it took me a while to find my voice. "

By the second semester, she found her footing, adjusting her approach to get her students engaged. The key, she says, has been to make herself approachable and her instruction personal. And, of course, add showy demonstrations. "These demonstrations often help students to connect these abstract concepts with real life." she says.

Physics department head Grigory Rogachev says Erukhimova's work has helped bring visibility to the department, with about 2.5 million subscribers on its department's YouTube page, which has translated to a boost in research funds and physics major applicants. 

As a leader in a STEM field in which women are underrepresented, she's become a role model for some. Afiya Dhanani attended Texas A&M University after seeing Erukhimova's videos online. "Watching Dr. Tatiana do the experiments online, especially since she was a female leader. Was more inspiring for me to even go into physics. " Dhanani said in an interview with CBS Mornings. That's all Erakhimova says she can hope for -making physics less forbidding. and more exciting. 

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注意：1.词数100字左右；2.文章开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Chris,

Yours,

Li Hua

Teenagers are learning new communication skills every day. It is important for them to have opportunities to network, or to meet and get to know new people. Online networking, which is very popular with teens today, makes short, superficial connections. But offline networking better encourages meaningful connections that will increase hope, develop skills, and open avenues to career opportunity. Teens need to practice more offline networking. It will prepare them to be confident face-to-face communicators in the real world.

A survey of almost 7,000 teens was conducted in 2019 by three Swiss researchers, and they found that teens were spending too much time on social networking sites. So, they suggested that teens should spend more time with others in real life. It not only contributes to a stronger sense of identity and a happier mood, but also gives us the chance to share happiness with other people. In other words, offline networking seems to actually benefit a teen's emotional health.

Face-to-face communication also gives teens an opportunity to learn to read people. Everyone communicates in person differently than communicating over the phone, through texting, or in online posts. Being face-to-face requires a person to think and respond more quickly—without the safety net of a delete key.

And much of our communication is nonverbal anyway. Facial expressions, gestures, and vocal tones are just a few examples. Teens need to have face-to- face interactions so that they can learn to read these nonverbal cues（暗示），which are sometimes even more important than the words a person is saying. A time will come when the teen will need to enter the job market, and this usually means a face-to-face interaction, including interacting naturally with customers, hearing and understanding their words as well as their nonverbal cues in many different kinds of businesses.

Offline networking is important because it can improve a teenager's wellbeing and help prepare him for the future. Thafs why every teen should spend time practicing real-world interactions.

Exam Anxiety

Has this ever happened to you? You've been studying hard for your midterm, but when you walk into your exam, your mind goes blank, your heart races fast, you get sweaty palms and find it hard to breathe.

Everyone feels stressed during exams. Usually, it results from a fear of failure, lack of adequate preparation time and bad experiences taking tests in the past. This is normal and often helps you work harder, think faster and generally improve your performance. You may also feel that other people are managing the exam better than you. This can cause you to feel that your mind has "gone blank" on information you know you have revised.

Some choose to ignore the problem, while others don't review because they think they will do badly anyway and even miss exams due to the anxiety. It can also be really easy to think that if you don't try and then you fail, you won't feel as bad as if you fail after trying really hard.

So what can you do to fight against the negative mindset and stay calm before and during your test? Yes, this seems obvious, but it's worth repeating. If you feel confident that you've prepared thoroughly, you'll feel more confident walking into the test. The second tip is simple: just start. The blank page can maximize your anxiety. You can always go back and change things later if needed, but a few quick answers can get the ball rolling. Besides, allocating(分配) your time is equally important. Look through the whole test before getting started. Mentally allocate how much time you'll spend on each section. If there's time to recheck, even better.

A. The first thing you should do is to be prepared.

B. People often deal with exam stress in many unhelpful ways.

C. If these classic signs of exam anxiety sound familiar, you're not alone!

D. Therefore, people need an appropriate amount of pressure to help deal with exams.

E. Realizing time is almost up and that there's still a lot of blank space will make you desperate.

F. However, if you are overly anxious about the result, you may be unable to focus on your work.

G. After you get the paper, dive right in by getting some questions done to build up your confidence.

Science is finally beginning to embrace animals who were, for a long time, considered second-class citizens.

As Annie Potts of Canterbury University has noted, chickens distinguish among one hundred chicken faces and recognize familiar individuals even after months of separation. When given problems to solve, they reason: hens trained to pick colored buttons sometimes choose to give up an immediate food reward for a slightly later (and better) one. Healthy hens may aid friends, and mourn when those friends die.

