广东省深圳市福田区高级中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
试卷更新日期:2024-07-16 类型:期末考试
一、第一部分,阅读理解,第一节,阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
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1. 阅读理解
Columbia Engineering's Summer High School Academic Program for Engineers (SHAPE) is a selective pre-college program for high school students and recent graduates. SHAPE is tailored for students with a gift for STEM: science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Each 3-week session offers college-level, project-based courses in engineering taught by celebrated professors at the university.
SHAPE gives students a more realistic picture of what it means to be an engineer and its professional development components help students develop the skills they need to get there.
Courses
SHAPE features creative problem-solving courses and exposes students to innovative engineering techniques and knowledge presented by professors. Please note that SHAPE does not provide college credit.
Students gain access to the famous MakerSpace and state-of-the-art research laboratories after completing the safety training and will only do so under close guidance.
SHAPE also provides students with workshops to explore career fields, professional development, and guidance on sharpening one's college application from admissions officers. Students in the program will be visiting companies and organizations that show the classroom content in practice.
Application
Students are selected based on the following criteria:
⒈Strong academic record
⒉Personal statement to demonstrate excitement and interest in STEM through engagement in challenging courses, activities, projects, etc.
⒊Enthusiastic letter of recommendation submitted by a math or science teacher
⒋Creative responses to two required questions and one of the three optional questions
We encourage all students to apply by the priority deadline of June 15, 2023, so there is no application fee. After the priority deadline, a $50 application fee is required.
SHAPE is dedicated to supporting students and their families in need of financial assistance. We offer a limited number of need-based scholarships, which cover the full cost of SHAPE. To be considered for a need-based scholarship, families will need to provide a recent pay receipt and complete a Family Income and Expense Worksheet.
Email: shape@columbia.edu for more information.
(1)、What can we learn about SHAPE?A、It suits students talented in STEM. B、It shows the procedure of learning STEM. C、It serves as the start of students' college life. D、It gives students chances to work with engineers.(2)、In SHAPE, students can____.A、be free to explore the MakerSpace B、earn college credit for future study C、put school knowledge into practice D、be equipped with skills for engineering(3)、To secure a place in SHAPE, students need to____.A、show their family financial state B、answer all the given questions C、pay application fees before deadline D、prove their learning capability2. 阅读理解It's 1:30 am in Kenya's populated north, and 50 people are lying on their backs on the shore of a dried-up river, staring up at the night sky. These stargazers have travelled 250 miles to Samburu to witness the Perseid meteor shower(英仙座流星雨). They are not disappointed: Every few minutes, arrows of light shoot across the sky like silent fireworks.
The Star Safari is organised by a Kenyan astronomer, Susan Murabana, who has brought a 50 kg,170 cm-long telescope to allow the group to view Mars and deep-sky objects. But here in Samburu, where light pollution is minimal, the Perseid meteors—visible with the naked eye (裸眼)—steal the show.
Every two months, Murabana and her husband load their telescope on to the roof of their 4×4 and set off to rural communities, where they give up to 300 children a chance to view the planets and learn about constellations (星座) and the basics of astrophysics. They primarily targets schools in remote areas because of her mission to give girls an opportunity that she wishes had been available to her.
"When I started this work, I didn't see people who looked like me. I was a lone ranger and I wanted to change that." says Murabana.
"There is a common misconception in Kenya that astronomy in general is hard, boring, and only for boys," she adds. "I'd like to teach young girls that astronomy is neither of these things and that they, too, can become astronomers," says Murabana.
Murabana's passion for astronomy began in her early 20s when her uncle invited her to join a similar outreach session organized by the Cosmos Education. "That was a gamechanger. If an outreach group had come to me when I was a young teenager, my attitude towards a career in astronomy would have been positive. I ended up studying sociology and economics, but maybe I would have desired to be an astronomer," she says.
Inspired by the Cosmos Education, Murabana completed an online master's degree in astronomy with the James Cook University in 201l and set up her own outreach programme. She looked to Dr Mae Jemison, the first black woman in space, as a role model. "I hope that one day, through this work, I will spark a chain reaction that leads to the first African woman in space."
