沪教版八年级英语下册Unit 7 Space exploration 单元基础素养测验卷
试卷更新日期:2026-05-12 类型:单元试卷
一、完形填空
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1. 阅读下面短文,掌握大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Do you want to be an astronaut in the future? Every year on April 24, it's Space Day of China. It's a day to celebrate China's 1 in space exploration (探索). Ever since Yang Liwei made 2 to space in 2003, about 20 Chinese astronauts have been to space.
In space, astronauts face many problems. There is 3 gravity (重力). For example, the gravity on the moon is only 1/6 of that on the earth. So their bodies become much lighter in space. 4 , being away from family and friends for a long time can make them feel 5 . What's more, if something goes wrong 6 , they have to work fast and try to fix it by themselves. That's 7 astronauts have to be smart, strong, and ready for any 8 before they can go to space.
To make sure that Chinese astronauts finish their work and 9 to Earth safely, eight kinds of training are set. Apart from (除了) physical training, astronauts also 10 science knowledge and mock (模拟) training. Before they can go to space, they 11 like this for at least three and a half years.
Among the training subjects, the 12 part is the underwater training. It's difficult but helps astronauts 13 the weightless environment in space. Astronauts need to wear diving suits (潜水服) that weigh more than 100 kilos and stay underwater for six hours at a time. Moving around in the water with such a 14 suit is really tiring. One astronaut, Nie Haisheng, even lost 2 kilos 15 one underwater training exercise.
(1)A、 importance B、 situation C、 development D、 memory(2)A、 it B、 them C、 him D、 us(3)A、 no B、 little C、 much D、 lots of(4)A、 Still B、 Again C、 However D、 Also(5)A、 lonely B、 friendly C、 excited D、 stupid(6)A、 truly B、 suddenly C、 slowly D、 actually(7)A、 why B、 how C、 what D、 where(8)A、 challenge B、 excitement C、 mess D、 information(9)A、 rise B、 hurry C、 return D、 go(10)A、 offer B、 include C、 need D、 enjoy(11)A、 play B、 train C、 celebrate D、 communicate(12)A、 easiest B、 best C、 worst D、 hardest(13)A、 clean up B、 look through C、 get ready for D、 fall in love with(14)A、 heavy B、 bright C、 strange D、 smart(15)A、 for B、 without C、 before D、 after二、语法选择
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2. 语法选择
How many things can you see in the night sky? A lot! 1 a clear evening you might see the Moon and some planets. And 2 sparkling stars3 , too.
You can see even4 with a telescope. You might see stars where you only saw dark space before. You might see that many stars look larger than others. You might see that some stars 5 look white6 really red or blue.
But scientists believe there are some things in the sky that we 7 . We can't see them with the biggest telescope in the world, even when it is the clearest night of the year. That's8 they're invisible. They're the mysterious dead stars and they 9 black holes. You might find 10 hard to imagine that stars die. After all, our Sun is a star. Year after year we see it up in the sky, burning brightly, giving us heat and light. The Sun certainly doesn't seem11 getting old or weak, 12 stars do burn out and die after billions of years. As a star's gases burn, they give off light and heat. But when the gas runs 13 , the star stops14 and begins to die.
So the next time you stare up at the night sky, remember: there's more in the sky than that meets the eye. 15 amazing space it is!
(1)A、 On B、 In C、 At D、 For(2)A、 thousand B、 thousands C、 thousand of D、 thousands of(3)A、see B、 were see C、 can be seen D、 will be seen(4)A、much B、 many C、 most D、 more(5)A、 what B、 which C、 who D、 where(6)A、 be B、 is C、 am D、 are(7)A、 never see B、 never saw C、 will never see D、 had never seen(8)A、 when B、 how C、 because D、 so(9)A、 are called B、 called C、 call D、 is called(10)A、it B、 you C、 yourself D、 itself(11)A、 to be B、 being C、 been D、 is(12)A、and B、 but C、so D、 or(13)A、 around B、 off C、 away D、out(14)A、 burning B、 to burn C、 burn D、 burnt(15)A、 How B、 What C、 What an D、 How an三、阅读理解
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3. 阅读理解
Moon's Reservoirs
How much water is there on the Moon? This is a question we have tried to answer for many years. A group of scientists from China and the UK found that the Moon may have water "reservoirs (水库)", according to Nature Geoscience.
