江苏省历年中考真题分类汇编：阅读理解 （日常生活类）

    LIFE is AWKWARD. What should you do when your parents are embarrassing (使尴尬) you in front of your friends? Or what if you see what looks like a classmate stealing someone else's headphones? In our social Q's column (专栏), the teenager Harper Ediger and the adult Philip Glances give their best advice to kids looking for help navigating real-life situations. Now it's your turn: Do you have a question about an uncomfortable social situation at school, at home, on social media or among friends? Email it to us at Kjdsqs@njpost. com and Harper and Philip may answer it in a future issue. Please include your age and hometown. C'mon, we know you have one.

    To inspire (激励) you, here are reader-submitted questions we've published in previous issues:

    My mom signs me up for camps and activities without asking what I want to do. I only learn what I'm doing at the last minute. I don't like that it's a surprise, and I feel that I should be able to help plan my time. How can I have more of a say?

    At my school, fourth graders need to learn different dances, then dress up for a fancy party where we ask partners to dance with us. This makes me nervous, and I'm not looking forward to it. How should I handle this situation?

    My sister is home for college break，and lucky me, she's my roommate. As I'm 12 and she's almost 19, we both want our own space. I know she doesn't mean it personally, but she always complains that she doesn't have a home, which makes me feel as if I'm intruding in my own room. Do I tell her how I feel or let it go?

    Along with wheat, rice is one of the most important food crops in the world. It is a nutritious, healthy food.

    Each year, farmers grow millions of tons of rice.

    Top Five Rice﹣producing Countries

    You think it's "cool" to carry your backpacks and head out to school. But if you don't know exactly how to choose, load, lift and wear them-these all-important accessories(配件)can be a pain in the back. Not to mention the neck, head and shoulders.

    Backpacks can influence your health. Carrying a heavy load improperly can lead to poor body position; and even hurt the spinal column(脊柱)This can cause muscle strain, headaches, back, neck and arm pain.

    For example, if it is carried on one shoulder; a heavy backpack forces the muscles and spine to balance the unequal weight. This may increase the possible back problems later in life.

More than 50 percent of young people suffer back pain by their teenage years. Research shows that this could be mainly caused (场)improper use of backpacks.

Here's some advice to help you carry backpacks comfortably and safely.

    Choose the right backpack. Forget leather (皮革)! It looks great, but it's far too heavy. Go for canvas(帆布). Pick a pack that has two wide, adjustable, comfortable shoulder straps(带子), along with a hip or waist strap, and plenty of pockets. Make sure the pack fits properly and its size is suitable for the wearer's body.

    Packing it properly. Only put in the pack what is needed for that day. It's a good idea to know what each object weighs. The total weight of the filled pack should be no more than 10 to 15 percent of the wearer's own body weight. Pack heaviest objects close to the body, and place little ones outside, away from the back.

    Putting the backpack on. Put the pack on a smooth surface, at waist height. Put on the pack, one shoulder at a time, then adjust(调整)the straps to fit comfortably. Remember when lifting a backpack, or anything, to lift using the arms and legs and to bend at the knees.

    The right way to wear a backpack. Both shoulder straps should be used, and adjusted so that the pack fits the body, without hanging to one side. Backpacks should never be worn over just one shoulder. You should be able to move your hands between the backpack and your back. The waist strap should also be worn.

    Take the above advice, and you may not complain back pain, numbness or weakness in your arms and legs any more.

    Hobbies let you explore interests outside of your line of work. They let you be creative and try all kinds of new things. Picking a different one can get your creative juices flowing again.

    Look at what interests you.

    Check what you love doing in your spare time. Do you enjoy reading books? Maybe you want to try your hand at writing your own. Do you like a hot coffee at the end of the day? Maybe your hobby could be trying to make it at home. Turn what you already love into a hobby.

    Think about what you value most

    Do you value wisdom or courage? Do you admire artists? Let such question guide you when choosing a hobby.

    For example, maybe you could volunteer at a library as a hobby because you value education or maybe you could try painting because you admire people who can express themselves with art.

    Examine your skills and personality.

    Certain hobbies require certain skill

    If you don't have much patience, then maybe going fishing isn't something you'd enjoy. However, if you love building things, maybe you should consider a hobby like working on older cars or building furniture.

    Play to your strengths.

    Pay attention to what excites your ①________.

    The way you talk about things can also show what you really like and it can be developed into a hobby.

    Think about the topics you go on endlessly about. Ask your friends and family what you seem to talk about all the time. Now think about the subject that you enjoy so much and decide how it can be turned into your hobby.

Q: At recess (课间休息) , I don't know what to do because all my friends are playing games I don't like or don't want to play. So I end up standing by myself at recess doing nothing. What should I do?

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    My father was German, but he worked in England. He married my mother, who was English. Her family name was Robinson, so when I was born in 632, in England, they called me Robinson, after her.

