浙江省浙大附高2022-2023学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷

AI makes our lives easier and better. Let's see the amazing AI.

Cool driverless bus

A bus door opens and you get on. Wait! Where is the driver? Here is a new kind of driverless bus called Apolong. It has 14 seats and doesn't need a driver. The bus follows traffic rules. It stops as soon as it sees a stop light.

Your close friend

Hi, everyone. I'm Xiaobing, a chatbot（聊天机器人）. I speak like a 17-year-old girl. If you feel lonely, you can talk with me. I'm talented at singing, writing poems and telling stories. I want to be your friend!

World's first anchor (主播)

Hey, look! The famous Chinese anchor Qiu Hao is reporting the news for us. But is "he" really Qiu Hao? The answer is "no". This is the world's first AI anchor. It looks and speaks just like a real person. It can work 24 hours and doesn't make any mistakes. You might see it on TV soon.

Popular AI artist

This beautiful painting was at an auction (拍卖) in 2020. The painting is worth about 3,000,000 yuan! But it is not a work by a famous painter, such as Vincent van Gogh. It was painted by an AI artist. Three Frenchmen created the AI artist. It studied over 15,000 paintings. In this way, it learned to paint.

On March 11, 2011, 16-year-old Yuzuru Hanyu was skating at a local rink when the ice beneath him began cracking. He was experiencing 2011's deadly Great East Japan Earthquake, which had a magnitude of 9.0 and killed at least 18,500 people. The event left him with a greater determination to make every day count.

He was introduced to the world of figure skating at the age of 4. As he watched his sister skate, her coach suggested that the energetic little boy give skating a try. He loved the sport and entered his first competition at age 10. By the time he was 19, Hanyu had won two Olympic gold medals. This achievement made him the first Asian skater in the men's singles category to be an Olympic champion.

What sets Hanyu apart from other competitive figure skaters? At 53 kilograms, he's thin. But Hanyu is very strong and able to perfectly perform jumps and moves on the ice that others can only attempt. Hanyu's performances feature long, smooth and high leg kicks. As he glides effortlessly across the ice, he sometimes looks more like a ballet dancer than a figure skater. When people watch Hanyu perform, it's clear how much he enjoys himself, and the audiences love him in return. After many performances, people in the crowd shower Hanyu with his loved Pooh Bears.

There's no denying Hanyu's star power on the ice, but he's admired off the ice as well. Since the deadly earthquake, Hanyu has helped raise funds for victims. Over the past 10 years, he has also personally given about US$300,000 to help rebuild the local ice rink in Sendai, Hanyu's hometown. The little boy who started out at his neighborhood rink is now adored by people from around the globe.

Feeling overloaded by your to-do list can certainly make you unhappy, but new research suggests that more free time might not be the elixir many of us dream it could be.

In a new study released last week, researchers analyzed data from two large-scale surveys about how Americans spend their time. Together, the surveys included more than 35,000 respondents. The researchers found that people with more free time generally had higher levels of subjective well-being — but only up to a point. People who had around two hours of free time a day generally reported they felt better than those who had less time. But people who had five or more hours of free time a day generally said they felt worse. So ultimately the free-time "sweet spot" might be two to three hours per day, the findings suggest.

Part of finding this seemingly tricky "sweet spot" has to do with how people spend the extra time they have, the researchers behind the new study argue. They conducted several smaller online experiments. In one they asked participants to imagine having 3.5 to 7 free hours per day. They were asked to imagine spending that time doing "productive" things (like exercising) or to imagine doing "unproductive" activities (like watching TV). Study participants believed their well-being would suffer if they had a lot of free time during the day — but only if they used it unproductively. Though that experiment was hypothetical, which is one limitation of the new research, it's certainly in line with other research showing that being in a state of "flow" can be good for people's mental health.

Of course, what feels "productive" is up to you. Many traditionally productive or purposeful activities can be easy and fun. Engaging in a bit of low-key cardio, like walking and jogging, can help burn stress. Free-time activities like reading or cooking are also known to put people in a state of flow.

