江苏省淮安市2019-2020学年高三下学期英语5月调研试卷

—That ambition has never died. I'm still as__________ and determined to make it.

—I __________nervous too if I had been in your shoes.

—_________It's clean enough.

    Superstar Pink joined a lot of celebrities (名人) and world leaders who were infected with COVID-19 (新冠肺炎).Two weeks ago, she and three-year-old son Jameson  1symptoms of the disease After2with healthcare professionals, the two were able to3a test Pink tested positive for coronavirus (冠状病毒)

    She4their experiences online, stating" Just a few days ago, we were re-tested and are now 5 negative." Pink added that she was6a huge amount to two different COVID-19 emergency funds (基金会). Various stars have also tried to encourage people to take extra 7against COVID-19.

    ＂It is not wise of our government not to make testing more widely accessible, Pink said.＂ This illness is 8and real. People need to know that the illness 9the young and old. healthy and unhealthy, rich and poor, and we must make resting free to 10our children, our families, our friends and our communities."

    Testing for coronavirus is a major 11 across the world. The WHO12urges World governments to conduct mass testing to13COVID-19, along with contact tracing, Widespread disinfection, lockdown and quarantine measures, social distancing, and hand hygiene

    Previous to Pink, a number of other celebrities have tested14for the virus. Various world leaders have been infected15including the British Prime Minister.

    Pink expressed her 16for the people working on the front lines. Thank you o all of our healthcare professionals and everyone in the world who are working so hard to protect our loved ones. You are our17!"she wrote. she also urged the 18of the population to do their part to 19 the spread of the disease.

    So 20 man is facing a dark time right now, there's one thing for sure that he is going to win this wan against COVID-19 in the end!

    Over the past few months huge groups of locusts (蝗虫), one of which occupied an area more than three times the size of New York City, have eaten up crops across the Hom of Africa and the Middle East, leaving an estimated 20 million people at risk of famine (饥荒). The first generation's eggs are starting to hatch, and now even bigger swarms (虫群)are forming threatening countries from the Democratic Republic of Congo to Yemen, Iran, Pakistan and India, "representing a threat to food security and livelihoods," says the U.N.'s Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).

Desert locusts' populations explode when weather conditions are right. That explosion can create huge swarms that can travel great distance-more than 90 miles in a day—in search of food Warm weather and unusually heavy rains in the Horn of Africa at the end of 2019 provided the moist (湿润的) soil necessary for hatching eggs From there, the insects spread rapidly, resulting in one of the worst outbreaks the region has seen in more than 70 years

    A typical swarm numbering 4 billion to 8 billion locusts, can consume in one day the same amount of food as 35 million people. Some swarms have been so thick in parts of Kenya that they have prevented planes from taking off. Governments have used widespread aerial spraying of pesticides when available; in poorer regions, where aircraft are unavailable, soldiers battle the swarms with handheld spray pump.

    The FAO has appealed for $138 million to support affected communities, If the locusts are not stopped before the next generation hatches, the impact could be terrible: the FAO guesses that an additional 25 million people across the region could lose their crops. Scientists in Kenya hope a new computer-assisted tracking program that combines satellite data with weather-mapping software will help predict the swarms 'next destination, buying-regional authorities enough time to prepare a response. Buy coronavirus- related travel restriction have delayed relief efforts as well as response mechanisms. The locusts have/no such travel limitations.

    Dog owners swear that their furry best mend is in tune with their emotions, Now it seems this sense of interspecies connection is real: dogs can smell your emotions, and adopt them as their own.

    We already know dogs can see and hear the signs of human emotions says Biagio D'Aniello at the University of Naples Federico II, Italy But nobody had studied whether dogs could pick up on olfactory (嗅觉的) signals from humans.

    ＂The role of the olfactory system has been largely undervalued, maybe because our own species is more focused on the visual system says D'Aniello. However dogs 'sense of smelling is far superior to ours, D'Aniello and his colleagues tested whether dogs could really sniff out our emotions. First, human volunteers watched videos designed to induce fear, happiness or a neutral response and the team collected samples of their sweat. Next, the researchers presented these sweat samples to dogs, and monitored their behaviour and heart rates. Dogs exposed to fear smells showed more signs of stress than those sniffing happy or neutral smells, They also had higher heart rates, and made less social contact with strangers.

    D'Aniello's study suggests humans can unconsciously, hijack their dogs' emotion by releasing smells. A second study suggests dogs can return the favour, using their expressive faces.

    Juliane Kaminski at the University of Portsmouth, UK, and her colleagues have found hat dogs' faces fare most expressive when they know people are looking at them.

    The researchers introduced dogs to a human who was either looking at them or facing away. and either offering food or nothing. The team analyzed how much the dogs' facial movements varied in the four situations, They found that the dogs' facial expressions varied most when the person was looking at them. Kaminski says there was no sign of a" dinner table effect", which＂ would predict that dogs try and look super-cute when they want something from the humans'.

