江苏省南京玄武区2019-2020学年初中英语八年级下学期期末考试卷

—Yes. His good        background helps him lot. He once studied in Oxford University.

—Oh, dear. We shouldn't pick flowers in the park. Just leave them                

—OK. I need to find a job first.

—I couldn't finish it without my friends. Have you ever heard that                                                    ?

——                           .

What type of mistake is it in the sentence?

—               . That's what friends are for.

    People make themselves into winners by their own efforts (努力).

    Many years ago, look the head 1 job at a school in Baxley, Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program.

    It was a tradition for the school's old team to play against the new team at the end of spring practice. The old team had no coach, and they didn't even practice to 2 the game. Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, 3 to my disappointment we were beaten. I couldn't believe I had got into such a 4 . Thinking hard about it, I came to realize that my team might not be the number one team in Georigia, but they were depending on me. I had to change my attention about their ability and potential (潜力).

    I started doing anything I could to help them build a little pride. Most importantly, I began to treat them like winners. That summer, when the other teams enjoyed 5 holidays, we meet every day and practiced passing and kicking the football.

    Six months 6 suffering our defeat (挫败) on the spring practice field, we won our first game and our second, and continued to improve. Finally, we faced the number one team in the state. I felt that it would be a victory (胜利) for us even if (即使) we 7 the game. But that wasn't what happened. My boys beat the best team in Georgia and 8 me one of the greatest thrills (兴奋感) of my life!

    From the experience I learnt a lot about how the attitude of the leader can affect the members of a team. Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and encouraged them. I helped them to see themselves  9, and they build themselves into winners.

    Winners are made, not 10.

阅读理解

    You might not think much about where your garbage goes. But now you might want to know. On July 1, Shanghai introduced a new garbage sorting policy. People there need to put different kinds of garbage-wet, dry, recyclable and harmful, into different dustbins. Other cities in China will do the same soon.

    Why is garbage sorting a big problem? It's because there is too much garbage these days. It is bad for our soil, air and water. Actually we can make use of some garbage again. And first, we need to sort our garbage.

    Four kinds of garbage in Shanghai

    Recyclable garbage includes paper, books, boxes, newspapers, and glass bottles.

    Harmful garbage includes lamps, batteries, nail polish, and other things with harmful chemical (有害化学物质). Wet garbage usually comes from the kitchen, such as food, vegetables, flowers, leaves and eggshells.

    Dry garbage is anything you cannot put into the other three bins. It includes pens, toilet paper, tape, hair, and towels.

    Building an app is a big project. If you want to build the next great smart phone app. You need a plan. First, think what kind of app that you want to build. Will your app be a game? Will it be for business? Then make a schedule for building the app. You need plenty of time for research before you are ready to build.

    Now you are ready to make the app. Building an app is like a puzzle with many different parts. You can build it yourself or find a company to help you. There are many videos and websites that can teach you to build one. Some websites provide "building blocks (应用组件)" for app developers. As you build, you pick blocks from the website and put them in your app.

    After you build your app, you need to check it carefully. Look for bugs. Most apps have several problems to fix. Show your app to people. Ask their opinions. Make sure everything works before letting people download it. There are so many tools that can help you build apps. Having the right tools will make the work easier. Now almost everyone can make a new app.

    We are told to pay attention to what our mothers tell us. Most of us enjoys listening to our speak. Scientists have found that compared to other people's voices, our brains greatly prefer the voices of our own mothers.

    Scientists at Stanford University, US, recently studied this. They scanned (扫描) children's brains while they were listening to different sounds, including their mothers' voices. They found that 97 percent of the time, children could recognize their mothers' voices at once.

    Hearing their mothers' voices makes children's brains more active. We usually just use one part of our brain to deal with sounds when we hear something. But when we hear our mothers voices, many parts of the brain, including those in charge of (负责) reward (奖赏) and emotion (情感). start to work as well.

    Why do we respond so strongly to our mothers' voices? It starts even before we're born. When children are still in the womb (子宫) or have just been born, they hear their mothers talking. This makes babies feel comfortable and teaches them language and social skills, even though they are still very young. The babies learn to recognize their mothers' voices as a rewarding (奖励性的） sound. Later, when this sound is heard again, more attention is paid to it.

    Some sounds are necessary for our survival or bring us pleasure. These sounds are recognized by our brains as rewarding sounds. Most human voices are not recognized in this way, since we hear them so often. But mothers' voices are different. They bring us a lot of comfort.

    When I was nine years old, I wrote my first poem. My mother read the little poem and cried. “Buddy, it's a beautiful, beautiful poem!” My mother poured out her praise.

“What time will Father be home?” I asked. I could hardly wait to show him my poem. My father had begun his movie career as a writer. He would be able to appreciate （欣赏） my poem

even more than my mother. I confidently put the poem right on my father's plate on the dining table.

    My mother said he would be home around 7. But my father got home an hour later than expected. He sat down at the table and noticed his plate. “What is this?” I heard him say.

     “Ben, Buddy has written his first poem. And it's beautiful, so amazing!” Mother said. “If you don't mind, I'd like to decide that for myself,” Father said.

    I kept my face lowered to my plate. It was only 10 lines long. But it seemed to take hours. “I think it's bad,” my father said. I couldn't look up. My eyes were getting wet.