When elderly people stay active, their brains have more of a class of proteins that enhances the connections between neurons (神经元) to maintain healthy cognition (认知), a UC San Francisco study has found.

"Our work is the first that uses human data to show that synapse protein regulation (突触蛋白质调节) is related to physical activity and may drive the beneficial cognitive outcomes we see," said Kaitlin Casaletto, PhD, an assistant professor of neurology and lead author on the study. The beneficial effects of physical activity on cognition have been shown in mice but have been much harder to demonstrate in people.

The project tracked the late-life physical activity of elderly participants, who also agreed to donate their brains when they died. Maintaining the integrity of these connections between neurons may be vital to fighting against mental disorder, since the synapse is really the site where cognition happens. Physical activity — a readily available tool — may help boost this synaptic functioning.

Casaletto found that elderly people who remained active had higher levels of proteins that facilitate the exchange of information between neurons. This result agreed with the earlier finding that people who had more of these proteins in their brains when they died were better able to maintain their cognition late in life.

"It may be that physical activity generates a global sustaining effect, supporting the healthy function of proteins that facilitate synaptic transmission throughout the brain," Casaletto said.

The brains of most older adults store poisonous proteins that are the marks of mental illnesses, and the proteins can cause synapses and neurons to fall apart. "In older adults with higher levels of the proteins associated with synaptic integrity, this effect that leads to mental diseases appears to be weakened," she said. "The study shows the potential importance of maintaining synaptic health to support the brain against mental diseases like Alzheimer's."

The way we watch television has changed, as many of us no longer follow the old model of television. In the past, a new episode (集) of a show was released once a week.People, therefore, have created a new

term：binge-watching (狂欢式刷剧). It is used to describe the behavior of watching many episodes of a whole series in a row.

In fact, a 2018 Morning Consult poll (民意调查) found that 60 percent of American adults who watched shows binge-watched. The percentage even increased among younger audiences.

Of course, every new cultural behavior has its accompanying health consequences. What is binge-watching doing to our health?They sent an 18-question survey to 926 adults who owned a television and at least one other device with a screen. They found that heavy screen time users averaged 17.5 hours of screen-use every day. They also reported that this group's health condition was worse than light users.

Interestingly, researchers also discovered a connection between binge-watching and greater stress. The result is surprising.It might have been believed that people are turning to binge-watching to deal with anxiety and stress. However, that's not the case. It could be the case that people will suffer from greater stress if watching more shows continuously.

A. Every new cultural behavior has its own causes.

B. Nowadays, binge-watching is a common behavior.

C. Now, many companies release a whole series at once.

D. People are more stressed out if they're binge-watching.

E. Researchers at Arizona State University wanted to figure this out.

F. 73 percent of 18-to-29-year-olds binge-watched at least once a week.

G. Researchers identified binge-watchers by asking how long they watched television.

How to recognize cyber attacks

Cyber-attacks may sound like something that happens only in Hollywood movies. You1a team of talented Hackers gathered around computer monitors trying to break into a secure bank or government server. In reality, cyber-attacks are much less exciting but no less2.

A/An3attack involves a cyber-criminal sending out thousands or oven millions of links and flies. They assume that someone will4fall for their trap and open an infected file or page. Somebody always does. The best way to protect yourself is to learn how to5cyber-attacks as well as how to prevent them from happening in the first place.

Cyber-attacks can happen to anybody. It doesn't matter who you are; cyber criminals can target you. While many often think of hacking victims as6about digital security best practices, this isn't always the case. Kickers are smart. True, there are plenty of apparent scams (骗局) like 'the Nigerian Prince" emails. But there are as many attacks that can fool even the skillful computer-users.

Nowadays, cyber-criminals create fake websites and email addresses. You may think you are clicking a link to Dropbox (多宝箱) only to download malware onto your computer,7may never know when you have visited the wrong site and downloaded a/an8file. So, it's up to you to be vigilant and protect yourself.

