四川省绵阳名校2022-2023学年高二下学期期末模拟检测英语试题

Discover Jiangsu

Known as shui xiang, or "the land of water", China's coastal province of Jiangsu has all the geographical advantages to give it a starring role in the epic tale of China's ancient Maritime (海上的) Silk Road. With busy port cities, historic sites and breathtaking natural beauty, Jiangsu is the perfect place to trace the story of this remarkable trade route.

Nanjing and the voyages of Zheng He

At the dawn of the Ming dynasty the city of Nanjing in Jiangsu was declared capital of China. As well as building one of the longest city walls in history, the emperor ordered the construction of vast "treasure ships" in 1403. Under the command of legendary seafarer Zheng He, the fleet embarked on seven epic ocean voyages, reaching as far as the east coast of Africa.

Nantong and overseas trade

In Jiangsu's port city of Nantong, goods have flowed in and out of the province by water for centuries. Today, fleets of hardy fishing boats catch yellow croaker, seabream, sea crabs and more. Beyond Lusi Port Town, a busy seascape of boats travel on the waters of Jiangsu's coast. It's a scene that shows how China's historic Maritime Silk Road continues to thrive and grow to this day.

Yancheng and unspoiled nature

Salt was one of the commodities that played a key role in the history of trade in Jiangsu, contributing to the wealth and prosperity of the province. A major source was the tidal salt flats of Yancheng, which literally means "salt city". This remarkable landscape also plays host to the epic migrations of rare bird species like cranes, egrets, and spoonbill sandpipers.

Yangzhou, Lianyungang and the exchange of ideas

In the Jiangsu city of Yangzhou, a Tang-dynasty monk by the name of Jianzhen set sail to Japan to spread the teachings of Buddhism. Daming Temple, where Jianzhen lived, can still be visited today.

Centuries earlier, Buddhism first settled on Jiangsu's shores. Kongwang Mountain in Lianyungang has some of China's earliest examples of Buddhist art. These carvings show how the Maritime Silk Road helped spread religion across China.

As much as I love watching Olympic diving, I've never understood why athletes hurry off to the showers and then proceed to relax in a hot tub (热水浴池) after each dive. They're already wet. They're only in the pool for a handful of seconds, so it's not like they need to get cleaned up. And doesn't taking a shower serve the same purpose as sitting in a hot tub?

Actually, that's what Olympic divers usually do between dives as they know very well about the importance of warm-ups and cool-downs. So, what's the actual reason?

As it turns out, showers and hot tubs are used pretty interchangeably by the swimming pool. However, there is a need for both. First, let's start with why divers need to take a shower between dives. It has to do with body temperature and keeping their muscles relaxed.As you can imagine, practicing dives in the pool, then having to keep your body warm in a shower, and then jumping off a 10-meter platform and into cold water couldn't be comfortable for anyone. Going back and forth between these warm and cool temperatures can cause a diver's muscles to tense or cramp up(痉挛)，which can lead to injuries to the muscles. Showers allow an Olympic diver to recover and prevent that.

In that way, showers and hot tubs serve the same purpose. A hot tub is generally used if you have a bit more time between dives and have already stretched. The shower walls on the pool deck can typically provide enough space for more divers at the same time, and they're especially helpful for athletes who need to stretch or who only have a few minutes be tween dives. Just like Olympic swimmers depend on thick clothes to keep their muscles warm, Olympic divers rely on these methods to stay loose. If you ask me, it's not a bad way to pass the time!

According to a recent study in Science, pigs are providing convincing new evidence that animals may respond emotionally to music. The finding may lead to ways to improve their welfare on farms. "It's a really neat study that shows animals are more emotionally attuned (音感好的) to music than people think", says Charles Snowdon, an animal behaviour expert at the University of Wisconsin.

Music is sometimes used as enrichment for animals and other captive animals. And Snowball the dancing cockatoo (凤头鹦鹉) likes to dance to the Backstreet Boys. But whether these creatures have a true emotional response to the tunes is unclear. That's what the new study aimed to do — but with pigs. Coauthor Maria Camila Ceballos, an animal welfare scientist, says she chose these animals because they are intelligent and social, and face serious welfare challenges on factory farms.

The researchers composed music that were either consonant or dissonant. To humans, consonant music generally sounds pleasant whereas dissonance tends to sound uncomfortable. The team then filmed six litters of young pigs listening to the music, which was played in a random order with a break in between.

The researchers scored the pigs' body language using an approach called QBA. Pieces of consonant music were linked to the pigs experiencing positive emotions, whereas the dissonant music was linked to negative emotions, the team reports this month in Scientific Reports. "So we found that, yes, music generates different emotions," Ceballos says.

Animal welfare scientist Jun Bao from a university in China is skeptical about whether Ceballos's team detected emotions, however. He recently found that exposure to music increases play and tail wagging in pigs, which he sees as signs of a "positive mood". However, he says it's not clear that pigs labeled as "happy" or "uneasy" through QBA actually experience those emotions.

Ceballos hopes the study will help researchers create welfare-improving music, tailor-made to a specific species. Bao also agrees, adding "It's really interesting, because if it works, it would be the handiest and cheapest way to enrich their environment."

Archan Chan recalls her first experience working in a Chinese restaurant more than 14 years ago. Employed as an apprentice (学徒) chef, she was one of just two women in the kitchen — the other's only job was to beat eggs. "She was unbelievably fast at beating eggs. I guess for a woman to survive in a traditional Chinese kitchen back then, you had to be the best in something," she says.

Today, Chan leads the kitchen of Ho Lee Fook, one of Hong Kong's most popular restaurants. After spending more than a decade working in fine dining restaurants in Australia and Singapore, she is one of a few female chefs who have risen to the top of a high-end Chinese restaurant. That's an impressive achievement, given how unbelievably challenging it has been for women to show in high-end Chinese kitchens.