Over a large amount of years, asteroids (小行星) have hit the Moon, causing the soil to melt and fly into space. It is then cooled down and falls back to the Moon, forming beads (珠子) of glass. The Chang'e-5 probe, which returned to the Earth on December 17, 2020, brought back a total of 1,731 grams of rocks and soil from the Moon, including glass beads, reported Xinhua.
The international research team looked into 32 glass beads. They found that about one ton of glass beads may contain 0.5 kilograms of "water". "This ‘water' wasn't a liquid but instead took the form of hydrogen (氢) in the glass beads, which can easily be turned into the water we can use," one of the study authors told Science and Technology Daily.
Researchers estimated that the water contained in the glass beads could probably reach to as much as 270 trillion kilograms. "It's a lot more than we thought," the author added.
The study said the hydrogen in the glass beads may come from the Sun as part of solar winds. The glass beads have many small holes which can absorb (吸收) hydrogen from the wind.
This finding would be a "really big deal" for space exploration, as humans plan to settle on. the Moon in the future, a space scientist told ABC News.
(1)、How did the glass beads on the Moon form?① The Moon soil falls back to the Moon. ② The Moon soil cools down.
③ The Moon soil flies into space. ④Asteroids hit the Moon.
⑤ The Moon soil melts.
A、⑥④③②① B、②③④①⑥ C、④②⑤③① D、④⑤③②①(2)、What are the findings of the international research team?A、There is water inside the beads. B、The beads are actually water drops. C、There is 0.5kg of water from the beads. D、The beads have material that can be turned into water.(3)、What does the underlined word "estimated" probably mean in Chinese?A、证明 B、担心 C、估计 D、解释(4)、Paragraph 5 mainly talks about ____.A、how solar winds form B、how the study was done C、why there is hydrogen in the beads D、what else the study has found4. 阅读理解The first man in space was Yuri Gagarin. He flew into space in 196l, His spacecraft was called Vostok 1.Space travel has taught us so much about the universe and changed how we live here on the earth.
The world's first space travel agency(旅行社)has opened in Britain because more and more people want to travel into outer space.
The agency will arrange everything from planes to hotels for people with prices from $250,000 to 4791,666.
"Being an astronaut is a childhood dream for so many people.However,it's quiet a difficult job to get into.Luckily,we can take you into outer space now.So this gives people the chance to experience it for a few weeks,"said the manager of the agency.
The experience will allow people to enjoy zero gravity(重力)and the beauty of the earth from space.People can also see about 16 sunrises and sunsets a day.
When you get into space,some really fun things can happen to your body.On the ground,gravity pulls your spine(脊柱)down.In space,without gravity,you may get a little taller.There are also other changes too.For example,the heart gets smaller and the eyeball gets bigger.Are you ready to try a space travel?
(1)、Where is the world's first space travel agency?A、In America B、In Britain C、In Australia D、In Russia(2)、What does the underlined word "arrange"mean?A、Produce B、Change C、Plan D、Catch(3)、According to the passage,what can people do if they travel into space?A、They can walk on the moon. B、They can do some interesting research. C、They can watch several sunrises and sunsets a day. D、They can take photos of all the planets of the earth.(4)、According to the passage,what will happen to our body when we get into space?①We become taller. ②We become thinner. ③Our hearts become smaller.
④Our noses become longer ⑤our eyeballs become bigger
A、①②③ B、②③④ C、①③⑤ D、③④⑤(5)、What's the best title of the text?A、A Travel to Space B、A Great Astronaut C、A Travel Agency D、A Way to Change Your Body5. 阅读理解Is there intelligent (有智力的) life on other planets? For years, scientists said "no" or "we don't know". But today this is changing. Seth Shostak and Alex Barnett are astronomers (天文学家). They believe intelligent life lives somewhere in the universe. They also think we will soon contact(联系) it.
Why do Shostak and Barnett think intelligent life lives on other planets? The first reason is time. Scientists believe the universe is about 12 billion years old. "This is long enough for other planets to have intelligent life," say Shostak and Barnett. The second reason is size — the universe is huge. "Tools like the Hubble Telescopes(哈勃望远镜) have shown that there are at least 100 billion galaxies," says Shostak. "And our galaxy, the Milky Way, has at least 100 billion stars. Some planets going around these stars might be similar to the earth."
In the past, it was hard to look for signs of intelligent life in the universe. But now, powerful telescopes (高倍望远镜) allow scientists to find smaller planets — the size of Mars or the earth — in other solar systems. These planets might have intelligent life.
