沪教版英语八年级上学期Unit 1 Look it up! 单元核心素养培优卷
试卷更新日期:2025-09-01 类型:单元试卷
一、完形填空(共10小题,每小题1.5分,满分15分)
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1. 完形填空
You must know something about snails (蜗牛). They are interesting, aren't they? People all say snails "walk", 1 most of the time snails don't move at all. They're in their shells (壳)—2 .
The 3 sun will dry out (使……变干) a snail's body. So when it's sunny, a snail doesn't get out of its shell. It goes to sleep 4 its shell. A snail will be 5 on rainy days. When it rains, it goes out of its shell house. A snail can sleep as long as it needs to. It can have a 6 sleep, or it can sleep for days at a time. And it 7 all the winter months sleeping in its shell.
In spring the snail 8 . Its body, about 8 cm long, comes out of the shell. When hungry, the snail looks for food. It can't 9 very well. Its eyes, at the end of the top feelers (触角), are very weak. But its sense of smell is very strong. It helps the snail to find the fresh greens. Then the snail's little mouth goes to work. Usually, a snail looks for food at 10 . But on cloudy days it eats in the daytime.
A snail can keep eating for hours and never feels full. Its mouth is like the point of a pin (大头针). But it is said that a snail has about 14, 000 teeth!
(1)A、 so B、 and C、 but D、 if(2)A、 moving B、 sleeping C、 eating D、 walking(3)A、 hot B、 cool C、 cold D、 big(4)A、 on B、 behind C、 outside D、 in(5)A、 happy B、 healthy C、 lost D、 interested(6)A、 long B、 short C、 great D、 whole(7)A、 needs B、 spends C、 pays D、 takes(8)A、 gets up B、 wakes up C、 stands up D、 climbs up(9)A、 feel B、 smell C、 hear D、 see(10)A、 noon B、 morning C、 night D、 home二、阅读理解(共20小题,每小题2分,满分40分)第一节(共15小题,每小题2分,满分30分)
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2. 阅读以下短文,从每小题所给的四个选项中,选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。
An encyclopaedia is a useful special reference book, or a set of books. It contains valuable information on many different subjects, or it can focus deeply on one subject. For over 2, 000 years, encyclopaedias have summarized human knowledge to help people learn.
The word "encyclopaedia" comes from ancient Greek words meaning "all-round education". At first, it described a complete system of learning. A German writer, Paul Scalich, was the first to use "encyclopaedia" as the actual title for a book in 1559. Before that, these books often had creative names or were simply called "dictionaries". Denis Diderot later made "encyclopaedia" more popular with his well-known French "Encyclopédie".
The meaning of "encyclopaedia" has changed greatly. Today, people usually think of a large set of books. These books often include maps, pictures, and an index to help find information. They cover many various topics, including biographies of important people, both in the past and at present. Many experts write these articles, and skilled editors carefully put them together.
However, encyclopaedias weren't always exactly like this. In the past, some were just a single book written by one person, while others were indeed huge sets. They didn't always have illustrations or information about living people. Arranging topics alphabetically or using languages other than Latin took many years to become very common.
Encyclopaedias can cover all knowledge or focus on specific broad areas, like history or science. They are important because they record what people knew at different specific times. Even old encyclopaedias are valuable because they contain writings from many great thinkers and leaders, showing how our understanding of the world has greatly grown.
(1)、What is the main purpose of an encyclopaedia?A、To replace formal education systems. B、To advertise new scientific discoveries. C、To entertain readers with creative stories. D、To summarize human knowledge for learning.(2)、How did early encyclopaedias differ from modern ones?A、They focused only on science. B、They were always written in Latin. C、They often didn't have illustrations. D、They never covered multiple subjects.(3)、What does the underlined word "index" in Paragraph 3 probably mean in Chinese?A、索引 B、封皮 C、脚注 D、标题(4)、Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?(①Modern features ②Definition ③Value ④Past features ⑤History)
A、②→⑤→①→④→③ B、⑤→②→④→①→③ C、②→①→⑤→③→④ D、①→⑤→②→④→③(5)、Where is the passage probably taken from?A、A fiction novel about Greek scholars. B、A museum guidebook about ancient books. C、A newspaper article on modern technology. D、An educational magazine on knowledge tools.3. 阅读以下短文,从每小题所给的四个选项中,选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。Dictionaries are very important tools for students. When you encounter a new word, you can look it up in a dictionary to find its pronunciation, definition, and usage. There are different types of dictionaries, such as English-Chinese dictionaries and Chinese-English dictionaries. Online dictionaries are also very popular now. They are convenient and provide more examples. In addition to dictionaries, there are other reference books like encyclopedias and thesauruses. Encyclopedias can give you detailed knowledge about various topics, and thesauruses can help you find synonyms for words. Using these reference books can improve your study efficiency.