Female chefs have long been a minority in professional kitchens around the world. But the situation is even severer in Chinese kitchens. There's no denying the work is physically demanding — an empty pot weighs about 2.2 kilograms. In the past, few chefs would risk employing a female trainee into that tough environment.

Given all of these barriers, not many women would even consider this male-dominated industry as an attractive career path. Thankfully, there are signs of a shift in mindset — the number of female Chinese head chefs has been rising in recent years. 

"Even if it's a kitchen almost full of men, all everyone cares about is food — the cooking. They don't care if you're a male or female. Gender shouldn't matter," Chan says.

"Yes, there is a physical barrier but I think the mental barrier may be more of a barrier to the increase of women in Chinese kitchens,"Chan adds. "It isn't just about how much you want it but how much hard work you're willing to put into it. There are days when you feel like your arms are falling apart and you can't move them anymore, but the next day, you're stronger and may be able to work a heavier work."

The teenage years are probably the most unsettled and stressful years in a person's life. Teens experience significant physical, emotional, social and cognitive changes. And teens of today face more challenges as they go through more uncertain times of the 21st century.

As teens experience massive physical, social and emotional changes, the challenges are managing social expectations of ideal body images, developing their identity and finding their place in the world. In the past, a teen who was criticized for his or her larger figure or pimpled (有粉刺的) face, might feel embarrassed and dejected in school.  Constant comparison and endless posts of picture — perfect images and lives give teens greater pressure to follow current fashion trends. The Wall Street Journal reported that Instagram made body images worse for one in three teenage girls.

Statistics show that most cases of cyber bullying take place on popular social media sites such as Facebook, Instagram, Snapchats and Twitter, where cyber bullies make emotionally scarring comments. These can be made publicly on a teen's social media account. As a result, cyber bullying can be more threatening than traditional bullying because it can be shared and viewed repeatedly on social media. In this age of social media, it is also important for teens to learn to cultivate positive, and healthy relationships with people.

There have been many discussions about new technologies and ways of working, such as artificial intelligence (AI) and automation, which will impact future jobs. . Unlike in the past, the situation is different today as AI and automation are causing some jobs to disappear. Teens will have to meet this challenge by adopting an attitude of lifelong learning, and keeping paces with technology.

A. They can also be spread quickly by sharing with others.

B. Furthermore, social media has taken bullying to a new level.

C. The future has always been a dreamland for teens to anticipate.

D. Today, these same sufferings can be expanded by social media.

E. Social media, and technological advances are posing new challenges.

F. Additionally, social media is a strong tool for a teen to defend himself.

G. The challenge for a teen today is preparing for a largely unknown future.

When Deirdre Taylor was preparing to leave her Virginia home to fight Covid-19 in New York, she made sure to 1  a possession that she kept for over thirty, 2 : a front-page newspaper article.

This article 3 Taylor's rescue from a burning New York City apartment by a 4 in 1983. She was only four then. The picture on the front-page article shows a young Taylor with the man who 5 her, Eugene Pugliese.

"I always knew I came 6 to losing my life that day," Taylor told CNN. "I could have a second chance at life 7 him."

Today, Taylor, 41, is an emergency room 8  with a happy family. Ever since the incident, she wondered what 9  the firefighter who saved her, coming up empty when she 10 him online. 11  to spend two months helping in the 12  against Covid-19 at NYU Langone Hospital, Taylor saw this as a(n) 13  to find him.

During one of her shifts (轮班), Taylor gave an 14  of her experience to a fire fighter her. He called the current captain of New York City Fire Department (FDNY) in Manhattan, who 15  knew whom Taylor was looking for.

Taylor gave Pugliese a(n) 16 right after her shift and was very happy to hear his voice on the other end. "I wondered about him on 9/11 and hoped I would get the chance to thank him, and I finally 17 ," said Taylor.

Now 76 years old, Pugliese was 18  when he got the call from Taylor on Friday.

"We just sat there crying on the 19 ," Pugliese told CNN, "20 that he's had the same article framed on his wall for 37 years now."

A firefighter prevented a woman from being hit by a train

It was late, about 10:15p.m. Esposito(get) off the train at Bellport, New York, went to her car and started driving home. She was so familiar with the roadshe almost drove automatically turned left to the Station Road, then another let onto Montauk Highway, and then — bam! When Esposito's car had just crossed the two railroad(track), it hit a big tree and was pushed back. (injure) but mostly shocked by the crash, she(trap) in the car.

As it happened, John was just about to go to sleep when he heard a sharp noise and sawaccident not far outside his bedroom window. a volunteer firefighter, John, who was 65, fetched a flashlight and rushed out without hesitation. He discovered Esposito's car straddling (横跨) the railways. And then he heard the train alarm go off, signaled a train's arrival.

(immediate) John rushed to Esposito's car but the driver's door couldn't be opened due to the crash, so John ran to the other side and managed(open)another door. Finally he got Esposito out to safety. Several seconds later, the train crashed into the car.

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改 10处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。

Enter a sport into the Olympics can be a long process. There are many requirements that must be meet before a sport can be considered by the International Olympic Committee (IOC). In order for a new sport to added, another sport must be dropped. This help the IOC keep the Olympics' budget under control. Some sports in the past Olympics have been removed. Because they were judged to have become less popularly and had to make way of new and popular sports.

Wushu, a Chinese martial art, is still applying to get into the Olympics. The IOC had still not approved the sport for it wants to maintain the balance of sports—there are already many other sports concerning with fighting. However, the IOC is considered changing the number and type of Olympic sports in the future, so wushu fans may finally get that what they are hoping for.

注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右。
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：书法家 calligrapher