浙江省杭州市西湖名校2022-2023学年高一下学期3月月考英语试卷

Female journalists who changed the world

Helen Thomas

Helen was a White House reporter who had a front row scat of history as she interviewed ten America presidents across her career. She was praised for her cruel drive, with one White House press secretary describing her questioning as torture (拷问). Her refusal to hide her strong opinions, even when asking questions to a president, made her one of the best-known journalists in Washington in the field.

Marie Colvin

The passionate and award-winning American journalist Marie Colvin worked as a foreign reporter at The Sunday Times from 1985 until she died in February 2012, while covering Siege of Homs (霍姆斯的围攻) in Syria. Marie crossed into Syria on the back of a motorcycle, ignoring the Syrian government's attempt to prevent foreign journalists from entering the country.

Mary Garber

In 1946, sports journalism was a man's job where female sports writers weren't allowed to enter press boxes. Mary Gaber changed that by paving the way for female sports writers.

She first covered high school sports and then reported on college athletics. In June 2005, she became the first woman to receive the Associated Press Sports Editor's Red Smith Award, presented annually since 1981 for major contributions to sports journalism.

Ann Leslie

Few reporters have filed stories from more than 70 countries, but British journalist Ann Leslie is considered a unique force in journalism. Because the 73-year old woman has witnessed and reported on some of the most significant events of the late 20th century. She was there when the Berlin Wall came down, and she lost her shoes in the crush waiting for Nelson Mandela's release.

With the world's attention on vaccines, now it feels like a good moment to sing the praises of an often forgotten contributor to their development. Three hundred years ago this month, Lady Mary Wortley Montagu got her daughter inoculated (接种) against smallpox, making her child the first person in the West to be protected in this way. Without Montagu's willingness to adopt a practice she had learned from other cultures, the introduction of vaccines around 80 years later would never have taken place.

Montagu first witnessed inoculation when she accompanied her husband to Turkey. Inoculation had started in Asia, probably in China, as early as the 10th century CE. Montagu observed how older women in Turkey took a tiny amount of pus ( 脓 ) from a person with smallpox. They then used needles to make cuts on people's wrists and ankles and added the pus to their bloodstream. This helped people gain immunity from future infection.

Like other visitors to the country, Montagu took steps to ensure that her son was inoculated. This worked well, but she knew that trying it in England would be far more challenging. Inoculation performed by unlicensed amateurs would threaten doctors' professional standing and potentially rob them of valuable income. Some people also disagree with the practice, as they saw it as going against nature.

Back in England, Montagu observed that smallpox infections became increasingly severe. Eventually, in April 1721, she decided to use the Turkish practice to have her daughter inoculated, because she believed that the rewards would outweigh the risks. After a safe time had passed following the inoculation, Montagu allowed doctors to examine her daughter.

Doctors in Britain gradually accepted the practice. About 80 years later, a pioneering physician found smallpox vaccines to destroy smallpox completely. As early as last century, academics argued that Montagu was no more than an enthusiastic amateur. In truth, she made a vital scientific contribution towards finding the cure for smallpox.

We face a new era of climate crisis. The July of 2019 is the hottest month on record, and the years from 2015 to 2019 are the hottest in human history. The level of CO2 in the atmosphere is at its highest point in human history; climate-related devastations strike more often than ever, with droughts, hurricanes, heatwaves and landslides regularly attacking our planet, causing huge economic loss to countries and to individuals.

The clock is ticking. According to the Intergovernmental Panel (委员会) on Climate Change, we need to collectively ensure that global temperature rise does not go beyond 1.5℃. This means we must reduce emissions by 45 percent by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality (碳中和) by 2050.

Faced with this reality, it is impossible to ignore that human development can only flourish if the natural world flourishes. This is the precondition of the UN Sustainable Development Goals that have become more urgent in the next decade. How can we, the global community, work together as one?

As the second largest economy in the world, China has played a critical part in committing to the Paris Agreement and its leadership and commitment are decisive in achieving the goals. The country has made remarkable progress in developing its green economy, with more than 125 billion dollars' investment (投资) in renewable energy in 2017. New renewable energy jobs in China now outnumber those created in the oil and gas industries.

As the global challenge does not respect national borders, climate change is an issue that requires solutions to be cooperated at the international level, with demands for all developed countries taking up greater responsibilities, and for developing countries moving toward low-carbon economy. In the meantime, as the world's most populous country and one of the largest carbon emitters, China can play an even more vital role in dealing with global climate change by mostly applying its enormous potential for emission reduction.

Climate change is running faster than we are and we need to have a much more ambitious approach in what we do in order to defeat climate change—as this is a race that we can and must win.

Feeling a bit bored? It could be just what you need to produce your best ideas, excite your creativity or simply give your brain a rest.

