北京市东城区2022-2023学年高一下学期期末统一检测英语试题

Gus White was driving home from work when he spotted a pair of dogs in the flash of his headlights. It was snowing so hard. What were they doing out here, when it was too 1 for dogs to go outside? Gus parked his truck and approached the animals. He 2 his hands to them, which made no effort to escape. He placed the dogs on the passenger seat and they were snuggled (依偎) together there. Gus took a picture of the pair and 3 it to his wife, Katie White. 

Then he called the 4 from the dogs' ID tags. A man answered. "I gave those dogs away," the man said. "Well, do you want them back?" "No. " The man hung up. These dogs were 5 in this world. Gus looked over at them, their large eyes begging. He called Katie. "Bring them home", she said. The Whites prepared a bed for the dogs, also setting out food and water.

As a boy, Gus had dreamed of owning dogs but 6 this pair was out of the question—the Whites already had a family dog. The next day, they took the dogs to a 7 to drop them off—on one condition. "I'm not signing the dogs over to you if you're going to 8 them," Katie said. The shelter workers promised her they'd keep the couple together. In the days following, Katie phoned the shelter 9 to check up on Pepper and Cooper. Soon, the dogs were adopted, as a pair, to a loving family.

It's a simple story but it speaks to the best of our 10 .

In 2009, Whitacre received a video of a girl was singing one of his works. Inspired, he asked his fans (make) videos, which he then joined together into one performance. His first virtual choir had 185 singers 12 different countries. It has received millions of views on the Internet. Since then, the virtual choir (become) a worldwide phenomenon. 

In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital, but just a few months later, the department (close) because of the war. (think) of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic. She charged very low fees to treat patients and often reduced costs for poor patients. At times she was even seen (ride) a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care. 

The Dragon Boat Festival is a traditional Chinese holiday (celebrate) by many people today. It (fall) on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. There are many activities and customs, such as (race) dragon boats. It is also an occasion for families to gather and for people to pay respect to the famous poet, Qu Yuan. 

Family days out can be expensive but it's possible to stick to a budget during the summer holidays by taking advantage of the following activities.

Outdoor activities

At Brimham Rocks, there is a one-hour rock explorer activity on 14 July. The activity is free, although car-parking charges apply for non-National Trust members. 

While getting out into nature has lots of benefits, sometimes you need an extra activity to keep things interesting. For example, the Woodland Trust is hosting a tree planting event at Yonder Oak Wood, near Exmouth in Devon. There are morning and afternoon sessions on 18 and 19 July. It is free to attend but online booking ahead of time is essential. 

Rainham Marshes, the RSPB nature reserve in Purfleet, Essex, is running an arts programme for children aged three to ten on 14 July. You can sign up online and tickets cost £3. It is also hosting pond-dipping activities on 15 July (up to £5.50). 

Arts, crafts and museums

For Londoners or those visiting the capital during the holiday, the Southbank Centre is hosting the Imagine Children's Festival (until 18 July), where many events are free, including hip-hop dance workshops, and live music shows. The Tate Modern is hosting Threads, a free family event running from 11-19 July where you work together to create your own artwork using colorful threads and textiles.

The Royal Air Force Museum London (free entry) in Hendon has a range of free activities on offer over the same dates, including a robot-coding workshop, a radar maths challenge and tote bag making. And the Victoria and Albert Museum in South Kensington is running free Chinese themed events including a drop-in workshop for families where you make a traditional Chinese kite (15-17 July). 

Hibernation is not just sleep. While we sleep, our brains fire up and become highly active; in hibernation, on the contrary, brain activity completely slows down. The body temperature of hibernating animals also drops, in some cases close to the freezing point. Cells (细胞) stop dividing and heart rate decreases to two beats per minute. Yet, once it's time to wake up, hibernating animals come back to life without any significant side effects like freezing, muscle loss, or loss of bone density during the long winter months. The same, however, can't be said about people who wake up from long-term medical comas (昏迷), or even those who have to stay in bed for long periods of time. Such people, just like astronauts in microgravity, would suffer from a wide range of side effects that come from not actively using their bodies.

Scientists are therefore looking into hibernation research with the aim of developing ways to cause hibernation in future space astronauts. Recently, Kelly Drew, a professor of chemistry and biochemistry, has been rewarded for his research. 

The idea is that rather than having astronauts sit for months in a tiny Mars-bound capsule, consuming food, water and air, and gradually wasting away from not doing much in microgravity, a part of the crew members could be placed into hibernation. The hibernating astronauts wouldn't need any food or water and could manage with much less air—yet they would wake up with their bones and muscles in a much better condition than those of their awake counterparts.

"This research could be used to help future missions, from the extreme of medically caused hibernation for long term space missions, protecting astronauts from cabin fever, radiation, and much more," he said. "It could also prove effective in preventing muscle and bone loss in zero gravity. "

The state of hibernation could also help in the medical setting to help protect patients suffering from life-threatening conditions such as heart attacks and strokes. 

"This could mean that patients who have suffered from a stroke or heart attack could be placed in medically caused hibernation until they can be transported to a hospital to receive care, which could significantly improve medical outcomes," the scientist said.

Will chatbots that can generate fascinating articles destroy education as we know it?

