上外版（2020）高中英语必修一Unit 4 Customs and Traditions.单元过关检测

The world's most famous heart surgeon, the Egyptian Professor, Sir Magdi Yacoub, has transplanted more hearts than anyone else. To the countless people lives he has transformed and saved, he is a hero. Professor Yacoub (inspire) in his work by his father, who was a general surgeon.

Now 66 years old, professor Yacoub still retains his energy and extraordinary enthusiasm for his career. For 43 years, he (deal) with desperate patients whose combination of poor diet, inactive lifestyle and stress overload have caused them to ask for his help. Because of all these experiences, he is very aware of the role of good nutrition and regular exercise in (maintain) good health. He eats very well and swims early each morning.

Professor Yacoub' s life is always hectic(狂热的) a donor heart has suddenly been found, then an operation has to take place quickly. He works long hours; he says there are no regular hours for a heart surgeon, as the surgery take place when it needs to be carried out.

For relaxation, professor Yacoub enjoys gardening. One dream of his is to go to the Amazon one day (see) the rare plants there. He is patron of the Chain of Hope charity, which aims to take medical expense to the developing world. Specialist teams give their time free and travel all over the world to places such as Mozambique and Jamaica to train local surgeons in techniques will save lives .This charity also brings needy children to the West for necessary heart surgery.

People think children should play sports. Sports are fun, and playing with others. However, playing sports can have1effects on children. It may produce feelings of poor self-respect or aggressive behavior in some children. According to research on kids and sports, 40,000,000 kids play sports in the US. Of these, 18,000,000 say they have been2at or called names while playing sports. This leaves many children with a bad3of sports. They think sports are just too aggressive.

Many researchers believe adults, especially parents and coaches, are the main4of too much aggression ill children's sports. They believe children5aggressive adult behavior. This behavior is then further strengthened through both positive and negative feedback. Parents and coaches are powerful teachers because children usually look up to them. Often these adults behave aggressively themselves, sending children the message that6is everything. Many parents go to children's sporting events and shout7at other players or cheer when their child behaves8. As well, children arc even taught that hurting other players is9or are pushed to continue playing even when they are injured10, the media makes violence seem exciting. Children watch adult sports games and see violent behavior replayed over and over on television.

As a society, we really need to11this problem and do something about it. Parents and coaches12should act as better examples for children. They also need to teach children better13. They should not just cheer when children win or act aggressively. They should teach children to14, themselves whether they win or not. Besides, children should not be allowed to continue to play when they are injured. If adults allow children to play when injured, this gives the message that15is not as important as winning.

Phil White has just returned from an 18,000-mile, around-the-world bicycle trip. White had two reasons for making this epic journey. First of all, he wanted to use the trip to raise money for charity, which he did. He raised ~70,000 for the British charity, Oxfam. White's second reason for making the trip was to break the world record and become the fastest person to cycle around the world. He is still waiting to find out if he has broken the record or not.

White set off from Trafalgar Square, in London, on 19th June 2004 and was back 299 days later. He spent more than l,300 hours in the saddle（车座）and destroyed four sets of tyres and three bike chains. He had the adventure of his life crossing Europe, the Middle East, India, Asia, Australia, New Zealand and the Americas. Amazingly, he did all of this with absolutely no support team. No jeep carrying food, water and medicine. No doctor. Nothing! Just a bike and a very, very long road.

 The journey was lonely and desperate at times. He also had to fight his way across deserts, through jungles and over mountains. He cycled through heavy rains and temperatures of up to 45 degrees, all to help people in need. There were other dangers along the road. In Iran, he was chased by armed robbers and was lucky to escape with his life and the little money he had. The worst thing that happened to him was having to cycle into a headwind on a road that crosses the south of Australia. For l,000 kilometres he battled against the wind that was constantly pushing him. This part of the trip was slow, hard work and depressing, but he made it in the end. Now Mr. White is back and intends to write a book about his adventures.

Bicycle Safety

Operation Always ride your bike in a safe, controlled manner on campus. Obey rules and regulations. Watch out for walkers and other bicyclists, and always use your lights in dark conditions.

Theft Prevention Always securely lock your bicycle to a bicycle rack—even if you are only away for a minute. Register your bike with the University Department of Public Safety. It's fast, easy, and free. Registration permanently records your serial number, which is useful in the possible recovery of the bike stolen.

Equipment.

Brakes Make sure that they are in good working order and adjusted properly.

Helmet A necessity, make sure your helmet meets current safety standards and fit properly.

Lights Always have a front headlight—visible at least 500 feet in front of the bike. A taillight is a good idea.