Pigs respond meaningfully to human symbols. When a research team led by Candace Croney at Penn State University carried wooden blocks marked with X and O symbols around pigs, only the O carriers offered food to the animals. The pigs soon ignored the X carriers in favor of the O's. Then the team switched from real-life objects to T-shirts printed with X or O symbols. Still, the pigs walked only toward the O-shirted people: they had transferred their knowledge to a two-dimensional format, a not-inconsiderable feat of reasoning.

I've been guilty of prejudiced expectations, myself. At the start of my career almost four decades ago, I was firmly convinced that monkeys and apes out-think and out-feel other animals. They're other primates (灵长目动物), after all, animals from our own mammalian (哺乳动物的) class. Fairly soon, I came to see that along with our closest living relatives, whales too are masters of cultural learning, and elephants express profound joy and mourning with their social companions. Long-term studies in the wild on these mammals helped to fuel a viewpoint shift in our society: the public no longer so easily accepts monkeys made to undergo painful procedures in laboratories, elephants forced to perform in circuses, and dolphins kept in small tanks at theme parks.

Over time, though, as I began to broaden out even further and explore the inner lives of fish, chickens, pigs, goats, and cows, I started to wonder: Will the new science of "food animals" bring an ethical(伦理的) revolution in terms of who we eat? In other words, will our ethics start to catch up with the development of our science? 

Animal activists are already there, of course, committed to not eating these animals. But what about the rest of us? Can paying attention to the thinking and feeling of these animals lead us to make changes in who we eat? 

Norman Garmezy, a developmental psychologist at the University of Minnesota, met thousands of children in his four decades of research. A nine-year-old boy in particular stuck with him. He has an alcoholic mother and an absent father. But each day he would walk in to school with a smile on his face. He wanted to make sure that "no one would feel pity for him and no one would know his mother's incompetence." The boy exhibited a quality Garmezy identified as "resilience."

Resilience presents a challenge for psychologists. People who are lucky enough to never experience any sort of adversity(逆境) won't know how resilient they are. It's only when they're faced with obstacles, stress, and other environmental threats that resilience, or the lack of it, comes out. Some give in and some conquer.

Garmezy's work opened the door to the study of the elements that could enable an individual's success despite the challenges they faced. His research indicated that some elements had to do with luck, but quite large set of elements was psychological, and had to do with how the children responded to the environment. The resilient children had what psychologists call an "internal locus of control (内控点)." They believed that they, and not their circumstances, affected their achievements. The resilient children saw themselves as the arrangers of their own fates.

George Bonanno has been studying resilience for years at Columbia University's Teachers College. He found that some people are far better than others at dealing with adversity. This difference might come from perception(认知) whether they think of an event as traumatic(创伤), or as an opportunity to learn and grow. "Stressful" or "traumatic" events themselves don't have much predictive power when it comes to life outcomes. "Exposure to potentially traumatic events does not predict later functioning," Bonanno said. "It's only predictive if there's a negative response." In other words, living through adversity doesn't guarantee that you'll suffer going forward.

The good news is that positive perception can be taught. "We can make ourselves more or less easily hurt by how we think about things," Bonanno said. In research at Columbia, the neuroscientist Kevin Ochsner has shown that teaching people to think of adversity in different ways—to reframe it in positive terms when the initial response is negative, or in a less emotional way when the initial response is emotionally "hot"—changes how they experience and react to the adversity.

Most kids love breaks, but for Hannah Kristan, a break was her least favorite part of the school day. "I never got to do anything except sit there," she recalls.

Hannah was born with a disease that kept the bones in her back from forming properly. She uses a wheelchair. Sadly, for kids like her, most playground equipment is off limits. In fact, Hannah is one of 5 million kids in the United States who cannot use traditional playground equipment because of some type of disability.

Then Hannah heard about Boundless Playgrounds—playgrounds without limits for children with disabilities. The wonderful group behind Boundless Playgrounds helps communities create special playgrounds for children of all abilities. There are swings and sandboxes specially designed for kids with physical disabilities. Kids with vision problems can enjoy the movement of swings and also use musical activities such as chime walls. Since her hometown in Connecticut had nothing like it, Hannah helped raise money for this new kind of playground.

The inspiration for Boundless Playgrounds was a playground created by Amy Jaffe Barzach. It is named Jonathan's Dream in honor of her son. Jonathan's Dream and many Boundless Playgrounds around the country have a glider swing that can be used by kids who use wheelchairs and their friends. The glider swing at Jonathan's Dream was designed by Matthew Cavedon, who wasn't even 10 years old at the time. Matthew was motivated because he used a wheelchair himself and wanted to be able to have fun at playgrounds with other kids, regardless of their physical abilities or disabilities.

