初中英语牛津译林版九年级下册Unit 4 Life on Mars综合素质评价

— About a half.

— Sure. You know, 5G network will be 100 times faster _______with 4G network.

— Yes. I've told her about that.

— Connect what you learn ________ your real life.

—David. He is organized and thoughtful.

—Don't worry. We still have enough time.

— Be more active in class ________ you can improve your ability to express yourself.

— What a pity! I ________ you could stay a little longer with us.

— I think so.

— I think so. We should make good use of it.

The first astronauts

Since the earliest times, people have looked up at the stars, the moon and the planets. Today people use modern machines 1 at the sky. This is very different from the situation 2 years ago when people could only use their eyes. Perhaps they dreamed of 3 the universe. When did humans first go into space? The story began not very long ago, 4 the first astronauts were not people — they were animals.

Scientists wanted to make travelling to space as 5 as possible for humans. So they decided to experiment with animals and test6 in spaceflights. Insects, mice, frogs, dogs and monkeys were some of the animals 7 first went into space. Many of them 8, but they helped to make space travel safer for humans. For their great service, we 9 forget these animals.

Albert II was the first monkey to go into space in 1949. Sadly he died 10 his spaceship landed back on the Earth. 11 the result was different for Ham the Monkey. His story ended happily when he returned to the Earth 12 very good health.

Scientists wanted to know the answer to the important question: could 13 animal like Ham do the same things in space as he could do on the Earth? The answer came when Ham 14 into space in 1961. Yes, he did everything well and lived for 15 16 years.

A team of scientists are carrying out a project at the University of Greenwich in London. They are trying to find ways to make food on Mars (火星) in the future. The project is called Feeding Mars. It tries to use water, fish and fish waste to grow fruit and vegetables on Mars.

It would take at least 21 months to reach Mars, learn about its surface and return to Earth. So it would be a big help if the spacemen could grow fresh food on Mars itself.

Farming on Mars, however, will be very hard. There's plenty of water that could be taken from ice just below the surface, but the land on Mars is missing the nutrients (养分) that living things need. The team says that they could solve the problem by growing plants and fish together. Fish waste can then be used to provide nutrients for plants.

"It is expected that you can grow lots of food, such as vegetables, salads, teas and medicinal plants on Mars," said Dr Benz Kotzen, who leads the project. "You can even harvest (捕获) fish for food then."

Wukong, Tiangong, Tianwen… Do you know where the names of Chinese space programs come from?

Wukong, the Dark Matter Particle Explorer satellite (暗物质粒子探测卫星), is named after Chinese superhero Monkey King. According to Journey to the West, Monkey King has a pair of sharp eyes which can tell the difference between good and evil. The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space.

The name of the space station, Tiangong, means "Heavenly Palace". In Chinese myths (神话), this is the home of Tian Di. Now Tiangong Space Station is a home for Chinese astronauts in space. And China welcomes foreign astronauts to Tiangong so that they can work together.

Tianwen, China's Mars missions (任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan is a well-known poet from ancient China. In Tianwen, he had the questions about the sky, stars, nature, myths and the real world, showing his hunger for truth. Perhaps the Tianwen missions will end up answering some of Qu Yuan's questions.

If you look into more names of Chinese space programs, you will find that they all have beautiful meanings. We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. So the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously.

Many people may wonder what the three Chinese astronauts' life was like when they were working in space. In fact, they did many of the things as we do on Earth.

They brush their teeth, wash their hair and go to the bathroom. However, because of the microgravity (失重) environment, they take care of themselves in different ways. They wash their hair by using the no-rinse shampoo to get it clean because there are no real showers in the spaceship.

Astronauts eat three meals a day: breakfast, lunch and dinner. But how much they eat depends on the astronauts. A small woman astronaut often needs only about 1,900 calories (卡路里) a day, while a large man requires about 3,200 calories. So there are many kinds of foods ready, such as fruits, nuts, chicken, beef and seafood. They can also drink coffee, tea and orange juice.

Astronauts can have much fun, too. They look out of the window, enjoying the wonderful sunsets and sunrises which happen every 45 minutes. Very often, they play with their food or even play jokes on their workmates. Believe it or not, astronauts can even spend weekends, when they can watch movies, play music, read books and talk to their families.

After a long day at work,  ▲  . Just like on Earth, an astronaut goes to bed at a certain time, then wakes up and prepares for work again. But there are a few differences. Astronauts have to sleep in sleeping bags in special cabins (柜子). Generally, astronauts are planned to have eight hours of sleep. Like on Earth, they may wake up in the middle of their sleep to use the toilet. And astronauts also have dreams.

As for Wang Yaping, she had another experience—preparing for lessons for the Chinese students far down on Earth.

Hello! We're in 2042 now. Let's share our beautiful life together!

China has named the nation's (one) Mars rover (火星车) Zhu Rong. For all of us, Zhu Rong is a well-suited name.

In an ancient Chinese story, Zhu Rong had the face of a man and the body of an animal. He rode on two (dragon).When he had a big fight with Gong Gong, Zhu Rong (win). But after the fight, the human world came into complete (dark). Then he brought fire to the world.

"Zhu Rong is regarded as the (early) master of fire in traditional Chinese culture," a space official said. "The first Mars rover (name) Zhu Rong. The name symbolizes (象征) light and hope for space exploration (探索) in our country, and (mean) to guide humans to continue exploration."

After  (leave) the Earth, Zhu Rong circled Mars for several years and landed on it in May. In recent years, our country (send) up the world's first quantum satellite (量子卫星), and Chang'e-4 has made a soft (land) on the Moon. We have made great progress in space technology and will explore more on our own space station.

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