(1)、What do the underlined words "steal the show" in paragraph 2 mean?A、Ruin the effort. B、Face the challenge. C、Attract more attention. D、Keep the promise.(2)、Why does Murabana target girl students in remote areas?A、To help them out of poverty. B、To inspire their love of astronomy. C、To look for assistants for her work. D、To give them an edge over boys in studies.(3)、What can we learn about Murabana from paragraph 6?A、She enjoyed playing games. B、She longed to be an astronomer. C、She is an initiator of Cosmos Education. D、She regretted not taking astronomy earlier.(4)、What's the passage mainly about?A、The birth of a Kenyan woman astronomer. B、The prejudice against girls in rural Kenyan. C、The Kenyan astronomer bringing astronomy to the people. D、The Kenyan stargazers watching the Perseid meteors shower.3. 阅读理解From rolling hills to mountain ranges, views make any road trip memorable, but for blin d passengers this is part of the experience they miss. Motor company Ford tries to change that. It teamed up with GTB Rom a and AedoProject—to develop a technology that will give those unfortunate passengers a way to feel nature's beauty through their car windows.
The prototype (原型) of the smart car window has a device with an outside-facing camera. With just a press of a button, the system takes a picture of the current view. The colorful picture is then turned into an image with different shades of grey through, LED lights, which vibrates (震动) differently. As the finger passes over different regions of the image, its shaking movements provide feedback through the sense of touch to the person using it. The smart window also comes with a voice assistant that uses AI to identify the scene and help the passengers get information on what they're seeing.
"As the prototype started taking shape, we realized we were giving birth to a completely new language that would give blind people a new chance to visualize and experience traveling," Federico Russo.-one director of GTBRoma, said. "When the idea was at its first stage, we looked for suppliers all around the world to make it come to life." He believes the technology can be employed not just in cars. "It could be introduced into schools and in stitutions for blind people as a tool that could be used in multiple ways."
The technology may show up in a Ford autonomous vehicle. It's known that the company is testing their technology and future business model and struggling to figure out how an autonomous vehicle gives different passengers the details needed to get from one destination to another. It's unclear when this technology will be made available. However, the idea of building something for the less advanced is indeed a kind and influential action.
(1)、How does the smart car window work?A、By sorting shaking movements. B、By recording the view with a camera. C、By translating scenery into vibrations. D、By presenting different shades of colors.(2)、What can we know about the technology according to Federico Russø?A、It will have wide application. B、It will be used in schools first. C、It will be tested around the world. D、It will understand different languages.(3)、What difficulty is Ford facing currently?A、How to explore their future business model. B、How the technology is applied to everyday life. C、How to produce autonomous cars in large numbers. D、How an autonomous vehicle provides route information.(4)、Which can be the best title for the text?A、AI-based Window Adds Fun to Road Trips B、Ford Develops a System for the Blind to Drive C、Smart Window Lets Blin d Passengers Feel Views D、Technology Makes Blind People's Trip Enjoyable4. 阅读理解Survivor bias(偏见,偏差), occurs when you tend to assess successful outcomes and disregard failures. This sampling bias paints a more promising or even misleading picture of reality.
Survivor bias is a sneaky problem that tends to slip into analyses unnoticed. For starters, it feels natural to emphasize success, whether it's entrepreneurs, or survivors of a medical condition. We focus on and share these stories more than the failures.
Think about the famous college dropouts who became highly successful, such as Mark Zuckerberg, Steve Jobs, and Bill Gates. These successful examples might make you think a college degree isn't beneficial. However, that's survivor bias at work! These famous individuals are at the forefront of media reports. You hear more about them because they are extraordinary. You're not considering the millions of other college dropouts that aren't rich and famous. You need to assess their outcomes as well.
Survivor bias has even occurred in medical studies about severe diseases. Younger, healthier, and more fit patients tend to survive a disease's initial diagnosis more frequently. Hence, they are more likely to join medical studies. On the contrary, older, weaker patients are less likely to survive long enough to participate in studies. Consequently, these studies overestimate successful disease outcomes because they are less likely to include those who die shortly after diagnosis.
Undeniably, successful cases are usually more visible and easier to contact than unsuccessful cases. However, focusing on the high-performing successes and disregarding other cases introduces survivor bias. After all, you're leaving out a significant part of the picture as it's harder to collect data from the less successful members of a population. Incomplete data can affect your decision-making process. Put simply, survivor bias produces an inaccurate sample, causing you to jump to incorrect conclusions.