Has intelligent life from space already visited the earth? "Probably not," says Shostak. "It's a long way away. However, intelligent life may contact us in other ways, such as radio. In fact, they may be trying to communicate with us now, but we don't have the right tools to receive their messages. However, this is changing. By 2025, we could make contact with other life forms in our universe and we might help each other."
(1)、What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 1 refer to?A、Intelligent life. B、Astronomer. C、Telescope. D、Universe.(2)、Why was it hard to look for signs of intelligent life in the universe in the past?A、There were not any smaller planets. B、The Milky Way didn't exist(存在) at that time. C、The astronomers were not interested in them. D、There were not any powerful telescopes.(3)、According to Shostak, intelligent life from space hasn't visited us yet for ____.A、they are afraid of us B、it's a long way away C、they don't want to see us D、they don't know how to use radio signals(4)、We can read the passage in ____ part of a magazine.A、Sports B、Business C、Science D、Advertisement四、任务型阅读
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6. 阅读短文,从A——E五个选项中选出正确的选项补全短文,并完成小题。有一项为多余项。
Every year on April 24th, it's Space Day of China. It's a day to celebrate the country's growth in space exploration. The manned space missions(载人航天任务) are a big part of it.
What problems do astronauts face?
In space, astronauts face many problems. There is little gravity(重力) there, which affects their bodies. What's more, if something goes wrong on their mission all of a sudden, they have to work out how to fix it under huge pressure. That's why astronauts have to be smart, strong, and ready for any challenge before they can go to space.
How are astronauts trained?
"To make sure that Chinese astronauts complete their missions and return to Earth safely, over 200kinds of training are set, " said Huang Weifen, the chief designer of the project. So before astronauts can go to space, they get training like these for at least three and a half years.
This helps them get ready for the weightless environment in space, Huang explained that astronauts wear diving suits(潜水服) that weigh more than 100 kilograms and stay underwater for six hours at a time. She said that it was quite hard. For example, Nie Haisheng even lost 2 kilograms after one underwater training exercise.
A. What is the weightless feeling?
B. Being an astronaut is cool but difficult.
C. Also, being in a tiny spaceship can make them feel stressed out.
D. One of the hardest parts of the training is the underwater training.
E. These include not only physical training but also some basic science training.
Do you want to be an astronaut in the future? Why?(15词左右)
7. 阅读短文,根据题目要求完成各小题。China's Chang'e 6 probe (探测器) returned to Earth on June 25, 2024, with the first-ever rock and soil samples (样本) from the far side of the moon. China's space agency called the mission (任务) "a complete success" after the probe landed in northern China.
Chinese scientists think the returned samples include 2.5 million-year-old volcanic rock and other materials that scientists hope will answer questions about geographic (地理的) differences on the moon's two sides.
The samples could even help scientists to discover how planets are formed, according to the BBC.
The near side is what is seen from Earth, and the far side faces outer space. The far side is also known to have mountains and impact craters, contrasting with relatively flat areas visible on the near side.
While past US and Soviet missions have collected samples from the moon's near side, the Chinese mission is the first that has collected samples from the far side.
The moon program is part of a growing rivalry (竞争) with the US—still the leader in space exploration and others, including Japan and India. China has put its own space station in orbit (轨道) and regularly sends astronauts there.
China's leader Xi Jinping sent a message of congratulations to the Chang'e team, saying that it was a "landmark achievement in our country's efforts at becoming a space and technological power".
The probe left Earth on May 3, and its journey lasted 53 days. Scientists are hoping that the simple materials contain traces of meteorite (陨石) strikes from the moon's past.
Experts believe that the aim of future missions will be not only to explore, but to take control of the moon's resources.
(1)、When did Chang'e 6 probe return to Earth?(2)、What's the way of the writer starting the passage?(3)、Compared to past US and Soviet, what's the significance (意义) of the Chang'e 6 mission?(4)、What's the future goal of experts predicting for exploration?(5)、How do you like China's moon mission?五、书面表达
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8. 你想居住在地球上还是火星上呢?假如你是李伟,下个月你班将举办一次主题为"Mars or Earth?"的英语演讲比赛。请你结合以下表格内容,发挥你的想象,用英语写一篇发言稿,做出你的选择并说明理由。
Life on the earth
Life on Mars
a lot of pollution
a clean place without pollution
travel to places of interest
travel to its moons(卫星) by spaceship
have classes at school
study online
drive cars on roads
float(飘浮) in the air
注意:
1)演讲稿需要包含以上所给提示信息,可适当发挥;
2)词数:80~100。演讲稿的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear classmates,
Thanks a lot for listening to my speech.
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