广东省河源市龙川县重点中学2022-2023学年高一下学期4月期中英语试卷

Four Famous Castles In Britain

The country is abundant of castles, some ruined, and others still surviving today. They are a reminder of their either glorious or violent past. Read on for the one that interests you most.

Bodiam Castle, East Sussex

Built primarily for defence in the 14th century, the castle looks perfectly protected from the outside. You might think you could expect much of the same inside it, but sadly not. The war reduced the inside to ruins. The fairytale appearance of the castle standing within its broad moat (护城河) makes an indescribably spectacular picture.

Hever Castle, Kent

As a queen's childhood home, it is the perfect picture-book castle. Its thick creeper-covered walls are surrounded by double channels. With large collections including portraits, paintings, furniture and treasures, it attracts a lot of tourists here. Among its collections are two private books signed by the queen herself, which are historically valuable.

Windsor Castle, Berkshire

If you want to have a better understanding of more than 900 years'royal (王室的) life, then there really is no better place to visit than this splendid castle. It is the largest and oldest castle that is still occupied now in the world. In 1992, a fire swept through the castle, destroying 115 rooms. The repairing was completed five years later.

Tintagel Castle, Cornwall

Few places can compete with Tintagel Castle in romance and mystery. The ruins that you see today date from the 13th century, which, however, didn't stop it to become a popular attraction. Due to the legend of King Arthur, for centuries the castle has fired writers' and artists' imaginations on how the heroic king's life began here.

The name England comes from the words "Angle land". The Angles were people who came from northern Germany in the 5th and 6th centuries after the Romans had left. The French name for England is Angleterre, which also means "Angle land". There were also invasions (侵略) of southern England by Saxons and Jutes (people from another part of northern Germany). English people are sometimes called Anglo－Saxons. The Celts who used to live in this area were forced to move back into Scotland, Ireland, Cornwall and into Western France (the area known as Brittany).

England at first became a series of kingdoms, the strongest of which was Wessex (the name comes from West－Saxon). The names of many of the areas in England come from this period—for example, the name Sussex comes from South－Saxon, Essex from East－Saxon, and East Anglia from East－Angle. The Vikings then came from Denmark, and later the Normans invaded from France. Eventually England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland were united, forming the United Kingdom.

The English language is the main language spoken throughout England, although there are many different accents. It can be difficult to know how to spell or to pronounce some English words, because the language has been influenced by Latin and Greek (languages used at the time of the Romans, and used in religion and education until recent times), German (the language of the Angles, Saxons and Jutes), French(the language of the Normans), Gaelic/Scots (Celtic languages) and Danish (the language of the Vikings).

There are now many people throughout the United Kingdom who speak a foreign language either as their first or second language, mainly due to immigration (移民) from Europe or the Commonwealth (countries which used to be part of the British Empire).

At a large forest park in eastern Beijing, 11 birds on the state -level protection list were recently released, which owed to Beijing's big step in wildlife protection.

These birds had recovered after the Beijing Wildlife Rescue and Rehabilitation Center rescued and took care of them. "We will speed up our efforts to push the establishment of district-level wildlife rescue centers to guard the health of wildlife," said Mr. Du, director of the center. The center was set up in 2001 and built a wildlife rescue base in the capital's Shunyi District in 2005. Staff at the base have rescued and rehabilitated over 30,000 wild animals in total.

Wildlife protection has been strengthened in Beijing in recent years. On June 1, the city's newly adopted regulation (法规) on wildlife protection took effect, introducing stricter and more concrete measures to protect the environment and wildlife. For example, the regulation states clearly that Beijing bans hunting throughout the year, compared with the previous regulation which bans hunting during the periods of March to May and September to November each year. The new regulation also gives more serious punishment for illegal hunters.

After years of monitoring, the species and quantity of wild animals in Beijing are continuously increasing, with the number of terrestrial spinal wild animals (陆地脊椎野生动物) growing from 461 species in 1994 to more than 500. The habitat of the endangered bird has expanded from Fangshan District to the whole city.

"The enforcement of the new regulation marked a new stage in Beijing's wildlife protection work," said Mr. Du." We will step up the publicity of the regulation and raise citizens' awareness of wildlife protection," Du said. "In our protection of mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands. we take into full consideration the requirements of ecological corridor construction (生态走廊建设), food- chain construction and wildlife and their habitat protection."

For many kids, the Internet is at their fingertips. From computers to smartphones, a web of information is open to them. According to a new report, about three out of four kids aged 12 to 15 connect the Internet using a mobile device from time to time. Many younger kids are online too.

 Julian Zeitlinger, 9, from New Jersey, uses his computer to watch videos and play games. To keep him safe online, his parents monitor his web use and discuss Internet safety with him. "I ask my parents whether something is nice or bad，" Julian says.

