云南省昆明市五华区云南师范大学实验中学2023-2024学年高二下学期3月月考英语试题

How to plan your routes to avoid busy places

Whether you are a beginner or already a regular runner, these apps will come in handy for planning routes that avoid busy places on your next run

Strava

Just put in whether you're running or cycling, how far you'd like to go and whether you're keen to avoid hills, the app will then suggest a number of routes near you, based on where other runners have been. It is a good way to see running routes you might not have explored.

Komoot

As you plan the route, it'll work out the distance of your run and give you the option to input your running speed, allowing the app to work out how long the route shall take you.

Map my run

Map my run gives runners the option to plan their own route, or the ability to search through popular running routes near you, which is even more helpful for beginners. The app gives you the option of saving your favourite routes and accessing them on the app if you get lost mid-run.

OS Maps

Another hugely popular map-building platform, OS Maps is pretty high tech when it comes to planning a running route. You'll need a subscription to get some of the features, but using the free app you can find local running routes. There are almost two million routes stored in the routes database, and many of them are free.

One day, Amanda was diagnosed (诊断) with cancer of an early stage. During this time, she was admitted to a college. She planned to save money to meet the college expense and then seek medical treatment for the cancer. 

Her father, Clint and her friends didn't want her to put off her treatment due to the expense. They took matters into their own hands and started a GoFundMe campaign. A longtime friend of the family was cofounder of a group named Praynksters, known for random acts of kindness. The friend decided to use their own group to help the family. The group came up with the creative idea to spread the word and invite families, friends, and strangers who wanted to help to take part in a donation activity. The event induced the enormous assistance from the local community.

Clint and Amanda were moved as the crowd passed by and the donations poured in. The event brought the family over $13, 000 in donations to go towards her medical treatments. The generous act of kindness gave the family a comforting, and optimistic feeling during a time when all hope seemed lost. Clint said that Amanda struggled with the idea of asking for help. She felt guilty and undeserving compared to others who are also struggling. She is still humbled by it all. 

After several months of treatment, life for the family has started getting back to their normal routine. Once Amanda got her strength back, she returned to school and completed her bachelor's degree. The family is now inspired to volunteer in their local neighborhood and contribute to crowdfunding (众筹) efforts. They are grateful for the opportunity to give back and help others as many have helped them.

Why don't we have eyes in the back of our heads? There are at least two reasons. Eyes are biologically expensive things to make and rear view (后视) eyes don't fit well into the human evolution (进化).

Even animals, such as rabbits, whose main survival advantage is rear vision, have only the side eyes. Rear vision is not so important. There are other species that have evolved this ability by moving the position of their eyes relative to the rest of their head. Many birds have their eyes positioned towards the side of their head, allowing them a very wide angle of vision and, in the case of some birds such as the woodcock, they are positioned so they can actually achieve 360- degree vision. It is also obvious that spiders, which tend to have many eyes, only have them facing forwards.

Humans, and probably some other animals, do have another adapted sense to make it up. Many experiments showed that sounds behind the head were noticed by a listener more than sounds to the front, especially if a listener was in a dark room. So, our ears can make up for the lack of rear-facing vision. You can look at it another way. Rear vision is useful only if the potential threat is visible. During human evolution, that was most often not the case.

Finally, there is often more than one potential "solution" to a given problem. In many species, the answer to maintaining 360 degree awareness of surrounding danger is to rely on many eyes. Social behavior is common in the animal kingdom and one reason for this is that there is safety in numbers. You might be looking the wrong way when a tiger approaches, but if your teammates raise the alarm this is as effective as having eyes in the back of your head.

The UK government has promised to cut the country's greenhouse gas emissions (排放) by at least 68% by 2030 compared with 1990 levels, marking a significant increase from its current goal.

The new goal comes nine days ahead of the UK hosting a"climate action summit (峰会)"to encourage other countries to declare tougher climate plans, known as Nationally Deter-mined Contributions (NDCs), under the Paris Agreement. Current NDCs will raise temperatures by 3℃. And stronger plans are needed to meet the Paris deal's goal of limiting global warming to

1. 5℃.

"This is the most significant NDCs announcement so far from any major economy," said Richard Black at the Energy and Climate Intelligence Unit, a UK-based think tank, in a statement.

The new goal is exactly in line with what the government's official climate adviser, the Climate Change Committee, called for in a letter published earlier today. The group said 68% would be ""world-leading" compared with existing plans of governments.

The UK had previously promised a 53% cut in emissions as part of a joint (共同的) effort with the rest of the European Union, but the UK is determined to produce a new NDCs. Separately, the UK had also promised a 57% cut by 2032 domestically.

It is clear that far more action will be needed if the UK is to meet the new goal. The government's own analysis last week showed that recent major methods, such as banning newoil-fueled car sales by 2030，had failed to do enough to put the UK on track even for the old goal of 57% by 

2032. The new goal obviously widens that gap further.

Overcoming Fear of Failure

Have you ever been so afraid of failing at something that you decided not to try at all? Or has fear of failure meant that, subconsciously, you undermined (削弱) your own efforts to avoid the possibility of a larger failure? It's important to realize that in everything we do, there's always a chance that we'll fail. Facing that chance and embracing it give us a more rewarding life. Here are a few ways to reduce the fear of failing.