    “Ben, sometimes I don't understand you,” my mother was saying. “This is just a little boy. He needs encouragement.”

    “I don't know why,” my father held his ground. “Isn't there enough bad poetry (诗歌) in the world already? No law says Buddy has to become a poet.”

    I ran from the dining room, threw myself on the bed and cried.

    A few months later, I read that first poem. It was a bad poem. I worked up the courage to show him a short story. My father thought it was not good but hopeful. I was learning to rewrite.

    As I worked my way into other books and plays and films, I realized how lucky I was to have a mother who said, “Buddy, it's wonderful!” and a father who shook his head “I think it's bad.” Both are love that forces me to improve. In fact, all of us in life need both loving force.

    Steve, who is a penguin, starts his adventure in the spring. He travels through Antarctica (南极洲) and becomes part of the larger group of penguins who build nests so they can mate and have families. But will Steve ever find a mate of his won?

    You can find out if Steve is successful in Disneynature's new movies Penguins, which was on in the US on April 17. 2019. We think this is a movie that everyone should see and that everyone will enjoy.

    We saw all the trouble that Steve and the other penguins had to go through form building a nest of rocks to help protect their babies to fighting seals, whales and birds who try to kill and eat the young penguins and their parents. It was also incredible to see their chicks (雏企鹅) grow so fast in just a few months.

    While we found the film to be very educational, it was also showed in such a way that we were laughing while watching all of the penguins' adventures. Narrator ED Helms, an actor who tells the many of us could relate to (感同身受). The movie also portrayed (刻画) the cold weather and the friendship and competitiveness of the penguins very well.

    At the end of the movie, you will get a behind-the-scenes look at the people who spent about 900 days filming the penguins. You will see the photographers (潜水) into the ocean to film the penguins swimming. Don't leave before the movie is over!

    If you look at the top of your phone, you will usually see a title symbol that says 3G or 4G. The "G"  the generation （代） of your mobile network. But these symbols will become things of the past after 5G networks fully arrive.

    About 100 times faster than 4G networks, 5G will let people download and upload data （数据） faster than ever before. People can use it for many other things.

    For example, 5G will help to make self-driving cars safer. today's self-driving test cars have one problem—lag （延迟）.When the car "sees" something , it sends this information to the data center and receives instructions.

    However, it  to send and receive this information. With this kind of lag, the care may crash because they don't receive instructions . With 5G, this lag will be greatly lowered, making the cars safer.

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In Switzerland, things like glass, plastic and paperthen recycled.

If we drop litter in a public place, .

    When you are in a place where you are looking for a new job or career and that there are several things that you should pay attention to. Jobs and careers are fewer than you expect, especially when satisfying （令人满意的） employment is something you need to seriously think about. How are you going to find the job that you want and what should you avoid on your way? When you want to make use of your job search, take a moment and think about the things that you must avoid at all.

    One of the most important rules is never to compromise （妥协） on the things you ask for or it will have a bad effect （ 影 响 ） on your life and peace of mind. Keep in mind your basic expectations of a dream job. They might be something about money or you might find they have something to do with time off. Whatever they are, make sure that you do not accept a job without them. Your requirements （需求） might not be easy to meet, but you have the right to try and achieve them.

    What's more, don't go away from odd （临时的） jobs that might actually take you to the place that you want to be in. Sometimes, finding the right job is a matter of luck and chance after you have been searching and putting in a lot of effort (努力). And if something unexpected happens, remember that taking the chance is of great importance and is something you might want to seriously consider (考虑). As long as you keep your goals in mind, you are going to be doing much better than other people during the job search.

    If you are looking for the right job, another thing that you can do to make sure that you get the right kind of employment is to market yourself. If required, give enough encouragement to yourself and try to confidently look at all that you have. Make sure that you can show your skills and abilities. If the jobs that you have set your sights on are challenging （有挑战性的）, set goals for yourself and work hard at them. The more efforts you put in marketing yourself the more your chances of getting the job you like will be.

    Remember that when you are working on a job search, you should not short-change yourself this is because you will only harm yourself by setting low goals.

    A group of people gathered in a room attending a class to l  to find happiness in their lives. They were being t all kinds of skills and lessons about life. Suddenly, the speaker stopped and started giving each person a b . He asked everyone to write his or her name on it using a pen. All the balloons were taken to another room.

    Then, these people were l to that room and asked to find the balloon which had their name, within 5 minutes. Everyone was h to search for their name, pushing with each other, and it seemed that everything was out of c .

    No one could find their balloons within the given time. Then they were told to randomly (任意地) collect a balloon and give .it to the person whose nwas written on it. Within five minutes everyone was carrying the balloon with their name on it.

    The speaker began: This is exactly h in our lives. Everyone is hurrying to look for happiness all around, not knowing where it is. Our happiness l in the happiness of other people. Give them their happiness, and you will get your own happiness. And this is the purpose of human life.

“The fight against COVID-19”为题写篇英文演讲稿。要点如下：

1）对所有要点逐一陈述，省略号处适当发挥。注意分段。

2）词数 80 左右，文章的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总次数。

3）文章不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。

The fight against COVID-19

    During the winter holiday, an unexpected virus called COVOD-19 spread all over China.

    All the Chinese people are like part of one big family and we should work together to win this fight.