(1)、What can dictionaries help us find?A、Pronunciation, definition, and usage of words. B、Only pronunciation. C、Only definition. D、Only usage.(2)、What types of dictionaries are mentioned?A、English-Chinese and Chinese-English dictionaries. B、Only English-Chinese dictionaries. C、Only Chinese-English dictionaries. D、None of the above.(3)、Why are online dictionaries popular?A、Because they are slow. B、Because they are convenient and provide more examples. C、Because they are hard to use. D、Because they are boring.(4)、What can encyclopedias do?A、Help find synonyms. B、Give detailed knowledge about various topics. C、Only provide pictures. D、None of the above.(5)、How can using reference books help students?A、By reducing study efficiency. B、By improving study efficiency. C、By making study more difficult. D、By wasting time.4. 阅读以下短文,从每小题所给的四个选项中,选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。How do we know the time? A clock, a watch or a mobile phone can help us. However, many years ago there were no clocks and knowing the time was not so easy. Over the centuries, people have developed different ways of telling the time.
About 5, 500 years ago, the Egyptians invented the sun clock. This was a tall stone building. Its shadow (影子) showed the movement of the sun. So people were able to know midday. The Egyptians made a sundial about 3, 500 years ago. It was smaller than the sun clock and could let people know the time for half a day. On cloudy days or at night it was impossible to tell the time with a sun clock or a sundial. Water clocks were the first clocks not to use the sun. The idea is simple. Water flows (流动) from one bottle to another. When the water reaches a certain level, it shows the hours. The Egyptians used water clocks about 3, 400 years ago. These clocks were popular in the Middle East and China. But they failed to make people know the exact time.
In the 13th century, the mechanical clock was invented. This was more exact, but it was expensive to make one. Over the next few centuries it was developed. For example, spring (发条) were added around 1500. This enabled people to get the correct time and allowed clocks to be smaller. In 1927, the first quartz clock was developed. Clocks became cheaper to build. It's also cheaper for ordinary people to own a clock. People began depending on them more and more to run business, markets and so on. More recently, in 1956, came the digital clock. And nowadays satellites send our mobile phones the time to the exact second.
There has been a lot of progress in timekeeping. Clocks are always changing but some things never change. Many of us still have trouble getting out of bed on time and not being late for school or work.
(1)、According to the passage, we can't use the ____ to tell the time on a rainy day.A、water clock B、sun clock C、digital clock D、mechanical clock(2)、What's the meaning of the underlined word "ordinary" in the third paragraph?A、modern B、special C、rich D、common(3)、How many kinds of clocks are mentioned in the passage?A、Four. B、Five. C、Six. D、Seven.(4)、Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage?(①—paragraph 1, ②—paragraph 2, …)
A、B、
C、
D、
(5)、What does the passage mainly talk about?A、The importance of time. B、The development of timekeeping. C、The inventions of clocks. D、The history of a digital clock.三、阅读理解(共20小题,每小题2分,满分40分)第二节(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)
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5. 阅读短文,从方框内所列选项中,选出最佳选项填入对应空白处,使短文通顺、连贯。(选项中有一项多余)
Qian Xuesen was a great scientist. He is also known as "the King of the Rocket. " Thanks to his research, China's space technology has progressed in a rapid way.
Qian was born in Shanghai on December 11th, 1911. After graduation, he worked in America for a few years. In the early 1950s, he heard that New China had been founded (建立), and he decided to give up the good working conditions in America. Although the American government tried to stop him from leaving, he succeeded in coming back to China in 1955.
Then it became the leading organization for China's rocket and air travel. At that time, the conditions in China were too hard. On April 24, 1970, China's first man-made satellite (卫星), "Dongfanghong I" was successfully sent into the air.
A student of Qian Xuesen, Zhu Yilin, once said, "I learned professional knowledge and working spirit from Mr. Qian. When New China needed scientists badly, he returned to help in the rocket industry. "
A. I sensed his deep love for our country, too.
B. Who visited Qian Xuesen when he was in China?
C. At the age of 24, he went to America to study.
D. But Qian and his team still faced the difficulties bravely.
E. He is known as "the Father of China's Space Program. "
F. In 1956, Qian Xuesen suggested starting a special organization.
四、词汇应用(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)
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6. My travels and teaching experience in China (complete) changed how I see the world.7. We (organize) lots of activities to celebrate our school's fiftieth birthday last month.8. Vincent van Gogh was a famous (art) known for his unique style of painting.9. A thesaurus can help us find (synonym) for words.10. Ben searched everywhere in the park but didn't find out what caused his cat's (die).11. I worked with the children to turn the old songs into new (作品) with modern instruments.12. My grandfather always cooks delicious dishes for the (全部的) family.13. My mom reminded me to bring an umbrella with me, but I (彻底;完全) forgot about it.14. Many famous (艺术家) took part in the concert.15. To make a sandwich, you need to put two (片) of bread together with some vegetables and meat in the middle.