Rules of the Road

Riding on Campus As a bicycle rider, you have a responsibility to ride only on streets and posted bicycle paths. Riding on sidewalks or other walkways can lead to a fine. The speed limit for bicycles on campus is 15mph, unless otherwise posted. Always give the right of ways to walkers. If you are involved in an accident, you are required to offer appropriate aid, call the Department of Public Safety and remain at the scene until the officer lets you go.

Bicycle Parking Only park in areas reserved for bikes. Trees, handrails, hallways, and sign posts are not for bicycle parking, and parking in such posts can result in a fine.

If Things Go Wrong

If you break the rules, you will be fined. Besides violating rules while riding bicycles on campus, you could be fined for:

No bicycle registration—————————————————$25

Bicycle parking banned—————————————————$30

Blocking path with bicycle ———————————————$40

Violation of bicycle equipment requirement —————————$35

Attachment Parenting is not Indulgent Parenting. Attachment parents do not "spoil" their children. Spoiling is done when a child is given everything that they want regardless of what they need and regardless of what is practical. Indulgent parents give toys for tantrums(发脾气), ice cream for breakfast. Attachment parents don't give their children everything that they want, they give their children everything that they need. Attachment parents believe that love and comfort are free and necessary. Not sweets or toys.

Attachment Parenting is not "afraid of tears" parenting. Our kids cry. The difference is that we understand that tantrums and tears come from emotions and not manipulation. And our children understand this too. They cry and have tantrums sometimes, of course. But they do this because their emotions are so overwhelming that they need to get it out. They do not expect to be "rewarded" for their strong negative emotions; they simply expect that we will listen. We pick up our babies when they cry, and we respond to the tears of our older children because we believe firmly that comfort is free, love is free, and that when a child has need for comfort and love, it is our job to provide those things. We are not afraid of tears. We don't avoid them. We hold our children through them and teach them that when they are hurt or frustrated we are here to comfort them and help them work through their emotions.

Attachment Parenting is not Clingy Parenting. I do not cling to my children. In fact, I'm pretty free-range. As soon as they can move they usually move away from me and let me set up a chase as they crawl, run, skip and hop on their merry way to explore the world. Sure, I carry them and hug them and chase them and kiss them and rock them and sleep with them. But this is not me following them everywhere and pulling them back to me. This is me being a home base. The "attachment" comes from their being allowed to attach to us, not from us attaching to them like parental leeches. Attachment Parenting is not Selfish Parenting. It is also not selfless parenting, We are not doing it for us, and we are not doing it to torment (折磨)ourselves.

Attachment parenting is not Helicopter Parenting. I don't hover, I supervise, I follow, I teach, I demonstrate, I explain. I don't slap curious hands away, I show how to do things safely, I let my child do the things that my child wishes to do, first with help and then with supervision(监督) and finally with trust, I don't insist that my 23 month old hold my hand when we walk on the sidewalk because I know that I can recall him with my voice because he trusts me to allow him to explore and he trusts me to explain when something is dangerous and to help him satisfy his curiosities safely.

Most of the negative things that I hear about "attachment parents" are completely off-base and describe something that is entirely unlike Attachment Parenting. Attachment Parenting is child-centric and focuses on the needs of the child. Children need structure, rules, and boundaries. Attachment Parents simply believe that the child and the parent are allies, not adversaries, and that children are taught, not trained.

Directions: Read fee passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

As you grow older, you'll be faced with some challenging decisions. Some don't have a clear right or wrong answer—like should you play soccer or field hockey..

Making decisions on your own is hard enough, but when other people get involved and try to pressure you one way or another it can be even harder. People who are your age, like your classmates, are called peers. When they try to influence how you act, to get you to do something, it's called peer pressure.

Peers can have a positive influence on each other. You might admire a friend who is always a good sportsman and try to be more like him or her. For example, a few kids in school might try to get you to cut class with them.

Some kids give in to peer pressure because they want to be liked, to fit in, or because they worry that other kids might make fun of them. The idea that ‘everyone's doing it' can influence some kids to leave their better judgments, or their common sense, behind.

Paying attention to your own feelings and beliefs about what is right and wrong can help you know the right thing to do.

Even if you are faced with peer pressure while you are alone, you can simply stay away from peers who pressure you to do stuff you know is wrong.

If you continue to face peer pressure and you're finding it difficult to handle, talk to someone you trust.

Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

现在中国购物网站非常繁荣，很多人选择网上购物而不是去商场实体店购物，你更倾向于哪种购物方式，并说出你的理由。

注意：请勿出现真实的学校及姓名。