New York City's Department of Education recently banned (禁止) the use of ChatGPT. "While the tool may be able to provide quick and easy answers to questions," says the official statement, "it does not build critical-thinking skills, which are necessary for academic and lifelong success. "

Banning such use of technology from the classroom is a nearsighted response. Instead, we must find a way forward in which such technologies combine well with, rather than replace, student thinking. 

Banning ChatGPT is impossible in practice. Students will find ways around the ban, which will cause a further defensive response from teachers and administrators, and so on. It's hard to believe that a close race between those digital natives and their educators will end in a decisive victory for the latter. In fact, chatbots may well speed up a trend (趋向) toward valuing critical thinking. In a world where computers can fluently answer any question, students need to get much better at deciding what questions to ask and how to fact-check the answers the program generates.

So how do we encourage young people to use their minds when real thinking is so hard to tell apart from its simulacrum (假象)? Teachers, of course, will still want to watch students taking old-fashioned, in-person, no-chatbot-allowed exams to check that they do not cheat. 

But we must also figure out how to do something new: how to use tools like GPT to inspire deeper thinking. GPT often generates text that is fluent and "reasonable"—but wrong. So using it requires the same mental heavy lifting that writing does: forming an opinion, creating an outline, picking which points to explain and which to drop, and looking for supporting facts. GPT can help with those tasks, but it can't put them all together. Writing a good essay still requires lots of human thought and work. Indeed, writing is thinking, and good writing is good thinking.

One approach is to focus on the process as much as the result. For instance, teachers might require four drafts of an essay. After all, as John McPhee, the famous writer, said, "the central nature of the process is revision. " Each draft gets feedback from the teacher, from peers or even from a chatbot. Then the students produce the next draft, and so on.

Will AI one day outperform human beings in thinking? Maybe, but for now, we must think for ourselves. Like any tool, GPT is an enemy of thinking only if we fail to find ways to make it our partner. 

In the 17th century when a British businessman heard that there were one hundred million people in China, he was determined to go there and sell spoons. He thought even if he could earn one penny for one spoon, he would still make a lot of money. 

Then, why do the Chinese people use chopsticks? Some people did research on the origin of China's chopsticks. One theory is that chopsticks were very convenient for Chinese to use because China was an agricultural society, relying mainly on vegetables for food. When we steamed or boiled food, it was difficult for us to use spoons to dip vegetables in the soup. Westerners, on the other hand, travelled with their animals from place to place and lived on meat. For them, knives and forks were more practical.

Chopsticks reflect gentleness and kindness, the main moral teaching of Confucianism. First, don't use it to hit the side of your bowl or plate to make noises, because Chinese people think only beggars would do this to beg for meals. It means you lay the blame on others. Also, don't stick your chopsticks upright in the rice bowl. That usually appears at the funerals and is believed to be impolite to the host and the seniors who are at the table.

Today, chopsticks have become a typical part of Chinese culture, symbolising the power of unity. However, ten pairs of chopsticks represent strength, which means they won't break off in any cases. We Chinese people draw on this spirit, which always inspires and encourages us to work hand in hand for a better future.
A．As a result, spoons were designed and preferred by Westerners.
B．But to his surprise, the Chinese people use chopsticks, not spoons.
C．Therefore, Chinese people cleverly invented chopsticks to pick food.
D．Besides, never point at people with your chopsticks while using them.
E．Indeed, one chopstick is useless and so delicate that it can be broken readily.
F．So these virtues have gradually become the rules people follow in their daily life.
G．There are some rules about using chopsticks that you should pay great attention to.

For most 12-year-olds, any free time after school is spent hanging out with friends, competing in sports, or playing video games. But Alejandro Buxton has another dream: making all-natural candles that he sells online and at a local mall. 

The idea was inspired by his mother, who had to give up many of the scented candles she'd filled their home with after realizing the chemicals within them were worsening her allergies (过敏), causing her frequent headaches.

So, in 2019, at just 9 years old, the boy started experimenting with making his own, mixing ingredients like soy and coconut waxes with essential oils. He called his first work "Jurassic Orange," for its color and pleasant smell. Though his mother was a big fan, and the scent didn't cause her head to ache, Buxton wanted to improve upon his work.

Within the next few months, he'd developed a line of six uniquely scented candles. By the following year, during the worldwide lockdowns, he'd created his own online shop.

Soon after, Alejandro began selling his products on his own website, "Smell of Love Candles," where shoppers can find offerings with creative names like "Sage the Day!" and "Alexa, clean the house. " He also lists other products such as room sprays for sale.

According to the site, his younger sister Valentina serves as assistant of operations while his mother takes the role of assistant to the CEO. 

Now, he is operating his business in a local mall as well. This past September, he opened a stand in D. C. 's Tysons Corner shopping center—making him the youngest leaseholder (承租人) at the mall.

Besides inspiring fellow kids with his entrepreneurial spirit and talent, Alejandro is also a positive role model for giving back and making a difference: He donates a part of his profits to a local charity. 

With the experience and knowledge he's gaining from running this business at such a young age, Alejandro hopes to one day go on to create an engineering business.

注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

提示词：第19届杭州亚运会the 19th Asian Games Hangzhou

组委会the organizing committee

Dear Jim,

Yours,

Li Hua