    It's not clear precisely how dogs visually signal us and how we respond, says Monique Udell of Oregon State University in Corvallis." This kind of research is needed to fully understand the nature of the human-dog relationship."

    John Perry decided it was time to go home. It had been a perfect day. He had filled his bag with all sorts of seashells, enough to study for a month. The island had been a good place to find shell but mow the sun was going down, he must leave before it got dark. He came to the sand reef that connected the island and the shore of the mainland. He stopped for a moment to enjoy the sunset on the ocean water, Then he began to walk along the sand reef toward the shore.

    He hurried on. Then, suddenly he stepped into the water Before he knew What had happened, he dropped down and down. The water was covering his head. He rose to the top of the water, struggling to get back on to the dry sand, surprised. To his horror he saw long grey sharks there in the sea, but where was the sand reef? What had happened to it?

    He began to walk back toward the island. While he had searched for shells on the island, the strong ocean waves had washed a large part of the sand reef away. He did not know much about Sharks/but he was a good swimmer. He tried to remember what he had read about sharks. Did sharks find their food by smelling it? If they did, it meant they looked for food at all times, even during the night,   ①    Most of the night he lay down and looked up at the stars thinking. He thought of the people in the village. He was their doctor, the only doctor in the village. K felt good to be needed. He thought of wood for a fire, wood to signal for help, but there was no wood. At last he thought of sleep. He slept until the sun rose.

       ②   The sharks were there because the fish were there. The same waves that had washed the sand reef away had somehow pushed large schools of fish into the area , He watched the sharks kill.

    He looked at the sea, if he swam to shore, he would be in the water 5, 6 minutes. A lot could happen during that time.)A wind blew across the water. Small waves rushed across the top and stopped him from seeing the bottom. He hoped the wind would stop Somehow, clear water seemed less dangerous.

      ③   But first, he looked all around before he took off all his clothes He kept only his belt and his small knife. He silently slipped into the water. He went deep down and looked around. He was about to rise to the top and start swimming when he saw a long grey body below him. He kicked himself up to the top and struggled to the sand.

       ④   He stood up and looked around again. How could he make the sharks move out to sea? He put the knife against his leg and cut deep into the flesh, blood running out, He caught it on his white shirt. When the shirt was red and wet, he tied some cloths around his leg to stop the flow of blood. He tied a long piece of cloth to the shirt, then he threw the shirt into the water and pulled it with a piece of cloth.

    The sharks smelled the blood; they came racing toward the shirt. He was leading then away from shore, Suddenly he dropped the cloth turned toward shore and ran as fast as he could He jumped into the water and swam, He kicked and shouted as loud as he could. He touched the shore with his fingers and pulled himself up the stones.

    The shark was excited by the smell of blood and the chase went after him; its great body crushed against the stones. The other sharks jumped on it. The end came quickly as the sharks blood turned the water red. The injured shark was eaten alive as it tried to escape.

    Perry slowly got to his feet. So, he said," you did not get me."

    He looked down at the sharks still eating even though they were full of food.

The development of penicillin (1928-1945)

    In 1928, Alexander Fleming was spending several weeks growing bacteria in piles of dishes for his experiment when he noticed a dish didn't look normal with blue mould in. Much to his astonishment, the mould killed the bacteria surrounding it. After discussing the blue mould with mould expert C.J.La Touche who had his office below Fleming's, they determined the mould to be a Penicillin mould. Fleming then called the active antibacterial agent in the mould, penicillin. He continued to run numerous experiments to determine the effect of the mould on other harmful bacteria, Surprisingly, the mould killed large number of them. He found the mould to be nontoxic and contain a powerful antibiotic.

    In 1929, Fleming wrote a paper on his findings, which did not get any scientific interest. His penicillin was still in his lab far from an effective medicine because the development of Penicillin as a drug faced two problems. First, it was difficult for him to purify penicillin to work as a medicine. second, he was. Second, he was not able to produce penicillin in the ample quantities needed to be effective.

    Fleming was praised for the discovery. but it was Howard Florey, Ernst Chain and their Colleagues at the Sir William Dunn School of Pathology at Oxford University who managed to tum penicillin from a lab curiosity into an effective drugs. In 1940, they worked with penicillin, Solving these problems and stepping up its large-scale production.

    The increasingly obvious value and demand of penicillin in World War II accelerated the process of its mass production. which began in 1944.The wide use of penicillin during World War II saved many lives. Without it, many people would have died due to bacterial infections in even minor wounds.

    Fleming discovered penicillin. Flopey and Chain made it a usable product with a nickname of" wonder drug". All three of them were awarded the 1945 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.

Su huai: I had to stay at home, learning online because of COVID-19, but I really enjoyed it. I think courses in the virtual classroom more interesting and it worked.

Mrs.su: I don't think so. I doubted how much knowledge had been planted in his head. I didn't take proper care of him and our relationship went tense. Sometimes it was like a fight of trapped beasts.

Mr.li: We were going through a test similar how many parents. We struggled with technology to interact with our students and make sure they could understand.

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