    My father did well in his business and I went to a good school. He wanted me to get a good job, and live a quiet, pleasant life. But I wanted adventure and an exciting life.

    "I want to be a sailor and go to sea", I told my mother and father. They were very unhappy about this.

    "Please don't go." my father said, "You won't be happy you know. Sailors have a difficult and dangerous life." and because I love him, and he was unhappy, I tried to forget about the sea.

    But I couldn't forget, and about a year later, I saw a friend in town. His father had a Ship and my friend said to me," we are sailing to London tomorrow. Why don't you come with us?"

    On September 1", 1651, I went to Hull and the next day we sailed for London.

    But, a few days later, there was a strong wind. The sea was rough and dangerous, and the ship went up and down up and down. I was very ill, and was very afraid.

    "Oh, I don't want to die!" I cried," I want to live! If I live, I will go home and never go to sea again!"

    The next day the wind stopped, and the sea was quiet and beautiful again.

    Well, Robinson, my friend laughed," How do you feel now? The wind wasn't to bad."

    "What!" I cried. "It was a terrible storm."

    "Oh, that wasn't a storm, "my friend answered, "just a little wind. Forget it, come and have a drink."

    After a few drinks with my friend, I felt better. I forgot about the danger, and decided not to go home. I didn't want my friend and family to laugh at me!

    I stayed in London for some time, but I still, wanted to go to the sea. So, when the captain(船长)of a ship ask me to go with him to Guinea in Africa, I agreed, And so I went to the sea for the second time.

    It was a good ship, and everything went well at first, but I was very ill again. Then when we were near the Canary Islands, a Turkish pirate(海盗)ship came after us. They were famous thieves of the sea at that time. There was a long, hard fight, but when it finished, we and the ship were prisoners. The Turkish captain and his men took us to Sallee in Morocco. They wanted to sell us as slaves(奴隶)in the market. But in the end, the Turkish captain decided to keep me for himself, and took me home with him. This was a sudden and terrible change in my life. This Turkish captain was now my master.

    Every morning, millions of people in China do Tai-chi. It is popular with women and men. Tai-chi is a good kind of exercise for old people. It is good for the body and for the mind. It is healthy and relaxing. Tai-chi is from China. It is hundreds of years old. Tai-chi is a "soft" martial art（武术）.That means it is slow and calm.

    There are also "hard" martial arts. Shaolin Kung-fu, for example, which has a history of over 1,500 years, is a "hard" martial art. It is fast and dangerous. You have to be very fit and strong to do "hard" martial arts.

    In Beijing, Master Li Yu is teaching Shaolin Kung-fu to thirty young students, three of whom come from abroad. "Shaolin Kung-fu is difficult," said Li Yu. "You must practise every move many times."

    Sports like football and basketball are also popular in China. But martial arts like Tai-chi and Kung-fu are part of Chinese culture and history.

    The human body is a machine that can raise lots of interesting questions. Why, for example, are yawns (呵欠) contagious (传染的)? What's up with ice-cream headaches? Here are answers to these and other questions about our bodies.

    Why do I get a headache when I eat ice cream too quickly?

    Scientists aren't exactly sure what causes the brain freeze when we eat ice cream or other super cold foods too quickly, though some believe it's the result of changed blood .flow in the nervous system. Blood vessels in the head tighten to stop the loss of body heat and then relax to let blood flow rise; that sudden rush of blood is what causes the headache. You can improve an ice-cream headache by rapidly rubbing your tongue across the roof of your mouth to help warm up things.

    What causes my stomach to make a low continuous noise when I'm hungry?

    Actually, your stomach makes noise whether you're hungry or full; you just hear it more clearly when you're hungry. Think of your digestive tract(消化道)as a really long tube lined with smooth muscle tissue. These muscles move food, fluids and gas through your digestive tract. ___________. It can make you feel embarrassed(尴尬的)but is nothing to worry about.

    Why do I blush when I'm embarrassed?

    When you're embarrassed, your brain releases a shot of adrenaline(肾上腺素), which makes your heart race and blood vessels become larger in size. All this happens to increase blood flow and oxygen delivery throughout the body in a fight-or-flight reaction(对抗反应). There are a lot of tiny blood vessels in your face, which turn noticeably redder from this sudden rush of blood. As for the actual function of blushing, researchers are still trying to find that one out.

    Why are yawns contagious?

    Have you ever yawned in front of someone, only to have them yawn right back? It's a common thing, but researchers don't have a good explanation for it. They do, however, know this happens only with humans and chimpanzees(黑猩猩). A bigger question puzzling scientists is why we yawn at all. It used to be thought that yawning showed that oxygen to the brain was not enough, but that's just a myth. A growing body of research now shows that yawning is nature's way of keeping our brains cool.

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