备战2022年中考英语专题复习——单词拼写（说明文）

1. 阅读下面短文, 然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。

Oxford University is one of the world's oldest and most famous universities in Britain. Do you know what the study （习惯）of the top students of Oxford University are?

Go to your lectures.

When I studied at Oxford, I went to almost every lecture. Lectures were FUN! I found so many speakers that（影响）my thinking and so many speakers who got me （兴奋的）about the topic. I remembered more things! And my mind changed a lot!

Be an active student.

For my first year there, I said nothing and I didn't volunteer in discussions. As a result, I didn't understand much. Then in my second year, I got over （我自己）and offered more of my own. I responded to others, asked questions and learnt from other （聪明的）people.

Create a perfect study environment.

This is a very personal place and it needs to be somewhere you （立刻）click into study mode. It might be your bedroom, a （图书馆）or a local coffee shop. My perfect study environment was actually the Oxford English Faculty building It was so（寂静的）.

Study in small blocks.

When you plan your studying, the most important task is to make sure you are remembering the information you have （已经）learned. You need to break your studying up into manageable blocks and （复习）what you've learned in each block. In this way, you can get more information and improve your memory.

2. 单词填空

    On December 17, 2020, China's Chang'e-5 safely returned to the earth. It brought back the country's first samples(样品) of  (岩石) and soil it had collected from the moon.

Behind the  (成功) of the moon mission(任务) was a team of great scientists. One of them is a young woman named Zhou Chengyu. 24-year-old Zhou has become both the  (年轻的) and the first female space commander at the Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site in Hainan Province.

Zhou's colleagues often call her "Big Sister." That's a sign of  (尊重) for her. She has now taken part in five space missions. All of them  (需要；要求) the highest level of professional knowledge. For the launch of Chang'e-5, Zhou was in charge of the rocket connector  (系统). This was one of the most important roles in the mission.

The Chang'e-5 mission was named after the Chinese moon goddess. Therefore, many people found it fitting that a strong female figure had  (获得) international attention. They have spoken highly of Zhou's achievements, regarding her as a role model for Chinese girls to look up to.

However, the young commander has shown no  (兴趣) in fame. In fact. Zhou has  (拒绝) many requests for interviews. She feels that they will only get in the way of her work.

Zhou's story gives an encouraging  (启示): Girls are just as capable as boys in science or aerospace. They can do whatever boys can do.

3. 单词拼写

The Year of the Ox is coming. In China, you will find all kinds of ox figures made of gold, wood,  （塑料）, paper, and stone on sale in stores and on streets to celebrate the return.

The ox （选择） to be one of the 12 Chinese zodiac signs long time ago, do you how why?

Centuries ago, most people made their living by farming. The ox was used to help work in the fields and carry （重的） things for them.

The ox is considered one of the （象征） of being diligent and hard-working in Chinese culture. When someone gets over something difficult through hard work, people often use "niu", meaning "excellent", to （称赞）him or her.

Oxen （很少地）laugh at the weak or fear the strong. They work hard and always think of others （没有）thinking about themselves.

This is （尤其）reflected in a poem by Lu Xun. He once wrote "Fierce-browed, I coolly defy a （一千）pointing fingers; Head bowed, like a willing ox I serve the children. ", which fully shows the poet's loyalty to the people.

"They never want to be the center of attention," the （网址）China Highlights noted.  So naturally, those who were born in the Year of the Ox are often expected to be hard-working, reliable and loyal.

4. 根据短文内容和所给中文提示，用单词的正确形式完成以下短文。

President Xi Jinping arrived in Monaco on Sunday for a state visit. This is the first visit paid by a Chinese president to this city state in . (欧洲) .

Monaco covers 20,200 square kilometers with a population of 38, 300. It is the second . ( 小 )  country in the world. The capital city shares the same name as the country . (它自己) .Though Monaco and China are far apart and different in their social conditions , the relations .(在……之间) them have been improving all the time

It takes about (四十) minutes by bus from Menton in southeast France to Monaco and it only costs f1.5. It's a good way of (节省) money . Also, you can enjoy the wonderful journey. Many travelers, (尤其) the independent ones, choose to travel from south France to Monaco by bus. Also , you can take a (直接的，直达的) train from France or Italy to Monaco. It means that you can tour the three countries within a day-eat (早餐) in Monaco, lunch in Italy and dinner in France. And one hour thing, one of the most important automobile races in the world, the Formula one motor race (举行) every May on the Circuit de Monaco.

Want to have a visit? Come and enjoy yourself!

5. 单词填空

Liu Jichen, a student from Tsinghua University, has developed a WeChat mini-program called "Clear Plate". After a meal, users can open the mini-program and take a photo of their  (空的) plates. Once the image is checked by the AI, users can collect points and use them to buy gifts or meals for children in poor (地区) .