The basic idea behind Boundless Playground is that play is both part of the joy of childhood and an important way for children to learn about the world. Kids who are kept away from playgrounds are denied this enjoyment as well as the learning. Far from being a place of happy excitement, traditional playgrounds are often places of separation and loneliness for those who can't join in the fun.

Contrary to some strict ideas about what a playground for children with special needs should be like, a Boundless Playground is every bit as colorful and challenging as a traditional playground. That's why it is inviting and fun for all children. And for Hanna, Matthew, and other kids like them, a playground like this is also a dream that comes true.

Dear Sir,

There is a plan to build a new supermarket on the edge of the Whitefields housing estate（住宅区）, on the land where the local library now is. I live at Whitefields, and I would like to express my concern about this plan. It is not that I am completely against the idea of building a supermarket—I just think that as a community（社区） we need to weigh up the advantages and disadvantages before committing ourselves.

It is clear that the library is under-used and in poor condition. It is also clear that there are very few shops near here and a supermarket would be a good thing to have. But the people who want to build the supermarket seem to think that no one wants the library any more, and that it isn't a must because of the Internet and so on. Is this necessarily true, especially for elderly people? What about young people who don't have the Internet at home and need to go to the library to do their homework? Where can they study if they have to share a room with a younger brother or sister?

On the other hand, there is an argument that a new supermarket would not only bring more choice of shopping and more convenience for local people, but it would also bring some much-needed jobs for younger people in the town—and this is a good point. What we need to do is consider the effect a supermarket will have on our quality of life. Certainly local people, including me, will find shopping a lot easier and more convenient. But there will also be extra traffic. In a few years from now, the roads in and around will be full of cars in the daytime and delivery lorries at night, and not only that—we will have got used to it, too. Are more jobs and more convenience worth such an influence on our daily lives? Perhaps, but this is what we have to ask ourselves.

I believe that all the people of Whitefields, and the authority, need to discuss this question in an open-minded way—and I hope that by the time a decision is taken, we will have had a full and fair discussion of the issues involved, and that the local authority will have really listened to everyone's view. Is that too much to ask?

Yours faithfully,

Tom Watkins    

"Sisters Who Make Waves"(be) among the summer's television hits in 2020 in China. The show involved 30 female celebrities over the age of 30 (compete) for a spot in a five-member band. Viewers watched them train, perform and live together. Five hundred (woman), picked at random, got to vote for their favourite. Within three days of its airing in June, over 300 million watched the first episode on Mango TV, a streaming app (own) by the state television net work of Hunan, a central province.

An email invitation is an electronic means of sending an invite to a person or a group of people  (come) to a particular event. It is the technological version of sending an invitation  mail. Most people turn to this method because of various reasons. One of them is cost-effectiveness. Unlike the  (tradition) invitation, you have to spend a considerable amount of money to print invitations plus an additional cost to send them. By using formal email in PDF, all you need is a digital graphic print, typewritten words, and internet to send to everyone.

Levi Strauss was the first man to begin producing special, strong trousers for working people. He made these trousers from a fabric called "denim"—a tough fabric probably came from a town named Nimes in France. Many people now think the English word "denim"conies from the (France) words "de Nimes", which means "from Nimes". Later, Strauss added special metal buttons to the trousers to make them even (strong) and they immediately became very popular.

Chad Turns delivers for UPS in the small town of Dauphin, and is beloved by his customers. As seen in a video posted to Facebook, when Turns drove into a parking lot for what he thought was a 1 up on Tuesday, he was greeted instead by a dozen residents clapping and yelling, "2 , Chad!" Turns was so overcome with emotion thwat he pulled out his handkerchief to wipe his 3 .

"Turns is well-known for his thoughtfulness and 4 ," resident Jenny Shickley said, adding that he often leaves treats for their dogs when delivering packages. She organized the special event after people commented in a group Facebook post about what a(an) 5 job Turns was doing.

She raised $1,000 for Turns in two weeks in the small town. The group gave him the generous gift with a large card signed by members of the 6 . Jenny said Turns had taken care of them for a year and they wanted to take care of him.

"It is 7 that this community feels so strongly about me," Turns told the reporter. He said all UPS drivers deserve to be thanked in this way. He also added that he will pay it 8 by continuing to provide the good service that he is known for.

"Chad is a great UPSer," UPS spokesperson Jackie Fajt said in a statement. "Celebrations like this really highlight the 9 our drivers have with their customer base. We appreciate that UPS drivers like Chad are being 10 for how they are moving our world forward."