Nowadays, in the age of round-the-clock entertainment, it's (technically) trickier to be bored. If the show you're watching has lost its spark, you can easily amuse yourself on social media without even leaving the sofa. But that's not necessarily a good thing. Feeling disengaged from the task in hand, or a lack of stimulation (刺激), does have its benefits, according to researchers at the University of Central Lancashire.

Being bored motivates you to search out something less boring to do. For example, if you decide there's nothing worth watching on TV, you might choose to switch off and take up a new hobby. This, according to researchers, can explain why the lockdowns of the past two years saw a surge ( 激 增 ) in creativity among people stuck at home from banana-bread-making to picking up a paintbrush for the first time since childhood.

But what about those times when you have no choice but to stick with the boring situation, waiting for a bus, for instance? The good news is that the boredom you're feeling now could spark your creativity later, says a 2019 study published in the Academy of Management Discoveries journal. People who'd taken part in a bean-sorting task later performed better at coming up with creative ideas than another group who'd been given something more interesting to do first.

Ultimately, don't take it for granted that there'll always be something close at hand to entertain us. With boredom, we will not run the risk of becoming bored ourselves.

As the saying goes, "Your attitude determines your altitude (高度)." The type of attitude you approach life with will significantly impact the level of success you will or will not have.

Attitude of Positivity

Positivity has a direct relationship with possibilities. People who are negative tend to have a fixed mindset, and are closed off to all of the possibility that exists in life.  On the contrary, when someone has a positive outlook and attitude, they are much more likely to have a growth mindset and are open to the abundance (丰富性) that exists within the world.

Attitude of Gratitude

Some people grow up not seeing any models of success in their immediate environment. They are also fed limiting stories, from those closest to them, about their inability to ever be able to create a great life for themselves.  And those limiting stories may puts them into a state of negativity. If you're not careful, comparison will take your life apart. That's why an attitude of gratitude is so important. It takes you out of focusing on what you don't have. It helps you to focus on all that you do have.

Attitude of Greatness

Because of the need to survive experienced by our ancestors, our minds naturally have a bent towards the negative. Although we don't have to worry about a saber tooth tiger jumping out of a bush anymore, our brains are still wired that way. So we have to consciously choose to be positive.

Your attitude is of great importance. Don't try to fight against that truth.

A. Don't let negative mindset disturb you.

B. You can't expect luck always favors you.

C. Negativity and a victim mindset go hand in hand.

D. Accept it, and allow it to guide you on a daily basis.

E. You are supposed to choose to have a good attitude.

F. So, they grow up with a fixed mindset about their potential.

G. Let's look at a few must-have attitudes that you need in your life.

Nathan was a boy in my band class as well as in my math class. I never really liked him. He didn't have any friends at all and always sat 1 at the lunch table listening to music with his phone. People just walked past him without 2. In class, whenever he was asked a question, he would take a long time to answer it, which made the whole class get 3. Whenever he got an answer 4, the whole class would 5.

One day, when I walked into band class and was 6 to play my flute (长笛) , Mr. Kohler began the class. After we had played 7 for a little while, Mr. Kohler asked the class, "Who can tell what 8 it is just by hearing the pitch (音高)?" Nobody raised their hands except Nathan. When I saw him, I laughed and thought he couldn't do anything 9. How could he possibly guess the note when the pitch was played?

Even Mr. Kobler laughed a little and then told Nathan" Come here, buddy." Nathan 10 and went to the front of the class. Mr. Kohler had a tuner (校音器). He played a pitch and asked Nathan to 11 it. Nathan said," E flat." Mr. Kohler said," OK. Good." He played another pitch. "F sharp," Nathan said. The whole class went 12. Mr. Kohler 13 Nathan by playing two pitches together. "C and B flat," Nathan said. "Good job, go back to your seat." he said.

Then I got surprised. Nathan had guessed all the pitches 14. That day I realized I shouldn't judge people 15 little things I saw and that I needed to see the great things people can do.

In a world that is full of different kinds of colors, red quite stands out. In China, people call this color China Red,  has become a very popular expression catching the world's attention.

This expression fully shows Chinese   (people) special love for red. So why are the Chinese really fond of it? One reason lies in the color's rich meaning in Chinese history and (tradition) culture. In ancient China, red   (regard) as a symbol of health, energy, happiness, hope and so on. Now red things can be (common) found across the nation. For example, red lanterns. People can find red lanterns across China, especially during festivals and holidays. During  Spring Festival, people will see red lanterns hanging on the front gates of houses and stores, trees, etc. Beside red lanterns, things like Spring Festival couples invitations are also often red.

In a word, red is popular in China and it's more  just a color. It   (carry) the rich culture of this nation. And you are welcome (feel) and discover in China.

1）写信目的；

2）班会内容；

3）表达期盼。

注意：

1）词数80左右.

2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。