Mobile devices offer more ways than ever to share personal information. The information can be dangerous in the wrong hands.A study found that 62% of children aged 8 to 17 have had an unpleasant online experience.

Have you ever had to enter a parent's e－mail address when signing up for a website? That safety measure is there because of the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA). The law says sites for kids under 13 cannot collect personal information, such as a phone number or full name, without a parent's permission.

This July, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) will update COPPA for the first time since the law was created in 1998 when there were no smart phones. The nature of the way kids get online has changed, FTC lawyer Phyllis Marcus said.

When the changes take effect, COPPA will apply to mobile devices and newer forms of advertising. It will expand what falls under "personal information" to include videos, photographs, and services that give users location.

COPPA doesn't cover everything that can go wrong online. That is why kids and parents need to know what to look out for and to stop and think before sharing information online.

"There is a misunderstanding that if a site is following COPPA, it is totally safe," says privacy expert Shai Samet. He runs kidSAFE, which checks whether a site meets kidSAFE standards and is safe. "It's important that kids know how useful the Internet is but that it also can be dangerous if you are not careful." he adds.

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is one of the nations with the most diverse cultures in the whole Europe. This article will show you how to adapt to the varied culture of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

Get used to small spaces. The United States is not only a huge country but also has big cars, houses and spaces. Houses, apartments, cars and appliances are all smaller than what you are accustomed to, so you have to get used to smaller things.

Be polite. Always apologize for running into someone, even if it is their fault, as it makes you be a kind person. Respect people's personal space and always wait inline.

Accept jokes. Bantering and taking the mickey (取笑) are all ways to make fun of someone but this isn't necessarily a bad thing. Teasing someone is a common way to show friendship. As one Briton put it, "You never make fun of someone you don't like."

Get used to the driving. The British drive on the left side of the road. Also the cars in the UK have the steering wheel (方向盘) on the right side, so you need get used to this as well. Be especially careful with your turns and remember that right turns in the UK cross opposite traffic in the same way that left turns do in the US and other countries where people drive on the right.

The British use different words and pronounce words differently. Look around on the Internet or buy books about words and expressions used in Britain.

London is an excellent city and the most popular in the UK. And the green countryside is a defining feature of the UK, which is something that should be explored.

A. Get used to the lifestyle.

B. Get used to the language.

C. Different regions have their own traditions and even languages.

D. Be sure that you do so, or the result could be terrible.

E. However, the UK does not have the luxury of space.

F. But there are many other cities filled with culture and wonder.

G. One of the most confusing aspects of British culture is humor.

Just a few months earlier, I would never have pictured myself acting in a play in front of two hundred people. If not for my1, Mrs. Sather, I might never have found that opportunity.

In the first and second grade, I was extremely2. It just wasn't in my personality to be very outgoing. I would escape in my writing. Mrs. Sather, always3me to write more. I think she was one of the first people to see my inner4.

One day, she announced our class was going to5a play, a take-off on The Wizard of Oz. "I need someone to play the lead part of Dorothy." A few excited hands were6. Mine, of course, was not one of them.

After school, Mrs. Sather said to me," Dallas, I was7you didn't raise your hand. You're good at memorizing things, and you have such a sweet personality. Perfect for Dorothy! I had you in8for Dorothy while writing the play! If you9don't want to, though, I won't make you. It's your10."

I realized it was time to show the world who I really was. I11the role. Fast-forward through five months of 12, lines memorizing, and costume creating, we were ready.

At the end of the play, when the13stood and applauded, I knew they were not just14for my performance that night, but for the performances that they knew would come in later years because of my new-found15."

Have you ever imagined exploring into the Yangtze River? A Welsh explorer is believed to have become the first person (walk) the length of the world's third longest river, the Yangtze River, in China.

The 28-year-old explorer spent two years (plan) his epic (壮举), he says has never been done before. Other members of his walking team dropped out within the first few days because of (sick) and the threat of animal attacks. Yet Dykes managed to continue with his journey, and (attract) millions of fans who followed him on social media.

Ash Dykes began the 4,000-mile journey in July 2018. He faced many challenges along the way, including packs (群) of hungry wolves and temperatures as low as -20℃. On 12 August, he finally completed challenge. One of the highlights (优秀事迹) for Dyke was (be) the first person from Europe to help release (释放) rare Chinese sturgeon (鲟) into the river. This species of fish is (rare) than the giant panda and is well loved by people in China. Dykes wanted to monitor the health of the river, keeping track pollution as he walked. He said "The good news is that I've seen a huge increase in knowledge and understanding within the communities, towns and cities along the way. People are aware of the damage being caused to their water sources and are now (active) changing their ways for the better-it's inspiring to see."

注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 开头语和结束语已为你写出。4. 你可以参考他写的这篇文章进行仿写。

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