So you need to lean to recognize the signs of cyber-attacks. First, recognize9activity on your accounts or devices.10some things may be obvious such as account password changes, others aren't so easy to spot. Usually, hackers insert pieces of code into valid files and programs. And then, you might receive a file from a trusted sender whose mail has been11. Sometimes, the data are even real, but the hacker may have inserted a few lines of code that can also infect your computer. You should take the time to check your "Task Manager" to get a sense of what12are running. Check anything suspicious that's13in the background. That's often the sign of malware.

Other things to14for include: random device or internet slowdown; the software you don't recognize; inability to access your account or unscheduled shutdowns and restarts.

As with everything,15is the best medicine. So, instead of waiting for cyber-attacks to hit you, recognize the signs to protect yourself.

Er yue er is the festival where the "dragon raises its head" according to Chinese people. The traditional

Dragon-Head-Raising Festival(fall) on the second day of the second lunar month annually, marking the start of spring and farming.

Ancient people had the beliefafter this day, rainfall increases because the rain-bringing Dragon King has awakened from his winter sleep.

The festival celebrates ancient agricultural Chinese culture, and while some traditional ways to celebrate it are no longer practiced, others(actual) exist.

The most famous tradition is getting a haircut. Some believe that going to the barber's on this day gets rid of bad luck, while others(convince) that getting a haircut during the first month of the lunar calendar brings bad luck. So on this day people are found(line) up outside barber shops, having avoided haircuts for the previous month.

In(celebrate) of this festival, Chinese people make some kinds of foods that contain special meaning. For example, basedlocal customs, fried beans are the traditional festival food for people in parts of Shandong Province. In East China's Fujian Province, tofu and vegetable balls are made(pray) for family and business. Eating chengyao cakes made with sticky rice ismust in Zhejiang during the festival. The practice seems to be(consistency) with the saying, "If you eat chengyao cakes on the Dragon-Head-Raising Festival, your waist won't hurt all year."

Ladies and gentlemen,

……

Now let's welcome contestant No.1!

As a young boy, I was carefree. Every vacation I looked forward to two things—seeing my grandpa and hearing his wonderful stories. My grandpa was a very good storyteller. He had worked various odd jobs when he was young and wove his adventures and misadventures into fantastic tales. These wonderful tales colored my childhood.

As I grew up, I had to admit that Grandpa's stories went on a little long, even a little boring and gradually lost their magic. However, not wanting to upset him, my brother and I would sometimes take turns sitting in the living room, listening to grandpa tell his stories.

When my grandpa was approaching 91, he suffered from serious memory-loss. It was kind of what doctors called dementia (痴呆), probably the earliest stage of Alzheimer's disease. Following the doctor's directions, we moved him into a Sunrise Assisted Living Community, where he could get a better care. After that, grandpa hardly came to our house.

One weekend before my grandpa's birthday, I came to visit him. Seeing grandpa sitting in his armchair, dull-looking, I was consumed with mixed feelings. I wheeled grandpa to the sunshine in the courtyard, talking to him. He couldn't express himself clearly and spoke in short bursts, but I listened to him patiently and carefully just as I used to be a little boy.

It was then that I noticed a shadow box with some old and yellowish photos in it. I picked one up, in which my brother, several boys in our neighborhood, and I were playing basketball with grandpa cheering us on twenty years before. My mind flashed back to those beautiful memories. Back then, Grandpa was in good physical condition and we were all wearing basketball jerseys, playing and laughing with abandon. I presented the photo to my grandpa, pointing at each member and reminding him of their names. Incredibly, grandpa could speak out the name of every player. I even caught a soft light in grandpa's eyes and a smile on his lips.

注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

A bright idea for grandpa's birthday came to my mind.

……

Seeing "the same players" playing there, grandpa seemed to have thought of something.