"Technology is a good way (解决) the problem of food waste," Liu thought. He organized a team of (二十) members to work on the project. In order to improve the mini-program, the team (花费) half a year collecting over 100,000 photos in school dining halls and restaurants. In 2018, the mini-program was put into use. Soon, it became one of (流行的) mini-programs in universities across China.

Meanwhile, Liu and his team, together with other organizations, started the "Clear Your Plate" campaign in (十一月) in the third year of his university. Almost 1. 6 million college students were attracted and food waste  (减少) by 862 tons. "Through the campaign, we hope to encourage  (每个人) to take action against food waste," he said.

Thanks to his great efforts, Liu stood out  (在……中) more than 7,600 people around the world and was rewarded one of the Young Leaders for the SDGs by the UN.

6. 在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给

Fights at school sometimes happen. But how can you keep away from a fight? Here's something you can do.

Be c. Sometimes, you feel so angry that you really want to teach somebody a lesson. But being angry doesn't do any good. Neither can a fight. I, it may bring you more problems. In the school, everyone involved in a fight will be punished, no matter who started it. There are no w in a fight.

Shout loudly. If you know someone is coming up behind you to a, turn toward the person with your hands up in front of your body and loudly say “stop” before walking away. Loud v can usually make the attacker stop. If the person doesn't stop, cry for help by calling out the name of a teacher whose office is nearby.

Learn to r. Your friend may ask you to join in a fight. Learn to say no. Helping him fight is not really helpful to him. If you really want to give him a hand, try to ask him to give it up. Also, you can tell him if he gets involved in a fight, he may get hurt and be punished. Then, try to learn why he wants a fight and help him find a r way to deal with the problem.

7. 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）

    The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is a story full of fun. Tom, the m character of the book, is a lively and clever boy. He doesn't like people telling him what to do, so he a gets into trouble. He and his best friend, Huck Finn, run away to an island in the middle of the Mississippi River. Tom has more t, because a bad man named Injun Joe is looking for him. Later, Tom g away from a cave successfully with another friend, Bechy. He also finds Injun Joe's treasure box and takes it away.

    My favourite part of the book is when Tom and Huck start their adventures on the island. At first, they are h. But they feel very sorry when they hear that everyone thinks they are d , so they come back home. They suddenly appear at their own funeral(葬礼）in the church. Everyone is s to see them at first, but very pleased to find that they are alive.

    The great book is m than an adventure story. It d people's lives in the southern part of America at that time. It tells how young people grow up, how people love each other and how bad people pay for their actions. It is written in e English, and the dialogues sound especially real. Today, it is still read and loved by people all over the world. 

8. 阅读下面短文，然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。

Stonehenge, a rock circle, is not only one of Britain's most famous historical places but also one of its greatest mysteries Every year it (接待) more than 75,00 visitors. People like to go to this place(尤其) in June as they want to see the sun rising on the longest day of the year. For many years, historians believed Stonehenge was a temple where ancient leaders tried to (沟通，交流) with the gods. However, historian Paul Stoker thinks this can't be  (真的) because Stonehenge was  (建造) so many centuries ago." The leaders arrived in England much later," he points out.

Another  (受欢迎的) idea is that Stonehenge might be a kind of calendar. The large stones were put together in a certain way. On midsummer's morning, the sun shines (直接地) into the center of the stones. Other people believe the stones have a(医疗的) purpose. They think the stones can prevent illness and keep people healthy. "As you walk there, you can feel the energy from your (脚) move up your body," said one visitor. No one is sure what Stonehenge was used for, but most agree that the position of the stones must be for a special purpose. Some think it (可能) be a burial place or a place to honor ancestors. Others think it was built to celebrate a victory over an enemy.

9. 根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。(每空限填一词)

Giraffes are the tallest animals on the Earth. Male giraffes can grow to a hof about 17 feet. An adult giraffe can look into your bedroom window on the second floor.

Giraffes only live on the continent of Africa. The only giraffes in China are fin zoos or animal parks. Vlove to see the giraffes because they are so tall.

Giraffes love to eat leaves. With their longest necks, they can eeat leaves from the tops of trees. Giraffes don't d much water. They get much of the water they need from the leaves they eat.

10. 单词拼写

    Traffic rules help to keep order on the road. They also help to keep people s. The pedestrian (行人) has as many rules to f as the driver of a car. You should walk on the sidewalk (人行道) or at the side of the road. Always look (careful) before you walk across the street.

    If you like riding bike, don't ride in the middle of the road or run through red traffic lights. When you ride a bike w a friend, don't look around or talk.

    If you drive a car, you should s down at the traffic lights. You must always wear a seat belt (安全带), Without belts b the driver and the passengers may be badly hurt in a sudden accident.

    You may not need to take a bus, but look out if you have to travel in one. Get on or get off a bus only when it comes to a s. When it is full, don't try to get inside, o you may fall off.

    Traffic rules are also (call) Road Safety rules. The maxim (格言) for all road users is "Thinking about others".