To minimize the impact of survivor bias, you should find ways to draw a representative sample from the population, not just a few of successful samples. That process might call for more expense and effort, but you'll get better results.
(1)、What writing technique is used in Paragraphs 3 and 4?A、Making comparisons. B、Giving examples. C、Describing facts. D、Analyzing data.(2)、What may occur if you have a survivor bias?A、You will take all factors into account before making a final analysis. B、You will overestimate the failure rate so you may quit your project. C、You will only have partial data and reach an incorrect conclusion. D、You will be more likely to survive in unfavorable circumstances.(3)、What can we infer from the passage?A、People tend to lose sight of the overall statistics. B、People are unwilling to read unsuccessful stories. C、Doctors don't have enough expense to collect abundant samples. D、The media should be responsible for kids' dropping out of school.(4)、What does the author suggest readers do to avoid survivor bias?A、Leave out the famous historic cases. B、Collect a wide enough range of samples. C、Focus on those most mentioned examples. D、Select some successful and inspiring tales.二、第一部分,阅读理解,第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
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5. 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every New Year, thousands decide they're going to change their lives. Fewer than 10 percent actually stick with their plans, and that figure is being generous. .
Not aiming high enough. While it's easy to think setting easy goals will keep you motivated, it may harm your long-term motivation. If you make goals that are too achievable, you'll get bored and lose interest. . If you're used to staying within your comfort zone, you'll be missing out on the satisfaction of achieving a life-changing goal. When you push yourself, you'll be able to build unshakable confidence as you achieve goal after goal.
. This is a fear many of us deal with. Instead of taking action, we start worrying about " What if?" "What if it doesn't work out? What if my dream isn't truly my dream? What if I don't succeed?" If you have trouble creating a vision , then you're at the risk of being aimless through life. . You can start the process of discovering your life purpose by asking yourself, " What would my ideal life look like?"
Letting fear control your mind and actions. Fear can prevent you from achieving your dreams. You'll miss out on opportunities in life if you don't learn how to manage your fears. . One way to manage fear is to look for the root cause of your fear. With deep introspection (反省), you can uncover the exact moment when those fears are holding you back from growing. This will give you a window of opportunity to communicate with your inner being and find release.
A. Lacking self-confidence
B. Being uncertain about the future
C. Fortunately, fear can be overcome
D. Below you'll find some common reasons why you're losing motivation
E. Many of us are motivated not by a desire to achieve, but by fear of failure
F. Ideally, you want to strike a balance between pushing yourself and creating realistic goals
G. However, when you find your purpose and passion, you'll be driven to struggle for excellence
三、第二部分,语言应用,第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
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6. 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Recently, a 15-year-old girl Lynn Sumpter broke the rules by going to a sleepover party secretly. And her 1 gave her a choice between handing over her phone for a month, or giving them access to her social media for two weeks. She chose the latter and the netizens are so 2 of it.
Lynn Sumpter's social media 3 by her parents, Tawnya Ford and Lary Sumpter, began early in November with an instagram (照片墙) post that 4 she had chosen to abandon her social media for two weeks. So her 5 could expect "some amazing Instagram posts, snapchats and tiktoks from her parents". On November 11, Lynn's dad had already begun his 6 exploration to embarrass his teen daughter, by 7 one of his photos, saying "Felt cute. Might delete later". But that was 8 the beginning. From posing in a tight top and 9 a blonde wig (假发) to dancing around in a pair of shorts and a tank-top (背心), it seemed like there was nothing the 43-year-old wouldn't do to 10 .
Over the course of two weeks, Lynn Sumpter's Instagram following 11 from around 2,700 to 12,700 at the time of this writing, so she should probably thank her parents for their 12 punishment. The only question is "Can she 13 dad Larry's creativity?" She'll have to give it a(n) 14 as many of her social media fans are already 15 her to bring dad back.