五、完成句子(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)
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16. 杰克总是通过把他需要学的东西和生活中有趣的东西相联系来学习。
Jack always learns by connecting what he needs to learn with in life.
17. 每个人在一些方面都有天赋,我们应该尽最大努力去发现它们。Everyone some aspects and we should try our best to discover them.
18. 作为医生,你再细心也不为过。毕竟,失之毫厘,谬以千里。As a doctor, you can't be too careful. After all, a miss is a mile.
19. 爷爷教我制作了一些不同形状的风筝。My grandpa taught me to in different shapes.
20. 从很小的时候,她就开始练习跳水,并盼望成为一名世界冠军。, she began to practise diving, and looked forward to becoming a world champion.
六、选词填空(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分)
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21. 用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空
at birth complete intelligent Italy live on
notebook origin other relate to small
(1)、 After class, he returned all the to his schoolbag.(2)、 Rose showed high from an early age.(3)、 it was a bedroom, but we turned it into a study.(4)、 Jim never gave up in the past and he did everything he could his work.(5)、The baby giant panda looks like a little mouse .(6)、A study showed that people's mood is the weather.(7)、 Christopher Columbus was . He was one of the first people to discover the Americas.(8)、 We are the same planet. We should take care of it together.(9)、 Some students are playing football over there, and are chatting under the tree.(10)、 The coat is too big. Do you have a one?七、短文语法填空(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分)
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22. 短文语法填空
The giant panda is a national treasure of China. It is famous a living fossil. Most pandas have black-and-white fur. They look very cute and have higher (intelligent) than many animals. They can follow the zookeepers' (instruction) without difficulty. That's why almost everyone (like) them.
Giant pandas love eating bamboo best. But they also enjoy other food, including birds, fish some small animals. A panda at (born) only weighs about 120 grams, while a grown-up panda's weight can rise up to about 120 kilograms.
Wild giant pandas live in cool and wet bamboo forests of central and western China, high up in the mountains. They show great ability to climb trees from early age.
The living giant panda was (one) found in Sichuan by a Frenchman. Because giant pandas were in danger of (die) out, they were on the list of the endangered species. Luckily, in 2016, (science) changed the level of giant pandas on the list. It's China's success in rebuilding bamboo forests.
八、读写结合(共两节,满分25分)第一节 任务型阅读(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)
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23. 任务型阅读
Here's another story about Leonardo da Vinci. It was said that Leonardo was a strange man. He didn't eat any meat, which was very unusual in those times. He never published (发表) his ideas and scientific discoveries. He usually used mirror writing, which looks like writing a mirror, starting from the right side of the page and moving to the left.
We have very little of his work today. Leonardo finished only a few of his paintings. He left many unfinished because he thought they were not perfect. No one in his life time knew how great Leonardo was. We now believe, however, that he was one of the cleverest men that the world has ever known.
(1)、Did most people in Leonardo's life time eat meat?(2)、How many examples did the writer choose to show Leonardo was a strange man?(3)、What does mirror writing look like?(4)、What might Leonardo da Vinci think of his painting Mona Lisa?(5)、What does the writer think of Leonardo da Vinci?九、读写结合(共两节,满分25分)第二节 书面表达(共1题,满分15分)
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24. 钱学森是中国"两弹一星"元勋,为中国航天科技的发展做出了巨大贡献。请你根据下面表格中所提供的信息,写一篇英语短文介绍钱学森。
姓名
钱学森
生卒日期
1911年12月11日—2009年10月31日
出生地
中国上海
教育背景
1934年毕业于上海交通大学,后赴美留学,获博士学位
主要成就
1. 参与美国早期火箭研究,1955年回到中国
2. 领导研制中国第一颗人造卫星"东方红一号",推动导弹和空间探索领域的发展
3. 中国航天事业的奠基人,被誉为"中国航天之父"
要求:
1. 文中须包含表格中的要点提示,可适当发挥;
2. 词数100左右。
参考词汇:aerospace science and technology航天科技
father of China's aerospace中国航天之父
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