Analyze all potential outcomes. Remove that fear by considering all of the potential outcomes of your decision. You can map possible outcomes visually.

Set small goals. Imagining how life will be after you've reached your goal is a great motivator to keep you moving forward. So start by setting a few small goals. Don't focus on the end picture. Just focus on the next step. Taking one small step at a time will help build your confidence, keep you moving towards your final goal.

Learn to think more positively. Every coin has two sides.Learn to change your thoughts and focus more on the bright side of the situation, making you like yourself. Positive thinking is an incredibly powerful way to build self-confidence.

 In some cases, the toughest situation may be genuinely disastrous (灾难性的) and it may be perfectly reasonable to fear failure. In other cases, however, this worst case may actually not be that bad, and recognizing this can help.

A．Look at the worse-case situation.

B．It is up to you to decide which one to look at.

C．Failing at something can help you discover your truest friends.

D．Many of us have probably experienced this at one time or another.

E．If you are afraid of failure, you might be uncomfortable setting goals.

F．These should be goals that are slightly, but not overwhelmingly, challenging.

G．Many people experience fear of failure because they fear the unknown.

A Texas mother is helping children around the world learn a new language through her bilingual (双语的) teddy bear line. Dr. Tameka Maiden says she was trying to teach her then-1-year-old daughter, Tori, the colors when she 1  the idea for Cubby Love Bears, a line of colorful teddy bears that recite (诵读) letters, words, and numbers in English and Spanish.

"I 2 my daughter to have more exposure in the world than just English," Maiden, 38, explains. "Most kids don't learn a second 3 until they're in high school, so I was like, ‘How about I start them 4 and that way, they'll have a foundation (基础) and by the time they get 5 , it's something that they'll already have and they can expand on?"

Now 7 years old, Tori, along with hundreds of other 6 around the world, have 7 how to recite colors, letters and numbers in English and Spanish, 8 Maiden's brand.

"My 9 was to make the children be impactful in the world," Maiden says. "I know that the most impactful 10 that a child can have is communication."

11 Maiden thought up the idea in 2016, it wasn't until 2021 that her product line was officially launched.

"It took a while because I was 12 ," she admits. "When you create something, you never 13 if people will be receptive (乐于接受的) to it or not…my daughter 14 me to jump and go for it."

She 15 developed four different bears. "Babies are being born every second and communication is the key to everything," adds Maiden.

The Columbian Exchange,  36  (name) so in 1972 by professor Alfred Crosby in the University of Texas at Austin, was the exchange of crops, animals, ideas and foods between the New World (the Americas) and the Old World (Europe, Africa and Asia) following the journeys of explorers, conquerors and traders. When  37  (return) to the Old World, they took plants  38  are native to the Americas such as com, potatoes, tomatoes, chili peppers and tobacco (烟草), along with valuable gems (宝石) and minerals. Explorers and traders in turn  39  (bring) to the New World apples, bananas, grapes, cattle, chicken and garlic.

The exchange of these foods and animals had a(n)  40 (power) impact on the eating patterns of peoples around the world. Elizabeth Lambert Ortiz wrote in her book The Food of Spain and Portugal, " 41  cannot be stressed too strongly that the importing of foods by Spain and Portugal from the Americas was  42  most significant  43  (develop) in cuisine in the 16th and 17th centuries." The impact wasn't just felt in Spain, Portugal and other European  44  (country). The New World foods also traveled with traders to Asia,  45  (actual) making the impacts truly global.

1. 发出邀请；

2. 介绍活动；

3. 表达期待。

注意： 

1. 词数80左右；

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Tyra Winters was a high school student in Texas. One day, she was marching towards her home after the school day. As she slowly made her way down the street, the 17-year-old was enthusiastically planning the coming weekend party with her best friends, thinking of all the music, laughter, and excitement.

All of a sudden, a horrific scream was heard in the street. Turning back, Winters saw a boy about two years old lying on the sidewalk. And his wild mother was begging for help. "Someone help me, someone help me". The little boy, Clarke Hornback, as his mother told, had been sucking on a piece of candy when it slid down the back of his mouth. It was stuck in his throat and blocked his windpipe (气管). Clarke's face was bright red. "There was no coughing; there was no breathing!" Clarke's mother, Nicole Hornback cried in great panic.

The crowds soon gathered around the poor boy and the mother. The boy was just gasping (喘气) for air. No one seemed to know how to help.

Except for Winters, who had always had dreams of becoming a surgeon for children! She had learned the first aid knowledge for treating choking. It was time for her to save the boy's life. Knowing that the clock was ticking, she ran to the child.

Paragraph 1:

By the time Winters got to Clarke, the boy's face had tuned purple.

Paragraph 2: 

It all happened so fast that Nicole even had no time to thank the girl.