(1)A、 classmates B、 teachers C、 parents D、 friends(2)A、 appreciative B、 proud C、 afraid D、 confident(3)A、 breakdown B、 takeover C、 comeback D、 makeup(4)A、 consulted B、 found C、 pretended D、 announced(5)A、 relatives B、 followers C、 classmates D、 teachers(6)A、 similar B、 amusing C、 safe D、 fearful(7)A、 sharing B、 downloading C、 exploring D、 preserving(8)A、 exactly B、 definitely C、 merely D、 surprisedly(9)A、 leaving B、 putting C、 wearing D、 enjoying(10)A、 entertain B、 relax C、 exercise D、 compete(11)A、 doubled B、 dived C、 counted D、 jumped(12)A、 average B、 severe C、 original D、 constant(13)A、 live up to B、 get rid of C、 look down on D、 put up with(14)A、 right B、 start C、 topic D、 go(15)A、 warning B、 asking C、 allowing D、 forcing四、第二部分,语言应用,第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
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7. 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
During China's dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing arranged the residential areas according to social classes. The term "hutong", (original) meaning "water well" in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, (surround) in concentric (同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes (permit) to live closer to the center of the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often (feature) beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars (柱子). The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by (space) homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and (simple) in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.
Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing's long history capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic (event). In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect culture of grassroots Beijingers.
五、第三部分,基础知识,第一节 用所给词汇的正确形式填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)。
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8. China has taken some measures to s (加强,巩固) social assistance for people most in need and fight against poverty, the Ministry of Civil Affairs said Sunday.(根据中英文提示填空)9. Miss Granger, a plain but a (野心勃勃的) girl, seems to have a taste for famous wizards that Harry alone cannot satisfy. (根据中英文提示填空)10. People used to build strong walls round their towns as a d (防御) against enemies. (根据中英文提示填空)11. The public are capable of holding a number of apparently c (互相矛盾的) attitudes. (根据中英文提示填空)12. Maiden, your simplicity, like blueness of the lake, r (透露) your depth of truth. (根据中英文提示填空)13. Though smiling generally brings more trust, new research provides evidence that a smile can increase or decrease how trustworthy you are p (看待,认为) depending on your personality. (根据中英文提示填空)14. Daniel Anderson, a famous psychologist, believes it's important to d (区分) television's influences on children from those of the family. (根据中英文提示填空)15. Since Chatgpt, an AI chatbot, was made available to the public at the end of November, it has g (产生,引起) another wave of hype. (根据中英文提示填空)16. As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers have come up with a (可选择的事物) to the traditional work environments of the past. (根据中英文提示填空)17. Yet the efficient learning of specific facts may lead to the a (假设) that when the adult has finished teaching, there is nothing further to learn—because if there were, the adult would have said so. (根据中英文提示填空)
六、第三部分,基础知识,第二节 (共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)。
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18. 根据句意,从所给词组中挑选合适的一项并用其正确形式完成句子,其中有两个选项为多余选项
break down; by contrast; subscribe to;participate in; in charge of; engage in; in turn
(1)、They engage college undergraduates to teach computer science to high school students, who instruct middle school students on the topic.(2)、The two governments have agreed to a comprehensive dialogue to resolve the problem.(3)、The Drafting Committee will be working out a draft resolution to be submitted to the Conference for deliberation.(4)、The authorities no longer the view that disabled people are unsuitable as teachers.(5)、Romain Rolland set out to portray the adventures of the soul of his hero and succeeded magnificently; in addition, he the artistic barrier between France and Germany.七、第四部分,读后续写(满分25分)
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19. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
After a very meaningful conversation with my dad about the old days, we came up with an object that we both remembered clearly. It was my first bicycle. My mind told me I got it when I was seven, who was cheated to ride it for fifty yards alone the first time I tried!
My dad put together all the small pieces of the bicycle from a beautiful material that he called, "Your own car." Of course I knew he had some magical ability, but I didn't think he could make such an awesome object. He added the seat and the pedals (脚踏板) so that I would not have any problems. My dad recalled the bicycle was the smallest he could find while I remember how huge it was. I was so afraid of it and there was no way that I was going to control that monster-sized material. The bicycle was left in my backyard as a decoration for a month because I refused to ride it. Honestly, I was scared to try it.
After a month, my dad gave me a lecture to teach me what being a man was all about. I was finally determined to try it. My dad was proud of me and I felt very manly. He and I went to the park to see what we could do there. The park was empty when we arrived. I had no doubt that my dad told everybody not to be there because we had to use it. I felt sorry for other people, but I was proud to have such an capable person as my dad. We found a smooth and open space. My dad was holding the back part of the seat to make sure I didn't fell. He promised me that I was not going to fall because he would be running right behind, holding the bicycle.
注意:1. 续写词数应为 150 左右:2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I started to pedal and the bicycle moved.
……
I turned around and found my dad was not behind.
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